Fasting and Abstinence... during Advent. When was the last time this was the case?

  • Thread starter Thread starter AlbertDerGrosse
  • Start date Start date
Status
Not open for further replies.
A

AlbertDerGrosse

Guest
This is a multifaceted question, and so I expect a whole heck of a lot of thread drift…

We frequently hear about Advent’s supposed penitential nature, what with the violet in the vestments and all, yet there doesn’t seem to be any of the quintessentially Catholic forms of penance: fast and abstinence. It seems to be common knowledge that Advent used to be a truly penitential season with an associated period of fast/abstinence, and there are vestiges of this in certain cultures that celebrate a sort of “Advent Mardi Gras” in terms of carnival-like festivities on or around St. Martin’s Day (15 November). Given the increased focus on fast and abstinence in particular, and penance in general, that has occurred following the most recent sex scandal I’d like to incorporate something into my dietary practices for Advent this year. More importantly, I’d like to incorporate something that has some kind of historical continuity with the traditions of the Church. I’d much rather revive a dormant/dead Advent tradition than create one myself out of whole cloth. Why reinvent the wheel, right?

Problem is, it’s starting to look like Western Christendom gave up the Advent Fast a long time ago; Some time before even the early 20th century, as the 1917 CIC has nothing to say about Advent specifically. Oddly enough it still has the vestiges of Saturday abstinence during Lent and no abstinence whatsoever on any Wednesday of the year except Ash Wednesday (Wednesdays of Embertide, Rogationtide, and Vigils notwithstanding). I’ve managed to find a very obscure reference to a dispensation given by Irish bishops in the late 18th century to their faithful allowing them to transfer their Advent Saturday obligation to Wednesdays, yet nothing that specifically mentions that obligation to begin with (and whether that obligation was only for the Irish or if it was universal).

So I’m hoping the brilliant minds of CAF can help me out! Do ya’ll know anything about the history of Advent fast and/or abstinence in the Latin Church? When was the last time the Church required anything during Advent? Was there ever anything universally established? When was Advent last treated like pre-conciliar Lent: i.e. every day, except for Sunday, a day of fast and (at least) partial abstinence? Did Wednesdays factor into this at all as something special?

I’m particularly curious about Wednesdays since it has come to my attention that the Canons Regular of the New Jerusalem require their priests to abstain year round on Wednesdays (while fasting and abstaining on Fridays), with an added fast on the Wednesdays of Advent. Assuming they haven’t imposed these disciplines capriciously there must be some kind of continuity with the tradition of the greater Church (or so goes my thinking).

So here’s a big, wide, open thread for all of us to talk about fasting and abstinence during Advent, both general and specific (though the more specific the more helpful!).

Happy November everyone! May God have mercy on the souls of all our loved ones departed, and may they rest eternally in peace.
 
Last edited:
I was going to recommend catholicallyear.com. Kendra is technically a Catholic mom blogger, but she is also a liturgical year guru. She recently published a book regarding the liturgical year. She is very responsive to email and on her various social media accounts. If anyone would know she would.
 
A lot of religious orders still have Advent as a fasting season, as well as “St. Michael’s Lent” and other penitential seasons.

It was pretty typical throughout Europe, until the last hundred years or so, to celebrate Advent as a sort of subdued season even in Protestant countries; and then Christmas and the twelve days of Christmas afterward were a very merry time. I’m afraid that the recent Christmas shopping season (which largely originated in Protestant countries) got rid of a lot of that.

(In Puritan/Presbyterian areas, they didn’t celebrate Christmas at all. So they sort of had an extended penitential Advent without calling it that, just to make a point that they were not celebrating Christmas in any way!)
 
Gueranger says that in the 400’s, people were already observing a fast three times a week (probably the usual fasting days of Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday) during Advent. It was less strict than Lent, but stricter than fasting during the normal year. By Charlemagne’s time, this fasting period started right after November 11, St. Martin’s Day. (But you had a really big post-harvest meal on St. Martin’s Day, and probably roast goose.)

But during and after that, there was a lot of push to reduce Advent from 40 days back to 4 weeks. At the same time, there was a push to fast every single day during the four-week Advent.

Gueranger shows Advent practices going all over the place, until it was felt in the 1300’s that it was pretty extraordinary for clerics to abstain from meat every day during Advent. There were periodic attempts to encourage a more penitential Advent, all the way until the present day.

St. Philip’s Lent or Nativity Lent, over in the East, is still a fasting season, but not a “black fast” without fish, oil, or wine. Their actual Lent is a lot tougher (although individuals may receive dispensation from a lot of stuff, according to their strength or lack of it).

Shrug. There’s nothing stopping individuals from doing abstinence, fasting, prayer, alms, and so forth. If we want to revive Advent as a more penitential season, we need to do something about it ourselves.
 
Fast and abstinence usually varies by country. In Canada the last time we had fast and abstinence during Advent was the late 60s. I remember that traditionally Christmas Eve was a day of fast and abstinence. Then for a year or two we were given a choice of observing this fast and abstinence on either the 23rd or the 24th. Then it was gone.
 
I’m not the best person to mention this, but do you think it’d be super cool if both the East and the West started sharing traditions, could that be a form of ecumenism that all Catholics could enjoy and get enriched from?
 
Well, I think that in the past the traditions were similar. The west has toned down alot of them and of course has developed new ones (first communion and reversing the order of the Sacraments of Initiation come to mind). I think that perhaps a better idea would be for the West to reclaim some of their traditions.
 
