In a literal and canonical understanding, the baby probably does not receive Eucharist in the same sense than an adult does, however, as an 8 month pregnant woman, I can tell you that my son moves around within 5 or 10 minutes of any time I begin eating, so he most definately knows when I am eating and is getting something he can feel from it. I have not noticed him moving after I receive Eucharist, but maybe it isn’t enough food for him to notice. Or, maybe I have my mind on other things, and I don’t notice. I also know that there are studies showing that babies show a preference for foods that their mothers ate regularly when they were pregnant, likely because towards the end of the pregnancy they begin swallowing amniotic fluid, which likely has some flavor of what the mother has been eating. Also, I would add that that 15 minute thing is hogwash while pregnant. A pregnant woman’s metabolism slows down considerably. I have vomited things I ate several days ago. (Maybe that’s TMI?) And, of course, the baby gets all the dangerous elements of alcohol and other drugs consumed by pregnant women, so why not the good things, such as the essence of Christ? (And, for that reason, I would avoid Eucharist in the form of wine. Body of Christ or not, it still contains alcohol and is dangerous even in small quantities.)
Having said that, the Church decided long ago that unbaptised infants do not go to Hell or even limbo, as God is not that mean and loves babies, so, in the same vein of thinking, I believe that Christ loves my unborn child and is a part of him, as he is a part of me, whether or not I receive Communion, so in that sense, whether he receives Communion when I do is irrelevant. Christ is already within him and in Communion with him. But, I do like to think He is present in both of us in a special way when I receive Him. I think I can safely guarantee that none of the men who wrote our canon laws have ever been pregnant, nor do they have degrees is obstetrics, so their understanding of this topic is quite limited.