Is it really possible for a truly saved person to literally and actually give up his faith entirely? If Hebrews 6:4-6 and Hebrews 10:26-31 are describing born-again people, then the answer is yes. Such individuals have put themselves beyond all human help. They have “crossed the line” and cannot be renewed to repentance. Thus, they face judgment as they fall into the hands of a living God for severe judgment and the possibility of imminent physical death. It is also possible that these verses describe individuals who were never truly born again in the first place.
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Were the people addressed in Hebrews saved? Were they born again? Let’s settle this issue by way of scripture.
We know the author of the Book of Hebrews is talking to and teaching Christian believers because of the verses that precede the subject verses. For example:
Heb 2: 1. “ THEREFORE **WE **must pay the closer attention to what we have heard, lest
we drift away from it. For if the message declared by angels was valid and every transgression or disobedience received a just retribution, how shall **we **escape if
we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to
us by those who heard him, while God also bore witness by signs and wonders and “
The author over and over uses the word “
we” and continues to do so in the letter. While there are many things to quote in Hebrews, we can get to the heart of the matter by focusing on some things in Chapter five that clearly establish that the author is addressing believing Christians. Hebrews 5:12-14 says,
“For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need some one to teach you again the first principles of God’s word. You need milk, not solid food; for every one who lives on milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, for he is a child. But solid food is for the mature, for those who have their faculties trained by practice to distinguish good from evil.”
Now please notice that the author tells those receiving his letter that by now they ought to be teachers, but that they are immature. He does not say that they are non-believers or that they are not born again. Instead, the criticism of immaturity is explained by the fact that they are “
unskilled in the word of righteousness.”
They still need practice to distinguish good from evil, even though they should already be passed that. It is then that chapter six begins and the author warns these same people of apostasy. Right after the warning the author returns to exhorting them saying, “And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness in realizing the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.”[Hebrews 6:11-12]
These people are believers. Moreover, it is important to note the reference to apostasy. Please be advised that someone cannot commit apostasy unless they are a believer. Apostasy is the public abandoning of your faith for another. Both the Jewish authorities and the Romans persecuted Christians with torture and death. If you committed apostasy and swore the appropriate oaths against Jesus in favor of the Emperor, the Romans would spare your life. Some chose martyrdom and some chose apostasy.
You cannot fall away from something that you did not already believe. Logic, linguistics, hermeneutics, and history make this clear.
I hope this helps.