Faith and 'proof'

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They didn’t reject it. That is why they are Islamic.

I thought that would have been obvious 🙂
The only possible result of your view is to deny all religions that claim to have had truths revealed supernaturally, whether or not the supernatural, itself, is denied. And I find no reason to accept that.
 
I don’t care WHY you reject Islam.

They have the truth, as they have claimed. Ignore it…at your own peril. lol!!
long difference between a claim of truth, and the many messianic prophecies of Judaism, that were specifically fulfilled by Christ, that give a mathematical precision to the validity of Christianity.

no other faith can make this unique claim.

if you explore what Christianity actually is, as opposed to assuming that all faiths are equal and we merely pick one over another for no intellectually justifiable reason, you would find that not to be true.

there is only one faith with mathematical proof of its validity. thats us.
 
I usually say that the proof for God is like the proof in a courtroom, not like the proof in a science lab.
Bingo!
We like to think that science is 100% accurate (it’s not, but scientists like to build themselves up).
Even science recognizes standard deviations and margins of error.
In law, though, it’s all preponderance of the evidence. We’re dealing with human history (Christ’s life, death, and resurrection are historical events, not just theological milestones), and so it’s going to have to be by the weight of the evidence by definition.
And the textual evidence is very strong. Better than a “preponderance” – which is only 51%.

GREAT post Belloc Fan!
 
That’s a great analogy there. What evidence were you referring to if I may ask?
Thanks (and thanks, Mercygate! You guys have no idea how much your comments meant to me:D).

I think that the evidence we find compelling varies from person to person. But briefly, I think that the existence of *a *God is best observed (for me, anyways) in a number of ways:

Cosmologically
the four fundamental forces (weak and strong nuclear force, gravity, and electromagnetism),

the universal cooling rate,

the creation and existence of matter,

the Big Bang (since the universe has a starting point, this rules out that the universe always existed);

the fact that there is order in the universe

the fact that the universe comports to mathematics, an essentially manmade branch - meaning that the universe is understable and to a degree, predictable

Environmentally
the presence of life (just like it’s scientifically impossible to go from no matter to matter, it’s very nearly impossible to go from no life to life, and science hasn’t ever been able to replicate this)

the fact that water (unlike any other element) expands when it freezes (if it didn’t, it would kill aquatic life) - water’s got a lot of unique properties which make it capable of sustaining life while other elements can’t, and it “just so happens” water is abundant on our planet.

DNA, instinct, and natural selection – without these, life would likely not have lasted beyond a generation

Philosophically
I find the old standards of Truth, Love, and Beauty to be great, too. If the universe were just random, you wouldn’t see those things.

C.S. Lewis’ reasons in Mere Christianity strike me as incredibly reasonable - the presence of consicence is near the top of my list. A sense of right and wrong transcending evolutionary survival.
 
For Christianity, I think the best arguments are:
Philosophically:
The perserverence of the Jewish people (they’re the oldest religion, and usually one of the smallest, yet they survive, without assimiliating their religion into any other religion) needs to make anyone step back and say, “what’s going on here?” and at least take a closer look.

The Old Testament was written by a number of different authors over a span of centuries, yet somehow lays out a basic blueprint of a coming messiah, even laying out whose reign He would arrive in. Jesus, and only Jesus, fits this so-called Messianic Fingerprint. So it seems to me that if Judaism is right, Christianity is right.

Here’s an example I find really compelling. Psalm 22 particularly strikes me. 22:16 describes a man’s torture and death, and says “they have pierced my hands and my sides.” That describes crucifixition, but not many (any?) other forms of execution. It was written well over a millenia before crucifixition was even invented.

