How do we know Jesus is the Messiah?

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JDGaney, I said I would lead up to Mr. Asher Norman’s reference-link on the Suffering Servant Songs and Norman’s denial of Jesus being seen in them by him.

Asher Norman is the author of the book, Twenty-Six Reasons Why Jews Don’t Believe in Jesus. This is a book that had so many ideas I take issue with, I wouldn’t know where to begin in a forum like this to criticize them all. In one section of his book Norman censures translations of Christian Bibles for being “mistranslated” (p.92) and states: “phrases were invented and tenses were altered” (p. 92) concerning Isaiah 7:14. Norman then quotes a Jewish Stone Edition English translation (on p. 93) using present-tense language in Isaiah 7:14b to try to indict Christian translators concerning Christian tense translation here.

The several-fold problem with Mr. Norman’s assertion, is that he doesn’t give you the whole verse when he quotes it—just the second half of the verse (the first half of the verse from the Stone Edition—Jewish translation that he alludes to, suggests future tense but alas, Norman did not cite the whole verse).

Mr. Norman also fails to tell you of other English Jewish translations in the past that have used the exact same tense-translation (here for example) in the second half of Isaiah 7:14 as some Christian translations of the same verse.

Norman also fails to tell the reader explicitly that some Christian Bibles DO use a present tense in the second half of Isaiah 7:14.

This suggests to me some tense-ambiguity in the text and not collusion by Christian translators or anyone else.

Which aspects of the verse (Isaiah 7:14) do you believe, the present-tense or the future-tense? Hopefully you affirm all of the aspects of the verse.

Instead Mr. Norman seems to me to impugn Christian translator’s motives stating concerning Isaiah 7:14 (p. 93 bold and UL in quote below mine):
The text in Isaiah is a non-messianic prophecy that is **manipulated **in the Christian translation, which utilizes mistranslation, tense changes, and taking the verses out of context to **falsify **a so-called “messianic prophecy” about Jesus.
There were many other issues I saw regarding Norman’s criticism of how Christians see Isaiah 7:14.

I had frequent disagreements about many other conclusions Norman drew in his book on other subjects as well. But as I said, this is not the place to go over Mr. Norman’s assertions that I disagree with in detail.

JDGaney, Mr. Norman attributes the Suffering Servant of Isaiah corporately as the “Jewish people” in the link you cited in post number one.

Norman discusses why the Suffering Servant is talked of in a plural sense AND in a singular sense in the Suffering Servant verses, then he concludes it must therefore refer to the “Jewish people” in the plural sense ONLY.

I see what Mr. Norman is affirming (the Suffering Servant being corporately the Jewish people) and I don’t necessarily take issue with that concept.

Norman takes this one-interpretation-ONLY approach on other theological discussion points in his book too (such as Isaiah 7:14 that we already touched upon).

One thing I DO take issue with here is that Mr. Norman seems to fail to see a relatively immediate fulfillment in the singular sense too—which almost certainly points to the prophet Isaiah himself.

Which aspects of the Suffering Servant Songs do you affirm, the individual sense or the corporate sense? Hopefully you affirm all of the aspects of the verses.

But that is still not all.

Since Mr. Norman does not see Catholicism as fulfilled Judaism, he cannot see that there is another layer to the Suffering Servant Songs that goes beyond seeing Isaiah in a singular sense, and the Jewish people in a corporate sense that yields even yet a deeper fulfillment.

This fulfillment would include Jesus in a singular sense as the ultimate layer of meaning as the epitome of the Suffering Servant; and secondarily a sense of all of us as Christians in a corporate sense (or what we would call, “The Mystical Body of Christ”) as “the Suffering Servant”. We already saw the US Bishops assert the possibility of various layers of meaning concerning the Suffering Servant Songs in post 18 . . . .
Perhaps it refers to the prophet Isaiah himself, perhaps the entire nation of Israel, or possibly the promised Messiah. Christian faith sees these prophetic utterances fulfilled in the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus the Lord.
This multi-layered verse meaning (“compenetration”) is something that can only be “seen” with grace. A “pep-talk” wouldn’t do it.
  • Prefigurement Sense of Suffering Servant = Ethnic Jewish people in a corporate sense, Isaiah in a singular sense.
  • Fulfillment Sense of Suffering Servant = Christian people in a corporate sense, Jesus in a singular sense (and in an ultimate fulfillment sense).
There are even other possible layers to these Suffering Servant verses. Examples would concern the Domestic Church of the home, the Blessed Virgin Mary, or layers of the Covenant in general (which I will not get into about here but can be seen elsewhere such as the links I provided).

continued . . .
 
