How do YOU understand the meaning of "fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations"?

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Pope Benedict XVI made this point when he was Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger. He stressed this in The Spirit of the Liturgy when he lamented the fact that all too often, the Mass has turned into a celebration of ourselves. Furthermore, the Prefect Emritus for the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, Francis Cardinal Arinze, also made this point on several occasions, as did the Secretary of the same congregation, Archbishop Malcolm Rajith during his remarks at last month’s Gateway Liturgical Conference in St. Louis, MO.

Active participation doesn’t mean that we have to do something. We simply need to be be someone. I like how Pope Benedict defines active participation. It is not necessarily a state of doing; rather, it is a state of being. We are there, in God’s presence and we are participating with our hearts (along with our bodies and voices). Believe it or not, I liken this to a line that John Malkovich said in “Shadow of the Vampire” when he decides to shoot footage of the villagers to include in Nosferatu. The camera man complains because “these people are not actors.” Malkovich, who was portraying Friedrich Mornau wisely observed, “They don’t have to act; they just have to be.”

We need to be people of faith who come to Mass to offer a pleasing and acceptable sacrifice to God the Father. I do not know my prayers in Spanish, but, when I attend a Mass celebrated using the Spanish language, I participate by silently praying in Latin. Regarding the Gloria, it is certainly fine if the choir sings it. Recall the Papal Midnight Mass. The Gloria and the Credo were sung by the Sistene Chapel Choir. Inasmuch as the notes and words were printed in the worship aids, the choir did most of the singing. Ditto for the responsorial psalm, although, even in my limited Italian, I was able to sing along during the broadcast.
 
In the Melkite Parish I attend, the congregation sings quite lustily the unchangeable parts of Vespers and Matins. The Cantors sing the propers, while people listen attentively.
 
In the Melkite Parish I attend, the congregation sings quite lustily the unchangeable parts of Vespers and Matins. The Cantors sing the propers, while people listen attentively.
My Ruthenian parish, likewise, tho’ for sundays with just the numbered tones, they sing those quite boisterously, too.
 
While not entirely opposed to the idea that active participation need not involve “doing anything” but need only refer to one’s internal participation in one’s heart, I do think that this rather common answer to this question does not envelop the full breadth of what Sacrosanctum Concilium called for.

For one thing, this sort of participation already existed within the missal the the time. In other words, nothing needed to be done to the Liturgy itself to bring this about. Pius X, for example, had encouraged it if I recall correctly, as had Pius XII, both without calling for a reform of the Missal itself. It is true that this kind of participation was lacking in practice and that catechesis was needed to bring about in the practice of the faithful what was already present in the ideal celebration of the Missal. However, Sacrosanctum Concilium unambiguously called for more:
"19. With zeal and patience, pastors of souls must promote the liturgical instruction of the faithful, and also their active participation in the liturgy both internally and externally, taking into account their age and condition, their way of life, and standard of religious culture.
  1. … In this restoration, both texts and rites should be drawn up so that they express more clearly the holy things which they signify; the Christian people, so far as possible, should be enabled to understand them with ease and to take part in them fully, actively, and as befits a community."
There are 3 important points here. First, the active participation that the Council called for wass both internal and external. This does not necessitate a bunch of boisterous or showy external things as so often in this era have been introduced to the Mass. However, it does indicate something beyond an internal focus or prayerfulness.

Second, the Council calls for the drawing up of texts and rites. This is very significant, for it unambiguously makes plain that that participation which the Council called for was not possible in the then-current Missal. The call was for more than just catechesis and instruction; it was a call for actual substantial changes to be made to the composition of the Liturgy. The rites and texts of the Church’s Liturgy were to be changed so as to support a form of participation which was not possible in the Missal as it then was.

Third, the participation that the Council sought was a sort that “befits a community.” Again, this does not necessitate making the celebration of the Liturgy a horizontal thing focused on the community rather than God. However, it does involve, again, something which was not possible under the then-current Missal. It is not something which I have seen disputed by people of any Liturgical background that the Mass developed into a more private and individualistic experiencce over the centuries. By the 20th century, the Mass had become a celebration with a tremendous focus amongst the laity on one’s personal worship of the Lord. There were few Liturgical actions taken part in by the whole congregation.

