How do we respond to questions about the harsh laws of the Old Testament? for example, the various death penalty crimes, which in modern terms, are no big crimes at all, such as failure to keep sabbath etc? A lot of people and liberals are saying that the God of the Old Testament is evil and too strict etc and are asking if Christians actually support such Old Testament laws.
Basically:
- Why did God given the Jews such harsh laws regarding “innocent-looking”/“minor” crimes?
- Does the church support such harsh laws?
- If a Christian was a writer of a constitution of a new Theocracy nation, should they add such harsh laws? Surely it would have no place in modern society, would it?
- Why does Jesus seem to condemn the “eye for an eye” law (lex talionis) [Matt 5:38-39] when it was clearly stated as law in the old testament?
Thanks.
The first problem is that many of the things that are thought to be “harsh” are merely misunderstandings of the Jewish scriptures
some examples:
A Christian reads Judges and believes that a man turned his daughter into a human sacrifice
Of course, she could not be sacrificed, but she also could not work in any capacity, or marry, or be “used for breeding”, for the rest of her life. She lived the rest of her life in seclusion, devoted herself to prayer, never married or had children and never knew a man.
Similarly, an “eye for an eye” in Judaism is not mutilation of a person who has blinded another (nor impunity to the offender if he happens to be blind) but monetary compensation
The Christian reads of a “death penalty” for a particular sin, but has no knowledge of the almost impossible conditions (committing the act in front of at least two witnesses, being warned and continuing to commit the act despite the warning) which made a conviction in a Jewish court virtually impossible. Nor do they have knowledge of the Jewish Sages attitudes against the death penalty Often they do not differentiate between a “Divine punishment” from God and one to be carried out here on earth.
However the main problem,the basis for these and similar threads concerning God in the Jewish scriptures as opposed to the God of the Christian scriptures, has to do both with the different concept of God in the two religions as well as the differences in the perceived relationship between God and man.
God in Judaism has no limitations. The same God who has absolute powers of forgiveness, mercy and justice, also has the absolute power to decide not to forgive, that justice and the benefit of mankind and creation, demand that there will be no forgiveness. This is something that is very difficult, if not impossible for the Christian to accept.
Judaism demands the conscience choice of obligations and responsibilities, it demands the understanding of consequences.
The relationship of the Christian to his God is similar to that of a child to a loving father. No matter what the child does, he/she knows that if they are truly sorry, the father will always forgive them, will always love them.