Historians have known for some time that the popular view of the Spanish Inquisition
is only part of the “Black Legend”-that body of writings which, since the 16th century,
has vilified both Spain and its Catholic faith. In the 16th century, Catholic Spain was the great continental power. Her Protestant enemies were jealous of Spain and many
resorted to lies to help bring down Spanish power and control. Spaniards were
described by Northern Europeans as dark, cruel, greedy, treacherous, ignorant, and
narrow. The Inquisition was fiercely attacked with gross exaggeration. Thus, a
combination of political rivalry, contempt for the Catholic faith, and anti-Spanish
racism created a distorted image of the Inquisition. …
Modern Spanish scholars point out that other nations have worse records than Spain in
dealing with heretics. English Catholics suffered horribly under Protestant regimes.
American historian William T. Walsh writes: “In Britain, 30,000 went to the stake for
witchcraft; in Protestant Germany, the figure was 100,000” (, p. 275).
In Scotland, too, alleged witches were cruelly put to death. Karl Keating quotes from
the : “It is well-known that belief in the justice of punishing
heresy with death was so common among the 16th-century Reformers-Luther, Zwingli,
Calvin, and their adherents-that we may say their toleration began where their power
ended” (C.E., s.v., “Inquisition,” 8:35). Such facts are embarrassing to lovers of the Black Legend.