The Council sought to change this and to return some of the balance that had been lost over the centuries. Certainly, there is an individualistic aspect to one’s participation in Mass. There is a very personal internal interaction going on between a soul and the Lord if that soul is participating fully in the Mass. On the other hand, the Mass is also the coming together of the people of God to fulfill as a community Christ’s command to “do this in memory of me.”

In calling for Liturgical texts and rites which befit a community, Sacrosanctum Concilium calls for this aspect to be made present in the Mass in an explicit way, while not, of course, going so far as to become a celebration of the community rather than the Sacrifice of Christ.

This was not, by the way, something altogether new. The Church had been calling for it for some time, and had already introduced into Her Liturigcal treasury the so-called Dialogue Mass in the early 1900s, in which the congregation took part in offering the responses along with the acolyte rather than merely having him represent them at the altar. This is most interesting, in fact, insofar as regards the reasoning for introducing this form of the Mass. While only produced by a provincial council, the decree first calling for such Masses was approved by the Sacred Congregation for the Clergy in 1922 and stated that the Dialogue Mass was called for “in order to instill into the souls of the faithful a truly Christian and collective spirit, and prepare them for active participation, as is the evident desire contained in pontifical documents.” Not only interesting is the statement about “a truly Christian and collective spirit,” but also is the claim that this would “prepare” the faithful for active participation, as though more something yet different was in the future.

In any event, this statement does not hold a great deal of weight for various reasons, but the Dialogue Mass itself was approved by the Congregation of the Rites, and the point is that the idea of engaging the faithful in a more communal celebration of the Mass had been a goal of the Church for some time. While it is often taken far beyond what was intended, there is no doubt that the Council called for some form of communal participation that was not present in the then-current Missal. Psalm responses, other rersponses by the congregation, the singing or chanting of the parts of Mass as a community, and the like are legitimate fulfillments of the Council’s wishes.

Thus, the liberals have it all wrong, but those who wish to restrict actuosa participatio to the realm of one’s interior disposition or rule out from it’s meaning Liturgical actions are also not in line with what the Council called for.
 
Another excellent, well-reasoned post, Lazerlike42. There are many interesting points, but for the moment a couple hurried remarks and questions.
…First, the active participation that the Council called for was both internal and external. This does not necessitate a bunch of boisterous or showy external things as so often in this era have been introduced to the Mass. However, it does indicate something beyond an internal focus or prayerfulness.

This was not, by the way, something altogether new. The Church had been calling for it for some time, and had already introduced into Her Liturigcal treasury the so-called Dialogue Mass in the early 1900s, …
In other words, instead of reverent, contemplative, sacred silence and stillness, we have been told that we all have to be altar boys, walking around and speaking rote responses.

I honestly can’t understand why they thought that was a good idea. For example, I wonder what people were saying about the dialogue Mass? Did people actually say that speaking the altar boys’ responses out loud made them understand better or experience Mass more deeply, or whatever? Or is this something we’re just supposed to assume is true because it sounds plausible?
Third, the participation that the Council sought was a sort that “befits a community.”…There were few Liturgical actions taken part in by the whole congregation.
It’s as if the bishops decided that speaking out loud with my neighbors is community; but praying in silence and stillness with them is not.

To clarify, besides maybe lay readers and EMHC, what are the “Liturgical actions taken by the whole congregation” now?
This does not necessitate a bunch of boisterous or showy external things as so often in this era have been introduced to the Mass. … while not, of course, going so far as to become a celebration of the community rather than the Sacrifice of Christ.
The problem, of course, is that that’s exactly what has happened. Once people have been told that reverent silence and stillness are inadequate, it’s pretty hard to tell them that they’re now too showy or that they’re merely celebrating themselves. And, once the ball is rolling, it’s not surprising to me that people get caught up in innovation, novelty, tinkering, updating, etc.
Thus, the liberals have it all wrong, …
Please spell that out more.

TIA. ASD​

Traditional Latin Mass: Translation and Grammar
 
How do YOU understand the meaning of “fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations”??

Something I’m not typically capable of at an early morning Mass 😛

But more seriously, to me it means participating in the songs and the responses; paying attention during the readings and the homily; reflecting on and thinking about the meanings of the prayers, not just reciting them as rote . . .essentially being alert and engaged. Not always easy to do, but something we should always strive for.

Pretty basic, but on a practical level, that’s how I understand it.
 
How do YOU understand the meaning of “fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations”??

