I’ll just make a few observations, without intending to get into a long debate.
Reincarnation at its most basic level is a theological system which acknowledges the eternal nature of the soul
That depends upon the reincarnational/rebirth theology. Some say that the soul was Created by the Creator; others that there is no discernable beginning to the soul. And there are also differences regarding the ultimate destination of the soul, whether the soul becomes “one” with the Ultimate Reality, whether the soul maintains its individuality while in communion with the Divine, or whether the soul is never able to transcend samsara at all.
while simultaneously denying the existence of heaven and hell.
Again, reincarnation/rebirth does not deny heaven and hell. Both Hindus and Buddhists believe in heavens and hells, that is, realms of the spiritual worlds that are either very pleasant or very unpleasant. Some of these hells, in fact, are – for all intents and purposes – “eternal” in the sense that those who are in those hells cannot “get out” without assistance from other, compassionate beings who enter into hell for the purpose of saving those in hell. Many Hindus believe in eternal heaven, in which case the heaven is not simply a “pleasant” place to be, but is actually where God’s Presence can be most fully enjoyed.
Now granted there are many varients of this basic theology and some have an end game of reaching Nirvanna. In this case, the most fundamental feature is that life can be done over, again and again until you get it right. That devalues life.
To think in terms of “until you get it right” is to trivialize reincarnation/rebirth’s purpose of leading the person into communion with Divinity, which is a graceful process, not a mechanical process. According to many Hindus, communion with divinity, with God, with the One Divine Person, is realized only by the grace of God, not by any mere human effort of "getting it right’.
In that context, the process of reincarnation/rebirth can itself be seen as a grace, a free gift, that allows the person to grow more and more deeply into the Presence of God. The Catholic idea of “purgatory” plays a similar role of purification.
We all know that religious people can often misunderstand the teachings of their own religion, and misinterpret those teachings to justify hatred, lust, and oppression. The problem, then, is not necessarily in the teachings themselves, but in the sinful behaviors and tendencies of humans. And regarding reincarnation/rebirth, a common misconception is that if someone is suffering, in pain, or being oppressed, that that means that you should not do anything to change that, because it’s “their karma”, it’s what they get for doing something painful or oppressive to another person in a previous existence.
The reason this is a misinterpretation of reincarnation/rebirth, is that that very act of *not *doing anything to help someone who is suffering, will *itself *lead the person who refuses to act, to experience the results of that
not doing anything to help. So, it’s self-defeating. Refusing to help means that you haven’t yet realized that you are yourself contributing to your own suffering in the future. Refusing to help means that you haven’t realized that
the other person is not radically different from *who you are: *we’re all in this together. The
Isha Upanishad states:
The wise man beholds all beings in the Self and the Self in all beings; for that reason he does not hate anyone.
The “Self” refers to two things: the eternal Soul in each being, and the Infinite Soul that is God. To not help someone who is suffering, using the excuse that “they did something bad in a past life, and thus deserve what they get”, is to not see the eternal Soul in that person and the Infinite Soul that pervades all persons.
Mata Amritanandamayi Ma, a famous Hindu philanthropist, gives a very powerful way of understanding reincarnation/rebirth and how, properly understood, it values life: “If it is someone’s karma to suffer,
then it is your karma to help them.” Reincarnation/rebirth gives us more and more opportunities to help alleviate suffering, to cure disease, to eliminate pain.
And with that, I shall withdraw from this thread.
