While it is true that there is no salvation outside the Church, persons who are not formal members of the Church can be saved by being mystical (non-formal) members. The Church teaches that they can attain to the state of grace by a Baptism of desire. And if their outward rejection of the Church is not an actual mortal sin, then they remain in that state of grace. Therefore, non-Christians who outwardly reject the Church can still be saved, just as Blessed Pope John Paul II taught:
'Since Christ brings about salvation through his Mystical Body, which is the Church, the way of salvation is connected essentially with the Church. The axiom extra ecclesiam nulla salus"–“outside the Church there is no salvation”–stated by St. Cyprian (Epist. 73, 21; PL 1123 AB), belongs to the Christian tradition. It was included in the Fourth Lateran Council (DS 802), in the Bull Unam Sanctam of Boniface VIII (DS 870) and the Council of Florence (Decretum pro Jacobitis, DS 1351). The axiom means that for those who are not ignorant of the fact that the Church has been established as necessary by God through Jesus Christ, there is an obligation to enter the Church and remain in her in order to attain salvation (cf. LG 14). For those, however, who have not received the Gospel proclamation, as I wrote in the Encyclical Redemptoris Missio, salvation is accessible in mysterious ways, inasmuch as divine grace is granted to them by virtue of Christ’s redeeming sacrifice, without external membership in the Church, but nonetheless always in relation to her (cf. RM 10).** It is a mysterious relationship. It is mysterious for those who receive the grace, because they do not know the Church and sometimes even outwardly reject her.** It is also mysterious in itself, because it is linked to the saving mystery of grace, which includes an essential reference to the Church the Savior founded.
‘In order to take effect, saving grace requires acceptance, cooperation, a yes to the divine gift. This acceptance is, at least implicitly, oriented to Christ and the Church. Thus it can also be said that sine ecclesia nulla salus–“without the Church there is no salvation.” Belonging to the Church, the Mystical Body of Christ, however implicitly and indeed mysteriously, is an essential condition for salvation.’ (
Source)
thistle, you are contradicting the teaching of Pope John Paul II and you are misrepresenting the teaching that outside the Church, there is no salvation. For those who know of the Church, they have a moral obligation to enter the Church by baptism. To refuse to do so is objectively a mortal sin. But it might not be an actual mortal sin, if the person does not realize that the Catholic Church is the Ark of salvation, that Jesus is the Son of God, and that the Gospel is the truth of Divine Revelation.
A person who grows up in a Jewish or Muslim family and society, who is surrounded by persons who are non-Christian, might not realize that the Catholic Faith is the truest form of religion. Being fallen sinners in a fallen world, influenced by other sinners, it can easily happen that a Jew or Muslim or other believer does not realize that Christ is the Son of God and the Savior of the world. So they do not commit an actual mortal sin by rejecting Christ and His Church, and therefore they may still be saved.
They become mystical members of the Church by a Baptism of desire. They might not lose the state of grace provided by that Baptism by actual mortal sin. And so they can die in a state of grace and be saved.
By loving truth and justice and their neighbor, a non-Christian, even an atheist or agnostic, can attain to a state of grace and be saved, despite the objective mortal sin of rejecting religion or rejecting the Christian religion.
An act of love is sufficient for the adult to obtain sanctifying grace and to supply the lack of baptism.