I understand it as a call to be active both internally and externally to the utmost extent possible in the celebration of the Mass. The external may be the more obvious of these: I say the responses with honesty and confidence, I raise my voice as best I can, to join with the choirs of angels in their endless praise, and, of course, I take part in Catholic calisthenics, as prayer with one’s body is very important to the Mass.

Internally isn’t nearly as obvious, or as easy. Growing up, I only did the external, that’s the part you can learn just from watching those around you, the internal part is a whole different ballgame for me. In a world of thirty-second attention spans, I would say my biggest struggle to participate fully internally is simply focus. I put forth my best effort every Sunday to remain focused on what is occurring before me, praying along with the sacrifice of the Mass, listening attentively to the homily, humbly giving thanks at the Eucharistic celebration, and once again promising God my every effort to take the grace he has bestowed upon me at that Mass out into the world to share with everyone I meet. I wish I could say I was more successful at this than I am.

But that’s how I understand the meaning of “fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations.”
 
Sacrosanctum Concilium, 14 says: “Mother Church earnestly desires that all the faithful should be led to that fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations which is demanded by the very nature of the liturgy.”

vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html

How do YOU understand the meaning of “fully conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations”??
SC # 30 "30. To promote active participation, the people should be encouraged to take part by means of acclamations, responses, psalmody, antiphons, and songs, as well as by actions, gestures, and bodily attitudes. And at the proper times all should observe a reverent silence.

SC # 33 / 34 **33. Although the sacred liturgy is above all things the worship of the divine Majesty, it likewise contains much instruction for the faithful [34]. For in the liturgy God speaks to His people and Christ is still proclaiming His gospel. And the people reply to God both by song and prayer.

Moreover, the prayers addressed to God by the priest who presides over the assembly in the person of Christ are said in the name of the entire holy people and of all present. And the visible signs used by the liturgy to signify invisible divine things have been chosen by Christ or the Church. Thus not only when things are read “which were written for our instruction” (Rom. 15:4), but also when the Church prays or sings or acts, the faith of those taking part is nourished and their minds are raised to God, so that they may offer Him their rational service and more abundantly receive His grace.

Wherefore, in the revision of the liturgy, the following general norms should be observed:
  1. The rites should be distinguished by a noble simplicity; they should be short, clear, and unencumbered by useless repetitions; they should be within the people’s powers of comprehension, and normally should not require much explanation.
    **
Love your Mother Theresa Quote. Dear God, how right she is!
 
I know that the OP asks us to consider how WE understand “fully conscious and active participation” in the liturgy. However, I think it would be well to see how the Church explains it, at least coming from both Pope Benedict XVI and the current Secretary to the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments have to say on the subject:
The Pope in his book “The Spirit of the Liturgy” defines Actuosa Participatio as a call to a total assimilation in the very action of Christ the High Priest. It is in no way a call to activism, a misunderstanding that spread widely in the aftermath of
“Sacrosanctum Concilium”. Stated Cardinal Ratzinger: “what does it [active participation] mean ….? Unfortunately the word was very quickly misunderstood to mean something external,
entailing a need for general activity, as if as many people as possible, as often as possible, should be visibly engaged in action” [Spirit of the Liturgy, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, 2000 p. 171].
We know that in many places this led to the amalgamation of the Sanctuary with the Assembly, the clericalisation of the laity and the filling up of the Sanctuary with the noisy and distracting presence of a large number of people; one could say that virtually
Wall Street moved into the Sanctuary. But was that really what the Conciliar Fathers advocated? Cardinal Ratzinger does not think so. For him “the real ‘action’ in the Liturgy in which we are all supposed to participate is the action of God himself. This is what is new and distinctive about Christian Liturgy: God himself acts and does what is essential” [ibid p. 173]. This kind of participation in the very action of Christ, the high priest, requires from us nothing less than an attitude of being totally absorbed in Him. Says the Cardinal “the point is that, ultimately, the difference between the Actio Christi and our own action is done
away with. There is only one action, which is at the same time his and ours – ours because we have become ‘one body and one spirit ‘with him” [ibid p. 174]. Active participation, thus, is
not a giving way to any activism but an integral and total assimilation into the person of Christ who is truly the high Priest of that eternal and un-interrupted celebration of the heavenly Liturgy.
Sacrosanctum Concilium too, as we know, spoke of this when it defined Liturgy further as a foretaste of the “heavenly Liturgy which is celebrated in the Holy City of Jerusalem towards which we journey as pilgrims, and in which Christ is sitting at the right hand of God, a minister of the Sanctuary and of the true Tabernacle” [cfr. Apoc. 21: 2; Col. 3: 1; Heb. 8:2]-[SC 8]. Hence, everything we do should help us to achieve that and that alone is the true meaning of the “participatio”: a taking part in a bigger Actio. Participatio itself is, I would say, in this sense, an ars where we ourselves are not the artists; neither do we follow an ars taught or handed down to us by others but allow the Lord to be the artists through us, becoming part of what he does. As far as we are concerned, it is Participatio in the order of “esse”. All what we do in Liturgy makes us achieve that union with the
eternal High priest, Christ and his sanctifying offering. The more we become part of the Oratio of Christ, His eternal self offering to God as the expiatory Sacrificial Lamb [Apoc. 14: 1-5], so much more would it be able to transforms us into the Logos and make us experience the redeeming effects of such transformation. Without that as Cardinal Ratzinger wrote we would radically misunderstand the ‘theo-drama’ of the Liturgy, lapsing into mere parody [cfr. ibid p. 175].
I realize that this is long, but Archbishop Malcolm Ranjith, the current Secretary to the CDWDS offers some compelling insights, using the Holy Father’s book as a guide.
 
