The atoms aren’t getting anything out of the reaction for themselves as individuals. They aren’t alive and don’t have goals.
The reaction that converts H2 and O2 to H2O requires less energy than the reverse reaction. Thus, over time, you’re going to have more cases of the water molecule forming than of it breaking apart. That’s all
Some plants have evolved to
use their edibility. Their seeds are spread through the droppings of the animals that eat them.
Evolution does not operate on an individual level. That some plants die is not necessarily going to spur further change as long as the species as a whole is still able to reproduce.
In the case of plant edibility, it is the animals that have evolved to gain energy from eating plants rather than directly from the sun. All living things need energy to continue living, and except for weird cases near ocean-floor vents, all the ones on earth ultimately get that energy from the sun. Some get it directly (plants); others by eating the plants; still others by eating the ones that have eaten the plants.
The earth has a considerable range of environmental conditions, so I’m not sure what you mean by “the exact same.”
Again, I’m not sure I get what you are saying.
Evolution does not have a purpose or a goal. It’s just something that, as far as we can tell, happens when certain conditions are true:
- Living things pass on their traits to their offspring.
- However, traits are passed on in such a way (usually via sexual reproduction) that no offspring is identical to its parents or siblings.
- Those differences in traits make a difference as to which offspring survive to have their own offspring (and pass on their traits).
Just because those conditions exist, without any outside intervention, traits that grant a survival advantage in the current environment will spread as generations pass.
A creature born with a trait that lets it practice an entirely new way of obtaining food and other resources has the advantage of a lack of competition, and so that new trait is likely to spread. In later generations, even more useful refinements of the new trait might appear and spread in turn, eventually causing the altered population to diverge completely from the original one.
Usagi
Usagi