Some insightful CCC statements concerning Jesus and the Suffering Servant Songs:

CCC 601 The Scriptures had foretold this divine plan of salvation through the putting to death of “the righteous one, my Servant” as a mystery of universal redemption, that is, as the ransom that would free men from the slavery of sin. Citing a confession of faith that he himself had “received”, St. Paul professes that “Christ died for our sins in accordance with the scriptures.” In particular Jesus’ redemptive death fulfills Isaiah’s prophecy of the suffering Servant. Indeed Jesus himself explained the meaning of his life and death in the light of God’s suffering Servant. After his Resurrection he gave this interpretation of the Scriptures to the disciples at Emmaus, and then to the apostles.

And also . . . .

CCC 608 After agreeing to baptize him along with the sinners, John the Baptist looked at Jesus and pointed him out as the “Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world”. By doing so, he reveals that **Jesus **is at the same time the suffering Servant who silently allows himself to be led to the slaughter and who bears the sin of the multitudes, and also the Paschal Lamb, the symbol of Israel’s redemption at the first Passover. Christ’s whole life expresses his mission: “to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

Christians (the “Mystical Body of Christ”) are mystically united to Jesus the Messiah in a profound way following in “the footsteps of Christ the Lord.”

CCC 1477b . . . . In the treasury, too, are the prayers and good works of all the saints, all those who have followed in the footsteps of Christ the Lord and by his grace have made their lives holy and carried out the mission in the unity of the Mystical Body."

Jesus of course has many prefigurements in the Old Testament. That’s WHY in Luke 24:25-27 Jesus explains this concept to the disciples along the road but seeing Scripture in this way must ALSO be accompanied by grace otherwise these layers cannot be seen.

To get more insights into using the layered prefigurement and fulfillment (historically some in the Church have referred to this as the 4 Senses of Sacred Scripture - see CCC 114-119) way of viewing the Scriptures to delve deeply into the mysteries, there are some good examples of this type of viewing of Sacred Scripture . . .

Dr. Brant Pitre gives a very good talk about Jesus as the New Moses and Jesus as the New Passover (see theholyeucharist.com/). If you go there **quickly **Dr. Pitre is still giving the audio away for free! (or video—whichever you’d like). I would go there quickly though as these types of give-aways often don’t last long.

Or if you would like more depth on the Jewish roots of the Mass, Dr. Pitre has available this fine book that I can recommend: Jesus and the Jewish Roots of the Eucharist or this excellent audio series that I also own and have listened to and recommend: *** The Bible and The Mass: The Jewish Roots of Christian Liturgy***. I have no financial association with Pitre’s items (etc. below, other than purchasing them) so I feel at ease recommending them. Although Pitre has nothing that I recall directly on the Suffering Servant in the above works, you will still get a greater appreciation of principles of various layers of meaning and on how to look at the Temple-Jewish roots of our Catholic faith with Pitre’s insightful items.

Another insightful work on the idea of multi-layered verse-interpretation (compenetration) is Dr. Taylor Marshall’s book (that he wrote prior to his Doctorate) The Crucified Rabbi. Review here.

Also reading Dr. Scott Hahn’s book, A Father Who Keeps His Promises would also be a great choice and is also avail. as an audio book (sample here). Dr. Hahn also gives a tremendous talk on the Paschal Sacrifice here. Incidentally, Dr. Hahn has an amazing personal testimony here that if you have not yet heard would be worth listening to.

continued . . .
 
In conclusion . . .

There is a close foundational bond between fulfilled-Temple Judaism (Catholics) and rabbinic Judaism that is often seen when viewed in Covenantal terms. As Hebrew-Catholic and author of the outstanding book Salvation Is From The Jews, Roy Schoeman states in an article (see article part 1 and part 2):
The only way to understand the relationship between the two covenants is to see that Judaism is nothing other than pre-Messianic Catholicism, and that the Catholic Church is nothing other than post-Messianic Judaism. They are one and the same religion, separated only by the change in the nature of the relationship between God and Man that came about as a result of the central event in the history of the world, the incarnation of God as Man. All of the differences, and all of the similarities, between the two flow from this fact.
St. Paul always saw Christianity (“the way”) as fulfilled Judaism and matter-of-factly implies as such in Acts 24 . . . .