Thank you for your kind words, ASD 🙂
instead of reverent… silence… we all have to be altar boys, walking around and speaking
Neither I nor the Councililar documents express this sentiment. On the contrary, sacred silence is an integral part of any Liturgy. However, this does not exclude altogether the presence of any of activity. Like so much of Catholicism, it is “both/and,” rather than “either/or”:not either silence or activity, but silence and activity, each at its own proper time.

The issue with the server is that many of the his acclamations were very personal yet were expressed by him as a representative rather than by the people whose senitments they were supposed to have expressed. For example, that the altar server make a confession of sins on the people’s behalf was simply an awful idea. That one’s sins be confessed by proxy is very distant from the spirit of true humility, contrition, and personal responsibility that Christian life demands of us. While I could bear the argument that some of the server’s responses ought have been left in the hands of an acolyte, many of them really need to be, or hold much greater significance when, said by the people. As I understand it, in the dialogue Mass, the congregation would offer the Confiteor and other responses with the server, but otherwise they did not. This is simply a very large problem that the Council sought to rectify.
I honestly can’t understand why they thought that was a good idea…
While I do not have sources to indicate the opinion that people expressed, I think it is fair to say that quite apart from their feelings, the recitation by the people themselves of such prayers as the Confiteor ontologically improved their experience of the Mass. In other words, quite beyond what they felt, when the people were able to confess their own sins before God rather than standing by as it was done for them, they ontologically benefited more from the experience - in other words, there was a much greater metaphysical effect upon their souls in the confession of their own sins, than there was when their sins were confessed on their behalf. This does not intend to suggest that every aspect of the Pauline Missal, or even the Dialogue Mass, was more beneficial. The point is that those aspects of participation in which the Council called for the people to take part were indeed beneficial.
It’s as if the bishops decided that speaking out loud with my neighbors is community; but praying in silence and stillness with them is not.
Again, not either/or, but both/and. Clearly both are forms of community, but are both are appropriate for the Mass? Now my opinions don’t matter. What does matter is the bishops assembled in general council under the genuine guidance of the Holy Spirit. Our opinions are of little value compared to the decision off the Church in a general council.