We know that Daniel prophesied that the Messiah would come during the Roman Empire. Daniel 2 describes a statute made of gold, silver, bronze and iron/clay, each representing empires which would rule the area. They are, in order, the Babylonians, the Persians, the Greeks, and the Romans. Neither Daniel nor David (or whoever the Psalmist behind Psalm 22) would have been able to know that the Romans were coming, and going to implement crucifixition. Yet we know from secular sources that the Romans used crucifixition frequently, and Josephus (I believe) even acknolwedges that Jesus was crucified. On the Cross, He exclaims, “Eloi, Eloi, lama sabathani,” the opening lines to Psalm 22. (Even if you took a skeptical approach, and said it was added by the Gospel writer, it’d be a lot bigger of a stretch to say the writer timetravelled to alter the OT).

Historically:
the historical evidence for Jesus is greater than any other figure in antiquity. It’s astounding even from a secular scholarly view. People were very concerned with making sure His message was well-preserved. Whether you believe in Him or not religiously, He existed (as a historical matter).

Paul claims that hundreds of people have seen the Resurrection, and basically challenges any non-believer to ask him, so he can put them in touch with eyewitnesses. That many people can’t be delusional or lying. (It’s vital that they’re eyewitnesses - billions of people believe in the wrong religion, no matter whose right; but few of those people claim to have actually seen their God).

The list of eyewitness-martyrs is disturbingly long, and often in the most vulgar and viscious of ways, yet none of them said, “Hey, this is just a scam!”

If the religion *were *a fraud, it would be a motiveless crime. The early Christians were almost all fervently Jewish originally - they would be not only condemning themselves to die for a life, they would be knowingly damning themselves… and for what? Unlike Muhammed, or Joseph Smith, or any of those others, these people had nothing to gain - they never even claim a special status for themselves (no extra wives for the Apostles, for example - Paul is even celibate!)

The Gospel accounts make their writers look bad, so add to that list a loss of reputation (plus the fact that they were outcast from their communities)

Jesus similarly has no motive - He never writes a word of Scripture, nor does He take the ‘easy’ route and ride the anti-Roman wave.
 
Finally, here are the best arguments for Catholicism, in my opinion. For this, I’m going to invoke the Bible, but I know you can’t just say, “the Bible is true because it says it is.” So how about this…
  1. secular sources confirm that Jesus existed, and that people died for him.
  2. the New Testament provides what those people believed to have been true about Him.
  3. From these accounts, we can discern that Jesus was God/ He claimed He was, so He was either Lord, liar, or lunatic - His teachings and actions discount the latter two. Plus, the Resurrection was a public event - at no point did anyone come along and say, “Here is the body of Jesus!” even when it meant that it would quell the massive grassroots conversion. There’s no way that 500 people could have been delusional, so if Jesus wasn’t resurrected, it was because they were lying - tricking everyone into believing a damnable heresy, for no reason other than to be collectively tortured. Since I view this as an implausible motive, I believe that the historical events occurred as its eyewitnesses describe, more or less. A Resurrected Jesus means He’s God (because why would God resurrect a heretic? And because Jesus had to have actually been dead - the Romans were too efficient).
  4. In these accounts, Jesus says that He’ll set up a Church, guided by the Holy Spirit. The Gospel writers wouldn’t go to all the trouble of creating an historical account of Jesus just to fill it with sectarian lies and propaganda, and a God capable of raising His Son from the dead is powerful enough to ensure the message isn’t immediately lost.
  5. That Church declared the Bible infallible.
Of course, by #4, you’re already Catholic, more or less. But in case that’s not enough…

Biblically:
Matthew 16:17-19 sets up a Church upon Peter.
Anytime God gives someone a new name, it has huge covenental implications.

Plus, the name “Peter” doesn’t exist prior to this. Only three names (to my knowledge) are created by God: Adam, Jesus, and Peter. (There may be others, but if so, not many).

Petros is the masculine form of the Greek word for Rock, and in the original Aramaic, they’re the same word ('kepha).

Jesus gives Peter the keys - see Isaiah 22:22. This is a prime minsterial power - Eliakim spoke on behalf of the king: cf. 2 Kings 18:17-27 and Isaiah 36:2-12.

Note that only Peter gets the keys, and that they’re incredibly similar to a power Jesus claims for Himself in Heaven - see Revelation 3:7.

