Jesus instructed the people and his disciples about the Eucharist in Jn 6:26-68. It’s a long passage that tells a story.
It starts with bread: Jesus knows that the people followed Him because He had fed them physically, and He tells them they should seek “the food which endures to eternal life, which the Son of man will give to you.”
They ask what to do to “be doing the works of God.” He tells them to believe in Him. They ask Him for a sign, mentioning the manna in the wilderness. He replies, “it was not Moses who gave you the bread from heaven; my Father gives you the true bread from heaven. For the bread of God is that which comes down from heaven, and gives life to the world.” They replied, “Lord, give us this bread always.”
Jesus replies, "“I am the bread of life; he who comes to me shall not hunger, and he who believes in me shall never thirst. … For this is the will of my Father, that every one who sees the Son and believes in him should have eternal life; and I will raise him up at the last day.”
The Jews objected to His saying He came down from Heaven. He ends that discussion with the first mention of the Eucharist:
“This is the bread which comes down from heaven, that a man may eat of it and not die. I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if any one eats of this bread, he will live for ever; and the bread which I shall give for the life of the world is my flesh.”
There follows the passage that proves our need for the Eucharist:
“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his blood, you have no life in you; **** he who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed. He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him.**** As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so he who eats me will live because of me. ****This is the bread which came down from heaven, not such as the fathers ate and died; he who eats this bread will live for ever.” John 6:53-58 (RSV)
Notice He says **four **times that we must eat His flesh and drink His blood to have life, to have eternal life, to abide in Him, and to live. That’s pretty specific!
[Added to the three mentions in the previous passage, of bread together with life, that makes seven times, and seven, in Jewish tradition, is the covenantal number. Thus, the Eucharist is a covenant!]
This is followed by many disciples leaving Him. Protestants will say that He was only speaking figuratively, that He meant His “flesh and blood” to mean His teachings. But why would disciples leave Him if this was true? No, they left because He had asked them to do something against Jewish law - to drink blood - and against natural law - to eat human flesh.
And He tells us that doing so will give us eternal life!
Ruthie