If the type of altar is not important, why were the altars changed after Vatican II?
All altars were not changed.
The fact of the matter is that the proper celebration of the EF requires a High Altar with an altar rail. In the same way, a table altar is required for the celebration of the OF Ad Populum.
No, that’s not quite correct. The one thing that
is required in the EF is
ad orientem celebration.
The altar rail, while it does serve a distinct and important purpose, is actually extraneous to the celebration of the EF.
A High Altar is likewise not required for the EF. Remember that the EF was, and still may be, offered on a side (or apsidial) altar. Plus there is no requirement that the altar be flush against the reredos. Take, for example, the traditional High Altar in Notre-Dame de Paris or in St Patrick’s in New York, etc, which were always free-standing. Further, in the
Missale Romanum of 1962 there is a diagram for incensation of a free-standing altar. That was
not an innovation, but merely the restoration of an old rubric.
Similarly, a table-altar is not required for the OF, even when done
versus populum (the use of which posture is, IMHO, most unfortunate). Even that can (and, as I see it, should) be done on a fixed, solid altar that is free standing. As much as I dislike them, table-altars can also be fitted with an an antependium (and an altar stone which it usually lacks), which renders them fit for the EF. Another poster said it nicely
A TLM using an Altar table is better than no TLM at all, right? One step at a time.
Anyway, there is a huge difference between an altar that is solid and free-standing, and a table. The former is an ancient and venerable tradition; the latter is not. (I’d rather that table-altars and
versus populum both be eliminated completely, but I digress.)
Table altars are definitely valid, but they are not ideally suited for the celebration of the EF.
As far as I’m concerned, tables are not ideally suited for the OF either. Remember that even in the rubrics of the Latin
editio typica of the OF,
ad orientem is the presumed posture.
The type of altar is a significant element in the celebration of the EF. The prayers of the EF explicitly mention the relics that are contained in the altar stone. These essential prayers would be pointless if the Mass was celebrated on a table altar without any relics.
In time of war, it was usually not possible to have a fixed altar in the field, so portable altar stones (or Byzantine
antimensia) were used instead.
The US GIRM says (emphasis added)
- The practice of placing relics of Saints, even those not Martyrs, under the altar to be dedicated is fittingly retained. Care should be taken, however, to ensure the authenticity of such relics.
but unfortunately that (and the concurrent requirement of consecration) apparently applies only to fixed altars. Seems to me it’s one of those things that needs to be tightened up: far too much leeway.
My :twocents: