Our society is filled with overindulgent people. Gluttons abound - not fat people. Some people have metabolic disorders and maintaining their weight is difficult.
These are the ways that gluttony was expressed by St. Thomas Aquinas:
Praepropere - eating too soon.
Laute - eating too expensively.
Nimis - eating too much.
Ardenter - eating too eagerly (burningly).
Studiose - eating too daintily (keenly).
Forente - eating wildly (boringly).
Praepropere - Eating when you’re not hungry? Well, it’s not necessarily sinful - but if you eat a full meal because of how delicious it is when you’re not hungry, you’re probably sinning. It doesn’t mean that eating a candy bar because it tastes good is wrong, even if you’re not hungry. God doesn’t want us to reject the good things in life.
Laute - Americans, going out to eat all the time. There’s nothing wrong with going out to eat. If you’re doing it all the time and your money could go toward much better things - there’s a problem.
Nimis - Overeating. Yes, it’s a sin. Overeating every once in a while? Not really a big deal. Don’t overanalyze, but if you’re wasting food by stuffing your face, cooking too much, and not exercising control, this is a sin. Many people in the US are overweight as a direct consequence of this sin.
Ardenter - you’ve been hard at work, you’re tired, hungry, and the food is delicious. There’s nothing wrong with exulting in God’s gifts. However, when the food becomes the celebration and your pleasure from eating is the whole deal, you’re missing something.
I don’t know what St. Thomas meant by the others. However, I see these sins all the time. Americans are so rich it makes gluttony very easy.
The way to counteract gluttony is with fasting. Make yourself abstain. The way that eastern churches fast is remarkable and very strict. It’s been very meaningful to mean in teaching myself self-control and revealing to me how deep my sin of gluttony runs.
Americans could all use a good dose of fasting. And not just from meat. It aggravates me when I hear Catholics moan about not eating meat on Fridays, or skipping a meal on Ash Wednesday or Good Friday. So many people have next to nothing or nothing at all to eat. Learn some self-control. It’s for one day and it doesn’t take much effort at all.