“Binding and loosening” is a clear grant of authority, even though I recognize the parameters are debated.

John 10 supports the Papacy, as well:
John 10 is a pastoral chapter. In verses 1-10, Jesus speaks of Himself as the Door. In verses 11-18, He is the Good Shepherd. The Good Shepherd is a model for earthly Shepherds (God alone is Good) - see also 1 Peter 5:4.

Jesus says He is going to serve as the door for the (one) shepherd, and that anyone else is a thief who comes to kill and destroy.

In 21:15-17, Jesus commands Peter to “Feed my lambs,” after asking him, “do you truly love me more than these?” Peter is thus set above and apart … as the prophesied shepherd.

Once again, Jesus is giving to Peter an earthly power similar to what He claims for Himself. This isn’t that shocking: God says to David, “You will shepherd my people Israel,” yet David still proclaims in Psalm, “The Lord is my shepherd, I lack nothing.” (see 1 Chronicles 11:1-3; Psalm 23:1). Still, David was a man after God’s own heart- we should be careful to disparage God’s earthly representative.

A single unified Church is laid out in John 17:20-23, 1 Timothy 3:15-16, and Matthew 18:17. Plus, Paul speaks of the Church as the Body of Christ, which is both perfect and unified.
Isaiah 66:21 says that in the New Covenant, there will be “priests and Levites” in addition to the new Israel. So just as OT Israel was a priestly people with a sacredotal class of priests, NT Catholicism is, too.

There’s more than this, but this (I feel) is sufficient proof for me. Oh yeah - the harmonious nature of these texts I also feel is a support for the truth of Christianity (because to have this much agreement with this number of authors is astounding).
 
No, but I’m flattered! 🙂
Belloc Fan for president!

A few points. You mention Jewish people vaguely, however I believe you missed the crux of this proof-i.e. the fact that such a devoted religious group suddenly change their entire doctrine (well some) suggests a major event around the time of JC.

From a slightly more cynical perspective, a lack of contemporous evidence for Jesus Christ sheds doubt on the historical fallacy of Him, at least as the Messiah. There’s Josepheus (although part of this was possibly forged), and at a stretch Tactius, but not much else. One may reasonably argue that Matthew, Mark, Luke and John act as contemporous texts with each other and any other sizable texts would have also been included in the NT at the canon, however there are several well known historians around the time of Jesus that make not one mention of Him. As a Catholic I’ve always been puzzled by this, is it possible that other texts and records of Jesus existed, but were destroyed in the Roman acquisition?
 
I am having a few issues regarding the need for ‘proof’ in our catholic faith. I have been asked several times by athiests, as I’m sure you have, how we can be so sure of our beliefs and what cold hard proof do we have. I’m curious as to how you approach this question-do you go down the track of complete faith without proof, building a personal relationship with God; or do you use the New Testament as proof as a creator as well as things like Near Death Experiences and Intelligent Design. I’m intrigued to hear your thoughts!
I like to begin by asking the atheist two questions:

  1. ]Of all the scholarly and scientific journals in all the libraries and databases in all the world, what percentage of this vast body of knowledge do you actually know?]Let’s say you know one tenth of one percent of all there is to know. How do you know that there is no sound evidence that God exists in the 99.9% of knowledge of which you know nothing about?

    This, at least, gets him thinking about the fact that he really cannot be certain God does not exist. I then ask exactly what evidence he’d be willing to accept as proof that God exists and then do my best to find the evidence he seeks.
 
I like to begin by asking the atheist two questions:

  1. ]Of all the scholarly and scientific journals in all the libraries and databases in all the world, what percentage of this vast body of knowledge do you actually know?]Let’s say you know one tenth of one percent of all there is to know. How do you know that there is no sound evidence that God exists in the 99.9% of knowledge of which you know nothing about?

    This, at least, gets him thinking about the fact that he really cannot be certain God does not exist. I then ask exactly what evidence he’d be willing to accept as proof that God exists and then do my best to find the evidence he seeks.

