Yes, the church first recieved the truth . . . but as the truth is the Word of God, I suppose God is the ultimate foundation of this truth . . . although I am not sure what exactly you mean by these questions. Perhaps you would elaborate further?
Christ gave the authority to bind and loose to the apostles. Just briefly, there are a number of ways of reading these verses, and I have yet to come to come across a convincing reason why Rome’s version must be the correct one.
I have yet to come across anyone who says the bible alone fulfils this, but I do believe the apostles and the church today can fulfil it without them having to be the infallible final arbiter of truth.
But I am open to any different ideas

(and I also I don’t want to go in to it too much as it is not really the topic of this thread).