Obviously, the choices to deviate from the charism and mandates of the original founders were not made by the laity. They were made by the religious. Something that happened in history, which does not happen today, as much, was the financial preasure that the laity put on religious to get their way.
There is a wonderful example in the life of St. Teresa of Avila. One of the reasons that Carmel needed a reform was the that nuns had become so dependent on the financial support of the laity, that they had placed themselves at the beck and call of the laity. They no longer prayed as the Carmelite tradition said they should. They had people in and out of their houses who wanted to receive spiritual guidance from the nuns, when in fact they were supposed to live an enclosed life. Often, their houses were given to them by the wealthy, with strngs attached. Nuns were often called out of the monastery to spend weeks or months with some woman who was going to have a baby and needed spiritual consolations from them. This whole idea of offering spiritual consolations to the laity sounds good on the surfface, but it’s horrible. These orders were not founded for that purpose. Their service to the laity was to be done in silence and anonymity. The longer the nuns spent among the laity, the more they became like them.
Among the Franciscans we saw the same thing with the ordination of men. During the early days, all kinds of men became brothers. Some were priests, but there were also lawyers, bakers, farmers, teachers, preachers and so forth. When Francis sent the brothers to the four corners of the world the first thing that laity asked was, “What good are you, if you can’t celebrate mass or hear confessions?” The brothers often felt dismissed. They came back to their superiors asking for the Sacrament of Holy Orders. Eventually, the order ordained so many that we had a surplus of priests.
Such a large number of ordained brothers may look good to the layman in the pew. It’s horrible to those of us who have to live in these houses when men skip community events because they have to celebrate a parish mass or hear confessions. It tears a house apart. It complicates things when you want to assign a group of brothers to run a parish, but none of them are priests. People get upset if you don’t bring a priest. They don’t realize that the brothers come to the parish to teach the Gospel, to convert Catholics back to the Catholic faith and to teach the faithful to live the Catholic faith according to the spirit and vision of St. Francis of Assisi. They always have a brother or two who comes from another house for mass on Sundays and confessions on Saturdays or they borrow a priest from another religious order or from among the diocesan priests, many of whom teach all wee or do administrative work and want to celebrate sacraments on weekend. What these men often did was to succumb to the preasure.
Today, Vatican II has said, that we cannot succumb to the preasure. St. Francis did not do so. If a parish or diocese did not accept the friars as the Holy Spirit inspired them to live and be, they simply went on to another place.
When it comes to religious orders, I believe that the key is for the religious to make it clear why there are there and what their charism is. The laity is to understand the charism and to accept it as is, not try to get the religious to accommodate to their needs. This the only way that we’re going to get back to the 13th century, which is where we want to go.
Fraternally,
Br. JR, OSF