I havent read any of the replies above so I don’t know if anyone has answered this, but my answer (as a medical professional) are in line with the Church’s answer & they are…
a- In theory the woman could have a ‘fertility test’: this would be a blood test to check whether she is ovulating, and/or an ultrasound test to check on the presence of eggs in her ovaries etc.
However, if you are menstruating regularly (give or take 5-10 days), then you are almost certainly ovulating. It would be pretty unlikely to have regular periods and not be ovulating
(by “regular” I don’t mean, exactly the same length each and every single cycle. Very few woman have this. The normal cycle length varies from about 21-35 days)
b- A fertility test for an unmarried man would involve
- hormone tests to check for testosterone levels (but if he has had a normal puberty, with normal body & facial hair, and his voice has broken, it would be pretty unusual for him to have any serious testosterone problems)
- a sperm count assessment to check for number of, and health of, the sperm.
This would NOT be morally acceptable as it would involve the unmarried man mastrubating, which is a mortal sin and should not take place under any circumstances.
If he were married, he could have a sperm assessment if the sperm were collected during an act of intercourse using a special
PERFORATED CONDOM.
THIS IS NOT A REGULAR CONDOM
These devices are PERFORATED and can be obtained from Catholic fertility specialists. They are perforated, so some of the semen still gets out into his wife’s body, but enough is retained for medical assessment.
THIS IS NOT THE SAME AS A NORMAL CONDOM WHICH SHOULD NOT BE USED UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE.
note, I am not addressing the MORALITY of whether fertility testing pre-marriage, should take place. Simpl the morality of what would be involved should it take place.
Some people would argue that you should trust in God and not have fertility testing, especially if you have no reason to suspect any problems.
(About 40-60% of fertility is classed as “unexplained” anyway)
Other’s might say that if you have a significant reason to suspect the woman might have a fertility problem, then it
MAY be legitimate to test her before marriage.