  1. Seems a fair and friendly approach. Out of interest, what kind of replies to you get when asking them what they would constitute as proof?
 
mvh18:
I cannot give an atheist proof, but I have had it myself. As I have been thinking, someone who is blind, an atheist, doesn’t know what he wants, because he doesn’t really want proof. The Jews, who already believed in God, had physical proof along all the miracles and such and the vast majority still didn’t believe. With that being said, how can an atheist assume that proof would do them any good, when it didn’t do a lot for the Jews who already had some spiritual development?

They know not how to attain it, if they care to, and yet they’re arrogant enough to think they can get it on their own terms. Their pride is a major obstacle. Frankly I think there are atheists who do want to believe in God, and they’re probably not claiming they want proof either. I guess one could pray to God for proof, should one has sufficient humility, and receive it (such as a Damascus experience), but I don’t see people who draw lines in the sand as being open to proof, even should the proof come along. From what I understand from Fatima, a good many atheists whom were there, found that experience as proof.

Proof doesn’t give you faith. You won’t believe without faith, so it seems they need to ask for or attain faith somehow. I doubt very seriously you will find what you want, that is if you really want it, unless you look for it where it is.

I always believe, that if you want something, why bother with those who either don’t have it, or have it in diminished degree. Why not “ASK” God for it, whatever it is (or if one feels unworthy enough, ask for a saint’s help with the Lord)? I guess that’s part of the atheist dilemma, if they sincerly ask God for help, haven’t they ceased being an atheist? Oh what a lovely day that would be!
 
Let’s say you actually know 0.1% of all there is to know, are you really willing to dismiss the probability that sound evidence for God does not exist in the 99.9% of knowledge you know nothing about?
Let’s assume I know .00000000000001% of all there is to know – feel free to plug in a few google zeros extra if you’d like.

Might there be sound evidence that god exists out there in the rest of the universe? Sure. There might be. There also might be sound evidence that the Hindu gods exist, that the Zoroastrian gods exist, that leprechauns exist, that zombies exist, that there is a Grand Unification Theory.

But I won’t accept any of those things until I see the evidence for one of them.

We’re not discussing the possibility of any of those things (any of them is possible) – we’re discussing whether we should believe in them, whether there is sufficient evidence to compel belief.

There’s not.
This, at least, gets him thinking about the fact that he really cannot be certain God does not exist. I then ask exactly what evidence he’d be willing to accept as proof that God exists and then do my best to find the evidence he seeks.
I would accept the same kind of evidence I would accept for anything whatsoever that exists – independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data that compels belief.

For example, I believe in electrons. There is plenty of independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data (i.e. evidence) that compels belief in electrons. It doesn’t matter what I think about electrons – I can’t look at the evidence and not agree that electrons are real.

Things that are objectively real are real for everybody, regardless of belief. Things that are real for everybody manifest in some way that is measurable and confirmable for everybody.

If you claim that something exists for everybody yet you have no independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data to support it, then your claim is indistinguishable from imagination or fantasy.

If you want others to believe in your god, present the evidence.
 
Folks, by all standards, I am a novice theologian. However, in my 20 years as an educator I have one thing that I know moves hearts and changes minds…a personal experience with the Living God. Many people can obtain the grace through someone’s authentic witness, meaning they live a coherent life - what they say they believe is eveidenced in their actions. Gospel living is the only “proof” some people will ever get and all they need to believe. The seed of faith is planted and grace waters the seed unto maturation.

I have had plenty of intellectual conversations with agnostics and Jews, and even a couple with atheists. My experience tells me that because we are all created by God - and therefore come from Him - and since we will all be returning to Him - whether we believe we will or not, doesn’t matter. Facts are facts. The fact that we are here, and because we reason we know we are here (that is a basic philisophical premis), and someone had to put us here. Now this is where the path diverges. But EVERYONE can admit to a higher power! We just know Him as God the Father and we need to beliving witnesses to those who do not believe.
AMEN.
 