I’m very familiar with the Rogation and Ember Days, as well as the vigils we can fast and abstain for. Even though the 1960 ordo abolished the Vigils of the Immaculate Conception and All Saints I still fast for those (it’s quite hard being a young 30-something going to a Halloween party and abstaining from meat and alcohol!). I still keep the Vigil of the Epiphany also, and I lament its passing, along with the corresponding Octave and the Octave of the Ascension, but that’s for another more complaint oriented thread. 😛

That article from CNA is a goldmine! It popped up on a Google search before I came here begging for answers, but I overlooked it expecting it to be a waste of time. Boy was a wrong! That was exactly what I was looking for. Thank you!
 
It is so incredibly tempting… but my birthday is Thanksgiving week. I pity my roommate whose late-March birthday is almost always “ruined” by Lent (for certain hyperbolic values of “ruined”). I’d also really like to stick with the traditions of my own patrimony before venturing out to others, though I’m certainly not against such especially since it’s starting to seem that the Latin West has never had a firm tradition one way or the other in regards to Advent, and whatever was there in antiquity has been preserved by none other than the Byzantines, Copts, Assyrians, Syriacs, et. al.

After reading Elizabeth’s CNA link it looks like the only real generalizations that can be made is that at any given time people in the Medieval West would fast and/or abstain for at least three days, these days varying among the people, the scope of the fast varying among those taking part, in some cases it only involving priests and religious and in others involving everyone. They may’ve been black fasts or they may’ve been simple days of abstinence. It’s all so hard to tell.

Perhaps I should give Philip’s Fast another consideration. Though to be honest, despite the allowance of fish, oil, and wine, I don’t know if I can go without dairy, eggs, and oil. Going vegetarian is orders of magnitude easier than going vegan. I did a black fast during Passiontide this last year and I got to say that was the most brutal form of penance I’ve ever done. The first week I spent the daylight hours consulting ingredient labels just to be disappointed in yet more things I couldn’t eat. The brain fog that followed made coming up with a modest yet nutritious dinner so difficult that I usually just broke the fast with raw vegetables with no seasoning. That’s not to mention the mortifyingly difficult bread-and-water fast of Holy Week. The thought of doing that again for SIX weeks in WINTER is already prompting the sad grown man tears. You Orthodox and Eastern Catholics have mad respect from me!

I was already leaning toward making every week of Advent an Ember Week (fast and abstain every Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday), and given the frequent recurrence of three days in the aforementioned link I’m now inclined to do so. As an aside I’d like to know why Mondays were considered days of F&A (per that link). I get Wednesdays and Fridays as being the days our Lord was betrayed and crucified, respectively; and Saturday being an early extension of that earlier Friday fast and abstinence. But what significance does Monday have?
 
FWIW in the East the rule seems to be “do what you can”…don’t’ attempt so much that you fall down, better to do a little well than do a lot poorly.

We always take Thanksgiving off anyways. If we have a family birthday that falls during a fast (daughter, son and husband always do) we take those days off as well. If there is a big feast day like St. Nick’s or St. Andrew’s Day or St. Patrick’s Day we relax the Fast. I can’t do the traditional vegan fast anyway due to health issues (I have to eat low carb) but I do give up other things and try to pray more. I wish I could do vegan b/c it’s WAY cheaper lol! But we don’t’ eat out and limit things like that also during these times so that helps.

As a rule we try to be meat free on all Weds and Fridays (except the Fast free periods or if we have a feastday or birthday). But I’m not sure I could go complete vegetarian during the long fasts since I’m limited in what I can eat.
 
Last edited:
I believe I heard once, though I might not be correct, that Advent, though still being a penitential season, was more toned down than Lent, and it was more about supplication and anticipation rather than penance, becuase violet also signifies supplication.
 
I’ve heard that as well. I know that the Byzantine practice is to use red vestments during the Nativity Fast and not purple (which is used during Great Lent).
 
This I still the case in the east. We Byzantines start the Nativity Fast November 15.

ZP
 
So, how are you going to treat all the feasts that occur between the first Sunday of advent and epiphany? I believe there are 25.
 
Last edited:
Epiphany!? I have enough trouble getting through a meager fast and abstinence on Christmas Eve. I can’t imagine extending that after Christmas and through New Years. Are there even any traditions that fast during that time?

This will be the first year I’ve done anything during Advent more than Ember Week and the standard year-round Friday abstinence, and since I’m leaning toward an extended Ember Week throughout the duration of Advent, that’s just three extra sets of three days a pop. I think it’ll be manageable. Generally speaking I only exempt myself from whatever fasting I’ve imposed on myself on Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation. Since Ember Days never involve a Sunday that just leaves the one and only December Holy Day I need to look out for: the Immaculate Conception, which is a Saturday this year, so there goes one of the 9 extra days imposed! I’m considering beefing up the fast as I get closer to Christmas (a sort of Nativity analogue to Easter’s Holy Week). Perhaps I’ll ditch the eggs and cheese when the O Antiphons begin (17 Dec), or extend what I’m already doing beyond the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday of that week.
 
It just dawned on me that you might’ve meant Christmas instead of Epiphany, and the “25 feasts” is a joke about secular society’s tendency to turn every single day from Thanksgiving onward into a mini-Christmas, in which case, YES! All those feast days are going to be brutal! Secular Advent just isn’t the same without eggs (baked goods) and booze (why do we need more than one office party?) … Oh my goodness. I’m going to have to sit through my boss’ stupid stories she’s told for the 100th time without the aid of alcohol! It’s not too late to change my mind, right? 😛
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top