ACTS 24:14-16 14 But this I admit to you, that according to the Way, which they call a sect, I worship the God of our fathers, believing everything laid down by the law or written in the prophets, 15 having a hope in God which these themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust. 16 So I always take pains to have a clear conscience toward God and toward men.

Difficulties with the concept of seeing an eternal fulfilled aspect of Scripture passages is compounded if your ultimate messianic fulfillment is mere earthly political harmony as the fulfillment of “peace” and not a spiritual peace of us with God the Father that we could never attain in the flesh because of our own sinful nature and our own sins.

Yes we can seek BOTH political “peace” and peace with the Father, but our peace with the Father must come first and foremost—anything less (such as the “Pax Romana” around the time when Jesus was born) is secondary. Christians see a peace “not as the world gives” (John 14:27).

Many of the people in Jesus’ day looked for mere political conviviality as evidence of “peace” and the coming of the Messiah. The Roman Catechism and the CCC discuss this concept.

**ROMAN CATECHISM ** For the kingdoms of this world are earthly and transient, and are based upon wealth and the power of the flesh; but the kingdom of Christ is not, as the Jews expected, earthly, but spiritual and eternal.

**CCC 439 ** Many Jews and even certain Gentiles who shared their hope recognized in Jesus the fundamental attributes of the messianic “Son of David”, promised by God to Israel.38 Jesus accepted his rightful title of Messiah, though with some reserve because it was understood by some of his contemporaries in too human a sense, as essentially political.

I hope this all helps.
God bless.
Cathoholic
 
Hello JDGaney,

One way I know Jesus is God is through analysis of God defined as the person who gets everything wanted and/or needed.
When I thoroughly consider what all is necessary as a human to be this person, I realize Jesus is the person who teaches and demonstrates the way in the most graceful manner, which is embracing unjust crucifixion. Which I interpret as always wanting to be patient and kind, even in the face of unjust cruelty, to the point of death.

Another way I know Jesus is God is through analysis of God defined as the person who created everything.
When I thoroughly consider what is this person’s greatest creation and why create it, I realize Jesus is the person who shared the resolution in the most graceful manner, which is friends for eternal life. Which I interpret as other beings equal in capability and morality for the experience of unbreakable peace and unending joy for all.

Another way I know Jesus is God is through further analysis of this person’s (the one who created everything) methodology in creating friends for eternal life.
When I thoroughly consider what the person, who created everything, must do in order to create friends for eternal life, I realize the Nicene Creed is the most graceful presentation of the solution. Which I interpret as:
The person who created everything, who gets, as well as shares the means to get, everything wanted and needed. Must create a place where the rules of the pinnacle of morality are always obeyed, and a place where the rules are not always obeyed. This person must always know everything as to ensure those who are permitted into the heavenly world will forever obey the rules.
This person must also sacrifice all-knowledge, without sacrificing all-wisdom, prior to beginning of creation, as to grant the opportunity to be equal with the created friends, and to be capable of demonstrating the means to get everything wanted and needed as a friend. In order to fulfill this, this person must clone the body.
In order to fully demonstrate the means to get everything wanted and needed as a friend, this person must come to the place where the rules are not always obeyed, must be perceived by future friends as not always following the rules. Then must reveal always wanting to be patient and kind, even in the face of unjust cruelty, to the point of death at its worst, and the reward of entrance into the place where the rules are always obeyed.
In the fullness of kindness, this person must demonstrate the process of becoming perfect at obeying the rules from the starting point of having sacrificed all-knowledge and all-wisdom. Part of the process will be learning from the cloned person followed by the original person. Once this person is completely perfected and reveals the way, all others must learn from this person, the cloned person, and the original person. In order to share the process, without sacrificing the free will of the created friends, this person shares the process through the Story of Creation.
This person’s friends are the ones who are always freely being, and sharing the means to freely be, patient and kind for the experience of unbreakable peace and unending joy for all.

One last manner I know Jesus is God is through consideration of “Eating the Body of Jesus.”
It is apparent that in order to live for a certain amount of time, one must consume the life of another, in order to obtain the energy from the body. Therefore, in order to live forever, one would need an infinite amount of energy. The only being that has an infinite amount of energy is God. Therefore, when Jesus teaches us to eat His body for eternal life, He is declaring that His body has an infinite amount of energy, and He wants to share that energy with us.

Thank you very much for all your time and consideration! I really enjoyed pondering your question, and I look forward to further discussion.

May you find your way home sooner than later and as peacefully as possible!
 
I find the resurrection and ascension pretty convincing. That puts a decisive seal on Christ’s message. 👍
 
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