Here we run up against a terminology that is not sufficiently standardized, causing disagreements among those who might mean the same thing. For instance, Fr. Amorth, one of our most prominent modern exorcists, rejects distinctions among exorcisms and says, basically, “Using the official rite of exorcism from the Ritual with the authorization of the bishop is the only thing that deserves the term.” Thus he often refers to his diagnostic and lower-level work as “blessings;” still, in other parts of his writing he routinely calls these exorcisms as well, a turn of phrase he explicitly rejected. So maybe we should avoid using the word “exorcism” in sketching the landscape.
- Any baptized Catholic can pray for deliverance from demonic influence; I might even go so far to say they can command spirits, in Jesus’ name, to depart. These are always, however, private prayers. A priest who is not deputed to use the Rite of Exorcism also can expel demons in this way, through his private prayer, though Fr. Amorth considers it likely more powerful* than a layman’s prayer because the priest possesses a ministerial and not simply baptismal priesthood.
- With a delegation from the bishop, a priest may expel demons using the Rite of Exorcism. This is the most powerful form of exorcism because it commands demons with the authority of the Church, and thus of Her Head.
- The fact that other individuals do not follow Christ faithfully does not prevent them from casting out demons in His name. We know this on Christ’s own testimony.
Mark 9:37-38: "John answered him, saying: Master, we saw one casting out devils in thy name, who followeth not us, and we forbade him. But Jesus said: Do not forbid him. For there is no man that doth a miracle in my name, and can soon speak ill of me.
Matt 7:22-23: “Many will say to me in that day: Lord, Lord, have not we prophesied in thy name, and cast out devils in thy name, and done many miracles in thy name? And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, you that work iniquity.”