Let’s assume I know .00000000000001% of all there is to know – feel free to plug in a few google zeros extra if you’d like.

Might there be sound evidence that god exists out there in the rest of the universe? Sure. There might be. There also might be sound evidence that the Hindu gods exist, that the Zoroastrian gods exist
those faiths lack the mathematical certainty of convergent prophecy that is unique to Christianity.
that leprechauns exist, that zombies exist, that there is a Grand Unification Theory.
no one seriously proposes the existence of leprechauns, they are meant to be fictional in the manner of the keebler elves.

there are zombies, not as modern movies show them, but as a result of voodoo alchemy involving various toxins.

the GUT may or may not exist. time will tell.
But I won’t accept any of those things until I see the evidence for one of them.
you have been consistently unable to refute or even reasonably respond to the proof, our existence, as expressed in thomistic logic. what more do you need?
We’re not discussing the possibility of any of those things (any of them is possible) – we’re discussing whether we should believe in them, whether there is sufficient evidence to compel belief.
There’s not.
I would accept the same kind of evidence I would accept for anything whatsoever that exists – independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data that compels belief.
For example, I believe in electrons. There is plenty of independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data (i.e. evidence) that compels belief in electrons. It doesn’t matter what I think about electrons – I can’t look at the evidence and not agree that electrons are real.
so you have seen an electron? you have physical evidence of something that can really only be desribe as a wave form?

no, you havent, you trust in the logical systems applied to observational data that say an electron exists.

the same model, logic applied to the observational data is the Thomistic proof of G-d, yet you dont believe that, and its been examined many centuries longer than the electron.

why is that? why is the same system of inquiry resulting in a non-sensable product ok in the case of an electron, but not in the case of G-d?

because you dont want there to be a G-d, but an electron is ok.

the existence of a G-d would have personal consequences, the existence of an electron does not.
Things that are objectively real are real for everybody, regardless of belief. Things that are real for everybody manifest in some way that is measurable and confirmable for everybody.
i agree, now please stand by your statement and accept or offer refutation based solely on rational argument and evidence, as to why there is or is not a G-d. and continue to do so until the matter is settled.

ive noticed that when the hard questions come up, you ignore them and jump threads.

if you really believe in rationalism and logic, than you must follow where they go, if you dont, then why post at all?
If you claim that something exists for everybody yet you have no independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data to support it, then your claim is indistinguishable from imagination or fantasy.
indeed.
If you want others to believe in your god, present the evidence.
happy too, if you will hold still long enough to reach a conclusion in the matter.
 
those faiths lack the mathematical certainty of convergent prophecy that is unique to Christianity.
Nonsense. By “prophecy,” I assume you mean that some parts of your holy book predict later parts of your holy book?

That’s not proof of anything. It’s like claiming Star Wars is real because the prophecy that the Chosen One will bring “balance to the Force” came true.

You can’t use part of a fictional work to prove another part of a fictional work true.

[And yes, even if Star Wars was written by lots of different people at lots of different places and times, the fact that it contained a story that answers a prophecy made within the same narrative world would not be proof that it’s true]
you have been consistently unable to refute or even reasonably respond to the proof, our existence, as expressed in thomistic logic. what more do you need?
I need a little more than, “We exist, and nothing can cause itself, so – Booyah! Magic Man done it!”

There’s nothing to refute. Your argument is nonsense.

I’ve explained to you already that origins are a big question mark. No one knows the cause of the universe’s expansion into its current shape, and no one knows if the concept of “cause” even meant anything before there was time in the (maybe) quantum state that preceded the universe.

Proposing a god as the cause is a non-answer. It’s replacing the question mark with a bigger question mark. Now I will ask where god came from. And when you respond that god always existed, I’ll respond that the quantum state that preceded the universe (in a state without time) always existed. *

In other words, your god idea isn’t automatically right just because we don’t know the cause of the Big Bang or if the concept of “cause” applies to the Big Bang.