Again, however, here is the key: all things in their own proper time. The judgment of the bishops was not that silence was not community and communal song or speach is, but rather that both are and that the Mass in its contemporary form was lacking in one of these two aspects. After all, in the Heavenly Liturgy which of which the Mass is an earthly form, we will be singing aloud with the angels, crying “Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus.” Does it not then make sense that we ought to at least in some way express community in this way in the Earthly Liturgy? Insofar as this does not overshadow the silence but leaves the silence it’s own even primary place, I believe it should. Now in practice, clearly the silence has been overshadowed, and in most places even eliminated. This is contrary to the Council’s call, as can be seen from PJM’s post:
**SC # 30 **To promote active participation, the people should be encouraged to take part by means of acclamations, responses, psalmody, antiphons, and songs, as well as by actions, gestures, and bodily attitudes. And at the proper times all should observe a reverent silence.
So again, the issue is a matter of following the Council’s true instructions. I also believe that the issue of “speaking out loud” has a lot to do with what i said above: making those responses which ought to be personal truly personal, such as confessing sins, wishing peace upon the Priest’s spirit, etc.
To clarify, besides maybe lay readers and EMHC, what are the “Liturgical actions taken by the whole congregation” now
The Psalm response, the Confiteor/Kyrie, giving their assent in the various amens (a very underrated part of the Mass, btw… in saying amen at various times, the people assent to the Liturgical actions carried out by the priest, not indeed taking upon themselves his unique role, but assenting to his actions with their own wills and thereby moving their wills in accord with Divine grace. For example, in the amen following the Eucharistic prayer, the people submit their wills in accord with its petitions and intercessions), the “Et cum spiritu tuo,” the Sanctus, Mysterium Fidei, Gloria, the hymns (hopefully good ones of course), etc.
The problem, of course, is that that’s exactly what has happened…
This is true. However, again, this relates to the abuses, rather than that which was actually called for and instituted. Silence and stillness are called for in both SC and the Pauline Missal; unfortunately, it is rarely afforded in practice. I do see, however, hope that the ball can be stopped.
Please spell that out more.
The liberals have it all wrong insofar as they assert that “active participation” requires constant activitiy, constant noise, even boisterous noise, as some have mentioned, that it requires the congregation to participate in the clerical actions of the Liturgy, moving about, etc.

God bless
 
In my heart, I feel that this, which used to be called “assisting at Mass,” describes the right disposition of a layman at Mass:
…both Pope Benedict XVI and [Archbishop Malcolm Ranjith] … on the subject:
The Pope in his book “The Spirit of the Liturgy” defines Actuosa Participatio as a call to a total assimilation in the very action of Christ the High Priest. … Unfortunately the word was very quickly misunderstood
On the other hand, in my head I think the following line of reasoning, arguing that SC calls for something different, is sound:
While not entirely opposed to the idea that active participation need not involve “doing anything” but need only refer to one’s internal participation in one’s heart, I do think that this rather common answer to this question does not envelop the full breadth of what Sacrosanctum Concilium called for.

For one thing, this sort of participation already existed within the missal the the time. In other words, nothing needed to be done to the Liturgy itself to bring this about. … the Council calls for the drawing up of texts and rites. This is very significant, for it unambiguously makes plain that that participation which the Council called for was not possible in the then-current Missal.
To my mind, the quotation from Benedictgal is a pretty good description of what people used to mean by the expressions “assist at Mass,” and “pray the Mass.”

But, as Lazerlike42 demonstrates, using sound principles of legislative interpretation, if active participation doesn’t mean anything except what “assist at Mass” used to mean, why make changes designed to facilitate vocal responses, etc?

So, I can’t help but think that the quote from B16 is a kind of tacit backpedaling. (Deo Gratias!)

To bring this conversation into the 21st century: Many of us, both those who are pleased by it and those who are distressed by it and fearful of it, view Summorum Pontificum in a similar way. It sends a pretty clear signal: People need to know the old way because the new way is . . . badly implemented? misunderstood? clearly understood, but a bad idea, after all? All of those, I think; but most importantly the last.

ASD​

Traditional Latin Mass: Translation and Grammar
 
FYI… one of two post

***"Musicam Sacram
Instruction On Music In The Liturgy
Sacred Congregation of Rites * March 5, 1967 ***
  1. The faithful fulfil their liturgical role by making that full, conscious and active participation which is demanded by the nature of the Liturgy itself and which is, by reason of baptism, the right and duty of the Christian people.13 This participation
    (a) Should be above all internal, in the sense that by it the faithful join their mind to what they pronounce or hear, and cooperate with heavenly grace,14
    (b) Must be, on the other hand, external also, that is, such as to show the internal participation by gestures and bodily attitudes, by the acclamations, responses and singing.15
    The faithful should also be taught to unite themselves interiorly to what the ministers or choir sing, so that by listening to them they may raise their minds to God.
  2. One cannot find anything more religious and more joyful in sacred celebrations than a whole congregation expressing its faith and devotion in song. Therefore the active participation of the whole people, which is shown in singing, is to be carefully promoted as follows:
    (a) It should first of all include acclamations, responses to the greetings of the priest and ministers and to the prayers of litany form, and also antiphons and psalms, refrains or repeated responses, hymns and canticles.16
    (b) Through suitable instruction and practices, the people should be gradually led to a fuller – indeed, to a complete – participation in those parts of the singing which pertain to them.
    (c) Some of the people’s song, however, especially if the faithful have not yet been sufficiently instructed, or if musical settings for several voices are used, can be handed over to the choir alone, provided that the people are not excluded from those parts that concern them. But the usage of entrusting to the choir alone the entire singing of the whole Proper and of the whole Ordinary, to the complete exclusion of the people’s participation in the singing, is to be deprecated.
MEMORIALE DOMINI

Instruction on the Manner of Distributing Holy Communion Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship Issued on May 29, 1969.

