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In the early Church the Twelve Apostles (while they were alive) formed the governing council or authority of the church. The Twelve form a quorum, which means that their number is fixed at 12; and there has to be a minimum number of them present at any one time to make a quorum—i.e. meaning that their decisions can be considered authoritative and binding on the whole church. In modern LDS scripture it has been revealed that that number is 7. In other words, if 7 members of the quorum meet together in council (the others being absent for whatever reason—sickness, death, having another engagement etc.), they can make decisions that are binding on the remaining Apostles and on the rest of the church. If that number drops below 7, then the quorum is not complete, and they cannot make such decisions. Strictly speaking, Peter was not the “head of the church;” the Quorum of the Twelve was. Peter became the de-facto “head of the church” by virtue of his being the President of the Quorum; but he only enjoys that privilege by virtue of that particular appointment. In other words, if the Quorum of the Twelve is not, Peter does not have a calling as an officer of the church either—until that quorum is once again reestablished, with him at its head! So this idea of Peter passing on his authority to Linus, or to the bishop of Rome, or to the Pope, is not a theologically viable proposition. The authority rests with the Quorum, not with Peter. Where there is no Quorum, Peter by himself does not have the authority to appoint someone to be his successor in the church.If John knew and Peter knew and other apostles knew that John would become a “translated being”, then giving the Petrine authority to Linus was the right thing to do because John (soon to become a “translated being”) can not be the head of the church, he has other responsibilities. That is what Parker told me.
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