There’s always going to be the problem of infinite regress unless we draw the line somewhere and say “uncaused cause.” I draw the line at matter itself (which we know exists and which we know in some states – i.e. a quantum state – behaves in strange ways that violate its typical behavior). You want to go a step further and invent some supernatural being. We know that there is matter – but we have nothing at all that would indicate the existence of a god.

Honestly, warpspeedpetey, it’s frustrating talking to you because you don’t even acknowledge the points I raise. You just go on posting the same tired nonsense without even attempting to address anything I say.

Right this second, your fingers are itching to type, “But matter can’t cause itself!!!” I know it.

Please go back and read what I said carefully. No one is claiming that matter caused itself or that it came from nothing.

If it seems I “jump threads” when you get involved, it’s simply because I recognize that your brand of illogic and poor reasoning will never permit an actual conversation to be held. You want to talk at me, not to me.

And that’s fine – I can’t force anyone to have an intelligent conversation.
so you have seen an electron? you have physical evidence of something that can really only be desribe as a wave form?
I don’t have the time right now to trace out the history of the discovery of the electron here, but there are a series of experiments performed with cathode ray tubes in the nineteenth century that demonstrated (physically) that there is a negatively charged part of an atom. Experiments that demonstrated that this negatively charged part of the atom manifests in ways that are measurable by anyone, regardless of belief.

You can read about it if you feel like learning.

But the salient information for my argument is that there is independently verifiable, repeatedly confirmable data that demonstrates beyond a shadow of a doubt that electrons exist.

You have no such evidence for your god.

If the best evidence you have for your god is some specious reasoning that starts with “everything has a cause” and ends with “Magic Man doesn’t need a cause,” then I’m sorry, you have no evidence for your position. Anyone with a shred of intellectual honesty would laugh in the face of such embarassing arguments.*
 
as that post covered a great many things unrelated to the rational discussion of cosmology, allow me to re-edit it into a useful form.

if you feel i misstate your argument, please correct me.
  1. the bible cannot predict something that occurs later within the same narrative.
refutation.

the bible is not a single narrative, it is a canon of books, composed by different authors, in different places, languages, and cultures. spread over 16 centuries. the bible is actually several dozen completely different books.
  1. even prophecies from such varied and unrelated sources, being fulfilled is not proof
refutation.

the validity of any theory in the sciences is judged by how closely it predicts reality. in this case there are some very specific prophecies that closely predicted the name, birth place, and specific activities of Christ, 500-1100 years prior to His birth.

predictive power is the test of validity in the sciences, it is no different here.
  1. I need a little more than, “We exist, and nothing can cause itself, so – Booyah! Magic Man done it!”
There’s nothing to refute. Your argument is nonsense
refutation.

thats not what Thomistic arguments are. simply put.

nothing physical can cause itself. that leaves as the only possibility a non-physical first cause.

that is an 800 year old school of philosophy that many great thinkers have addressed, they obviously found it worthy of examination. its even taught in many universities.

how then can you say the argument is non-sense? no other reputable thinker has said that.
  1. no one knows if the concept of “cause” even meant anything before there was time in the (maybe) quantum state that preceded the universe
refutation.

for what reason should one assume that ‘cause’ is not required in the case of the universe, when it applies to every constituent part of it?

thats similar to saying something like ‘my cells need oxygen to survive, but my body doesn’t.’

its non sensical to say that all of the parts of the universe require cause, yet the universe as a whole does not.
  1. Now I will ask where god came from. And when you respond that god always existed,
refutation.

that wouldn’t be my response to the question.

we know that the first cause, must necessarily be non-physical as nothing physical can cause itself.

as a non-physical thing, there is no need for it be subject to the laws of physics, time, or causality.

those are some of the very criteria by which we define what is physical.

if the non-physical were to have the qualities that sujected it to these laws, then it would be physical and not, non-physical.

as a crude analogy, its like expecting a foreigner in another nation to be subject of the laws of your nation.

unless there is a rational reason to expect the non-physical to act in accord with the laws of the physical universe

the premise of the question is invalid.
 