When therefore a small number of episcopal conferences and some individual bishops asked that the practice of placing the consecrated hosts in the people’s hands be permitted in their territories, the Holy Father decided that all the bishops of the Latin Church should be asked if they thought it opportune to introduce this rite. A change in a matter of such moment, based on a most ancient and venerable tradition, does not merely affect discipline. It carries certain dangers with it which may arise from the new manner of administering holy communion: the danger of a loss of reverence for the august sacrament of the altar, of profanation, of adulterating the true doctrine.

Three questions were asked of the bishops, and the replies received by 12 March 1969 were as follows:
  1. Do you think that attention should be paid to the desire that, over and above the traditional manner, the rite of receiving holy communion on the hand should be admitted?
Yes: 597
No: 1,233

Yes, but with reservations: 315
Invalid votes: 20
  1. Is it your wish that this new rite be first tried in small communities, with the consent of the bishop?
    Yes: 751
    No: 1,215
    Invalid votes, 70
  2. Do you think that the faithful will receive this new rite gladly, after a proper catechetical preparation?
    Yes: 835
    No: 1,185
    Invalid votes: 128
From the returns it is clear that the vast majority of bishops believe that the present discipline should not be changed, and that if it were, the change would be offensive to the sentiments and the spiritual culture of these bishops and of many of the faithful.

Therefore, taking into account the remarks and the advice of those whom “the Holy Spirit has placed to rule over” the Churches,[11] in view of the gravity of the matter and the force of the arguments put forward, the Holy Father has decided not to change the existing way of administering holy communion to the faithful.
The Apostolic See therefore emphatically urges bishops, priests and laity to obey carefully the law which is still valid and which has again been confirmed. It urges them to take account of the judgment given by the majority of Catholic bishops, of the rite now in use in the liturgy, of the common good of the Church."
 
It means being in the pews, awake, aware, concentrating on what is happening in the sanctuary, and actively joining in the prayers from their hearts.

One thing I train EMHC at our parish is that their service at Mass is no more active participation than anyone in the pews who is joining their hearts in prayer with the Priest.

I teach my CCE students that when they pray in Latin, and they don’t know the meaning of the words, they still can join their hearts to the prayer — because the words are given to us by the church and we trust the CHURCH. And we trust the Church because it was given to us by God, and we trust God…hopefully better than the Israelites did at Meribah and Massah (Ps 95).
 
The Mass of Vatican II


Now there should be no argument about the central intent of the Council concerning the liturgy. The Council actually spells out its intent, in paragraph 14 of Sacrosanctum Concilium: “Mother Church earnestly desires that all the faithful should be led to that full, conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations, which is demanded by the very nature of the liturgy.” The key words here are “full, conscious, and active participation.” The Latin for “active participation” is actuosa participatio.
I did a little research into previous uses of that expression in papal and other ecclesial documents. The first papal usage was in 1903 by Pope St. Pius X, whose motto was “Omnia Instaurare in Christo” (To restore all things in Christ). He considered himself a pope of renewal. He was elected in August of 1903 and in November, he issued one of the first documents of his pontificate, a motu proprio called Tra Le Solicitudini, that is, “Among the Concerns.” This was a document on the renewal of sacred music. In it, the Holy Father states, “In order that the faithful may more actively participate in the sacred liturgy, let them be once again made to sing Gregorian Chant as a congregation.”
That’s what the term “active participation” meant when it was first used in a papal document.
But it had been used ten years earlier in another document, issued by Pius X before he was pope. He was the patriarch of Venice, and the document — as it turns out — was actually written by a Jesuit, with the wonderful name of Angelo dei Santi (“angel of the saints”). Sounds like a fictitious name.

