Well that statement is all very nebulous and non specific,and while sounding meaningful it actually says nothing.
So what exactly does it mean? Exactly what authority, jurisdiction and power does the laity have that is equal to the ordained Priesthood? And in what way, theologically and ecclesiastically are the two groups equal?
Palmas85,
Those are good questions, and I’ll do my best to answer them as concretely as I can. Before I start, I feel the need to say this: The development of the theology of the laity continues even to the present day. Previous to the 2nd Vatican Council, the laity were defined in the negative. We were the “non-ordained.” The Council, mining the Tradition and utilizing the work of theologians such as Yves Congar, offered for the first time a positive definition of the laity. You can see it in Lumen Gentium and Apostolicam Actuositatem.
That being said, an authentic theology of the laity does not contradict the fulness of the Church’s Teaching and seeks to place the reality of the laity within the Tradition of the Church, consonant with the Magisterium. By exploring and promoting the characteristics of the laity, I am by no means attempting to reduce the role of the ordained or erase/minimize the differences between the lay and ordained. I am not advocating more lay roles within the Church. In fact, the authentic living out of the Lay Office occurs outside the community in the world.
So, to start answering your question, the common and ordained priesthoods are, from the very start, equal in dignity–because that dignity has its roots in Baptism:
In the fullness of this title and on equal par with all other members of the Church, the lay faithful are called to holiness: “All the faithful of Christ of whatever rank or status are called to the fullness of Christian life and to the perfection of charity”(43). (Christifidelis Laici)
It is because of our baptism that we, as laypeople, share in the priestly, prophetic, and royal mission of Christ. So, we share in the priesthood of Christ in a very real sense. Now, it has been said (and taught) that the way the ordained share in the priesthood is different not only in degree but in essence. This is true. However, this does not make one
better than the other.
In fact, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith had this to say regarding the common and ordained priesthoods:
Thus the essential difference between the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial priesthood is not found in the priesthood of Christ, which remains forever one and indivisible, nor in the sanctity to which all of the faithful are called: “Indeed the ministerial priesthood does not of itself signify a greater degree of holiness with regard to the common priesthood of the faithful; through it, Christ gives to priests, in the Spirit, a particular gift so that they can help the People of God to exercise faithfully and fully the common priesthood which it has received”.(On Certain Questions Regarding the Collaboration of the Non-Ordained Faithful in the Sacred Ministry of Priests)
The essential difference between the common and ministerial priesthoods is in the mode of service. The ordained priesthood is configured to the service of the common priesthood so that the lay faithful can accomplish the mission of the Church in the world.
The two priesthoods are complimentary but essentially different. Equal in dignity, yet configured for different purposes. The ordained teach, sanctify, and govern the community of the faithful, and the laity participate in the priestly, prophetic, and royal offices of Christ for the sake of the world.
In fact, the laity are called to “consecrate the world to God . . .and restore to creation all of its original dignity” (Christifidelis Laici). The mission of the common priesthood is particular to the world and because of it, the Church teaches that there is a particular character to the common priesthood:
In particular the sharing of the *lay faithful *has its own manner of realization and function, which, according to the Council, is “properly and particularly” theirs. Such a manner is designated with the expression “secular character”(Christifidelis Laici).
The secular world is, therefore, the particular jurisdiction of the laity (the common priesthood) living as the Church in the midst of the world.
More continued next post