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MegaTherion:
  1. And when you respond that god always existed, I’ll respond that the quantum state that preceded the universe (in a state without time) always existed. **
refutation.
a quantum state is simply the mathematical model of a quantum system. it is not a thing, it is a concept.
if you mean a quantum system, there is no evidence of one preceding the BB. there is only a theory. one among many on the discovery channel.
if there were a quantum system preceding the BB, from which vacuum fluctuations arise, then there are still at least 2 things that require cause.
Code:
   a) the vacuum itself, it is a dimensionably defined area of space. what caused the void?
Code:
    b) the fluctuation itself requires a cause, namely the addition of energy, what caused the addition of energy?
fthere are several other reasons concerning time, and the lack there of, but you cant get to those with out answering these
Quantum mechanics fails to escape the chain of causality even if one assumes there was a quantum system preceding the BB
7. In other words, your god idea isn’t automatically right just because we don’t know the cause of the Big Bang or if the concept of “cause” applies to the Big Bang.
your correct that the concept of G-d isn’t right because we dont know what the non-physical cause is, however we do know that it must be sufficient to create the universe, and that it cannot reasonably be random, in order to create this specific universe.

as to the concept of cause applying to the BB, i will repeat the above refutation for clarity

for what reason should one assume that ‘cause’ is not required in the case of the universe, when it applies to every constituent part of it?

thats similar to saying something like ‘my cells need oxygen to survive, but my body doesn’t.’

its non sensical to say that all of the parts of the universe require cause, yet the universe as a whole does not.
  1. There’s always going to be the problem of infinite regress unless we draw the line somewhere and say “uncaused cause.” I draw the line at matter itself
since matter cannot create itself, i see no rational, or logical reason to draw the line there. that fact would seem to be indicative that the line cannot reasonably be drawn there.

further, we cant always have the problem of infinite regress, either. the regression stops at a non-physical cause, because, as above, there is no rational reason for the non-physical to be held to the same laws of physics, time and causality as the physical.
  1. Honestly, warpspeedpetey, it’s frustrating talking to you because you don’t even acknowledge the points I raise. You just go on posting the same tired nonsense without even attempting to address anything I say
a refutation is an acknowledgement, it says i believe you are wrong for X reason. this isn’t about emotion, its about intellectual endeavors to the truth. cowboy up.
  1. Please go back and read what I said carefully. No one is claiming that matter caused itself or that it came from nothing.
you seem to be claiming that it came from a vacuum fluctuation, i refuted that argument by showing that you are relying on a theory, with no evidence, namely a quantum system pre existing the BB, and then pointing out at least 2 reasons that any such system would require a cause to exist.
  1. if the best evidence you have for your god is some specious reasoning that starts with “everything has a cause” and ends with “Magic Man doesn’t need a cause,” then I’m sorry, you have no evidence for your position. Anyone with a shred of intellectual honesty would laugh in the face of such embarassing arguments.
refutation.

a search on amazon of “the philosophy of aquinas” turns up 4813 results, he has influenced all of western philosophy, and has been treated by most major philosophers, and has a university named after him.

he also wrote a quite popular book called the summa theologica, you may have heard of it

that said, notice that i followed each argument you made with a refutation based on a rational or logical argument. i try not to simply make statements.

you must have a reason to hold some position, opinion is inadequate, as are statements with no supporting logic or argumentation.

please respond to my refutations in a like manner. with your own refutations based on rational and logical ideas.

then the truth may be found, with intellectual discourse.
 
Since no one payed any attention to my last comments, not that I am anyone to begin with, but it seems the person needing some kind of written proof need to read the Summa Theologica of St Thomas Aquinas who explains all of this and refutes all the arguements listed here.

You have my prayers!
 
Since no one payed any attention to my last comments, not that I am anyone to begin with, but it seems the person needing some kind of written proof need to read the Summa Theologica of St Thomas Aquinas who explains all of this and refutes all the arguements listed here.

You have my prayers!
hey! your giving away the secret recipe! ixnay on the quinasay!
 
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