It’s pretty clear in the Catechism of the Catholic Church:
2215 Respect for parents (filial piety) derives from gratitude toward those who, by the gift of life, their love and their work, have brought their children into the world and enabled them to grow in stature, wisdom, and grace. "With all your heart honor your father, and do not forget the birth pangs of your mother. Remember that through your parents you were born; what can you give back to them that equals their gift to you?"19
2216 Filial respect is shown by true docility and obedience. "My son, keep your father’s commandment, and forsake not your mother’s teaching. . . . When you walk, they will lead you; when you lie down, they will watch over you; and when you awake, they will talk with you."20 "A wise son hears his father’s instruction, but a scoffer does not listen to rebuke."21
2217 As long as a child lives at home with his parents, the child should obey his parents in all that they ask of him when it is for his good or that of the family. "Children, obey your parents in everything, for this pleases the Lord."22 Children should also obey the reasonable directions of their teachers and all to whom their parents have entrusted them. But if a child is convinced in conscience that it would be morally wrong to obey a particular order, he must not do so.
As they grow up, children should continue to respect their parents. They should anticipate their wishes, willingly seek their advice, and accept their just admonitions. **Obedience toward parents ceases with the emancipation of the children; not so respect, which is always owed to them. **This respect has its roots in the fear of God, one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit.
2218 The fourth commandment reminds grown children of their responsibilities toward their parents. As much as they can, they must give them material and moral support in old age and in times of illness, loneliness, or distress. Jesus recalls this duty of gratitude.
**2230 When they become adults, children have the right and duty to choose their profession and state of life. **They should assume their new responsibilities within a trusting relationship with their parents, willingly asking and receiving their advice and counsel. Parents should be careful not to exert pressure on their children either in the choice of a profession or in that of a spouse. This necessary restraint does not prevent them - quite the contrary from giving their children judicious advice, particularly when they are planning to start a family.
From the legal point of view in the USA:
When the word emancipation is used in a legal context, it typically means that a minor child has been freed from the control of his or her parents. Before children reach the age of legal competence they are subject to the control and custody of their parents - parents even have a right to minors’ earnings. Emancipation before a child reaches the legal age of majority is most commonly achieved through a minor’s successful petition in the proper state court. However, in many states emancipation is not available through court petition, but only through automatic emancipation.
Automatic Emancipation
About half of the states do not provide a special court procedure for emancipation, so emancipation can only be achieved automatically, if a minor does one of the following:
- Gets married - Each state has a different minimum age before you are able to legally marry. To find the minimum legal age of marriage for your state, go to FindLaw’s State Marriage Age Requirements and select your state. You’ll find a chart showing all marriage age requirements for the state, and whether or not you’ll need parental consent to marry. Here are the marriage age requirements for Michigan and New York.
- Joins the Armed Forces - You must be 17 to join, and if you are below the age of 18 you need your parent’s permission
- Reaches the age of majority – The age of majority is 18 in most states, but varies. To find the age of majority in your state, go to FindLaw’s State Legal Ages Laws and select your state. For example, here are the legal age laws for Louisiana and Hawaii.
Remember that even if your state does provide a court procedure for emancipation, you can still reach emancipation automatically through one of the above options.
States with Unique Regulations
In Alabama and Nebraska, the age of majority is 19. In Mississippi majority is reached at 21, but emancipation can be granted by court decree at any age. The state of Michigan allows for a temporary automatic emancipation when minors are in police custody and emergency medical care is required. The minors are considered emancipated and allowed to consent to such care. This emancipation ends when the medical care or treatment is completed.