How did ante Nicene Christians celebrate Mass?

[jas84173]

I’m curious do we have any primary sources on how Mass was celebrated the first few centuries? Does it at all resemble Mass today? If so does it resemble the OF or EF more?

 

[FrDavid96]

St Hippolytus of Rome (born circa 170) gives one account.

He wrote the Apostolic Tradition.

It’s not anything like a Missal of today. More of a narrative (kind of, sort of).

There was also a female saint who wrote about her early pilgrimage to Jerusalem. I can’t recall her name right now. It is more of a daily diary, so it is not a liturgical text as such. It’s her own observations. Maybe someone can jog my memory.

 

[AveOTheotokos]

Look up the writings of Justin Martyr from around 155AD

 

[AveOTheotokos]

”But we, after we have thus washed him who has been convinced and has assented to our teaching, bring him to the place where those who are called brethren are assembled, in order that we may offer hearty prayers in common for ourselves and for the baptized [illuminated] person, and for all others in every place, that we may be counted worthy, now that we have learned the truth, by our works also to be found good citizens and keepers of the commandments, so that we may be saved with an everlasting salvation.

Having ended the prayers, we salute one another with a kiss. There is then brought to the president of the brethren bread and a cup of wine mixed with water; and he taking them, gives praise and glory to the Father of the universe, through the name of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, and offers thanks at considerable length for our being counted worthy to receive these things at His hands.

And when he has concluded the prayers and thanksgivings, all the people present express their assent by saying Amen. This word Amen answers in the Hebrew language to ge’noito [so be it].

And when the president has given thanks, and all the people have expressed their assent, those who are called by us deacons give to each of those present to partake of the bread and wine mixed with water over which the thanksgiving was pronounced, and to those who are absent they carry away a portion…”

 

[AveOTheotokos]

“And this food is called among us Eucharistia [the Eucharist], of which no one is allowed to partake but the man who believes that the things which we teach are true, and who has been washed with the washing that is for the remission of sins, and unto regeneration, and who is so living as Christ has enjoined.
For not as common bread and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh by the Word of God, had both flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh.” - (Justin Martyr, First Apology, 66)

https://www.wordonfire.org/resources/blog/st-justin-martyr-on-the-eucharist-and-the-ancient-mass/18543/

 

[PaulfromIowa]

I’m curious do we have any primary sources on how Mass was celebrated the first few centuries? Does it at all resemble Mass today? If so does it resemble the OF or EF more?

There was a serious effort following Vatican II to make the Mass more like the early Liturgy. The Early Church’s liturgy was in Greek, not Latin, so would not have been called by the Latin term Mass.