Eucharist in 1 Corinthians 11?

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When Paul says that we eat and drink judgement to ourselves if we don’t discernfirst, could he be speaking of showing up to the worship and the spirit of the commemoration? Not the bread and wine?
 
He could have meant that. At first read, it appears to be a slightly ambiguous statement. What is “discerning” anyways?

That’s why its important to study how he recipients of his letter, the early church, would have read that message, and how they passed it on to others. That is why it is good to have the sacred tradition in knowing what this verse means. If it were up to me alone to interpret this, I’d interpret it completely different than the common understanding. However I’m not an expert…and since we do have experts we know that he is speaking of receiving the Eucharist and being in a state of grace. 🙂
 
He speaks of the cup and the bread blessed in that discourse.
 
1 Cor 11:23-29 For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, 24 and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.” 25 In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.” 26 For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.

27 So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord. 28 Everyone ought to examine themselves before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup. 29 For those who eat and drink without discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on themselves.
 
Paul was laying down the hammer on a group which turned the sharing of the Last Supper into a greedy lunch buffet.

He has two condemnations here:

Verses 27-28: Being unworthy to consume Christ for whatever reason.
Verse 29: Being disrespectful of the consecrated elements and their intended purpose.

The Catholic position is that the disrespect is towards the consecrated elements themselves (the bread becomes the body of Christ). Many Protestants hold that the disrespect is towards how that particular bread and cup is to be used (to recognize the “body” of believers). Regardless of your view, Paul was saying it was disrespectful to treat the communion elements as just another part of the lunch buffet.
 
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