There were really three branches of early Christianity. Pauline, Jewish, and Gnostic. Pauline spread and flourished, the other two eventually vanished.
The gnostics had some very un-Catholic ideas, so their writings should not be treated as a substitute for reading a Catholic Bible or the Catechism. But for historical context and study, they can be interesting.
What we tend to forget is that there were lots of widely beloved texts which did not make the ‘Constantine’ (or later) ‘cuts’. Again, they are not a substitute for Holy Scripture or proper Church teaching, but they can be educational when trying to understand early Christian thinking and divisions.
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I know that the contention of most liberal biblical scholars for the last fifty years or so was that there were a number of different Christainities, but do you really see any proof of this?
Yes, there was a dispute in the early church about whether or not to continue with all the Jewish laws–but that was surely an inevitable and obvious dispute, which, in the evidence we have, seems to have been resolved quickly, first by Peter’s dream and later in the Council of Jerusalem.
Other than that, what real evidence is there for a Pauline and and Jewish branch? Not much.
What we do have is lots of evidence of missionary activity. Not just Paul’s, but many people, some driven out because of persecution and ending up carrying the good news, and some choosing, like Paul, to spend their lives converting as many people as possible. And not only the missionary activity, we have plenty of evidence of letters and messages being sent from city to city. All of this would argue against a separate tradition growing up and growing apart from the rest of Christianity.
As for the gnostics, they were a century later. They seemed to have little to do with Christianity itself. If any group deserves to be called separate, then each and every one of the gnostic schools does. Separate from Christianity and from each other. They were few, and very elitist, and their views were frankly silly. My favorite all time gnostic quote “All women deserve to be killed” from Thomas.
Of course there were many devout things written in the first three centuries, such as the Didache or Shepherd or 1 Clement, that were not put into the bible. They are worth reading, certainly. Especially since they would convince anyone of the fact that the church of the earliest years was against abortion, homosexuality, and essentially teaches what the church teaches today.
But I can’t think of any reason to read the gnostics except for general interest, as a scholar or historian.
What do you think? Do you disagree?
God bless, Annem