more…
 
The Mass of Vatican II


Now there should be no argument about the central intent of the Council concerning the liturgy. The Council actually spells out its intent, in paragraph 14 of Sacrosanctum Concilium: “Mother Church earnestly desires that all the faithful should be led to that full, conscious, and active participation in liturgical celebrations, which is demanded by the very nature of the liturgy.” The key words here are “full, conscious, and active participation.” The Latin for “active participation” is actuosa participatio.
I did a little research into previous uses of that expression in papal and other ecclesial documents. The first papal usage was in 1903 by Pope St. Pius X, whose motto was “Omnia Instaurare in Christo” (To restore all things in Christ). He considered himself a pope of renewal. He was elected in August of 1903 and in November, he issued one of the first documents of his pontificate, a motu proprio called Tra Le Solicitudini, that is, “Among the Concerns.” This was a document on the renewal of sacred music. In it, the Holy Father states, “In order that the faithful may more actively participate in the sacred liturgy, let them be once again made to sing Gregorian Chant as a congregation.”
That’s what the term “active participation” meant when it was first used in a papal document.
But it had been used ten years earlier in another document, issued by Pius X before he was pope. He was the patriarch of Venice, and the document — as it turns out — was actually written by a Jesuit, with the wonderful name of Angelo dei Santi (“angel of the saints”). Sounds like a fictitious name.

more…
I went over the full article, and in general, I found it very good. On the other hand, it made the mistake - in charity presumed not to be intentional - that so many of the “traditionalist” leaning also make, namely, ignoring certain parts of Sacrosanctum Concilium (just as the liberals ignore certain parts of it, such as the call for Gregorian chant and the assertion that the Latin language is to be preserved).

In particular, what was not mentioned were several of the paragraphs which have been quoted in this thread already:
  1. With zeal and patience, pastors of souls must promote the liturgical instruction of the faithful, and also their active participation in the liturgy both internally and externally, taking into account their age and condition, their way of life, and standard of religious culture.
The participation called for by the Council, then, was not only internal and prayerful participation, but also external participation.
  1. … In this restoration, both texts and rites should be drawn up so that they express more clearly the holy things which they signify; the Christian people, so far as possible, should be enabled to understand them with ease and to take part in them fully, actively, and as befits a community.
The participation called for required the drawing up of texts and rites, not only the proper catechesis of the faithful to more properly participate in the liturgy in a prayerful silence.
30. To promote active participation, the people should be encouraged to take part by means of acclamations, responses, psalmody, antiphons, and songs, as well as by actions, gestures, and bodily attitudes. And at the proper times all should observe a reverent silence.
So the acclamations, responses, and other “doing things” aspects of the Pauline Missal are precisely what the Council called for. They are not bad, nor are they contrary to the spirit of slilence and internal participation that “traditionalists” often put forth as the true meaning of “active participation,” as the Council envisioned them both as being a part of the liturgy. Of course, the liberals ignore that last sentence about silence.
  1. Although the sacred liturgy is above all things the worship of the divine Majesty, it likewise contains much instruction for the faithful [34]. For in the liturgy God speaks to His people and Christ is still proclaiming His gospel. And the people reply to God both by song and prayer.
And so forth.

Now don’t get me wrong, the article does touch on many of these points, through quotations from Pope John Paul II for example. However, it does seem not to emphasize them as much as the other side of the coin, and the fact that it quotes from the Council statements regarding one aspect of participation and quotes not the Council, but other sources, regarding other aspects is dissapointing to me.

As so many other things in Catholicism, active participation is both outward and internal, not either outward or internal. I greatly appreciate the efforts of many to point out those excesses championed by the liberals, and those statements, both of the Council and of the popes, indicating the internal aspect of active participation. However, insofar as one does this while ignoring or missing those statements of councils and popes which point out the outward aspects of active participation, one does no better than the liberals in their ignoring or missing parts of the Church’s teaching which is contrary to their preferences.
 
I went over the full article, and in general, I found it very good. On the other hand, it made the mistake - in charity presumed not to be intentional - that so many of the “traditionalist” leaning also make, namely, ignoring certain parts of Sacrosanctum Concilium (just as the liberals ignore certain parts of it, such as the call for Gregorian chant and the assertion that the Latin language is to be preserved).

In particular, what was not mentioned were several of the paragraphs which have been quoted in this thread already:

The participation called for by the Council, then, was not only internal and prayerful participation, but also external participation.

The participation called for required the drawing up of texts and rites, not only the proper catechesis of the faithful to more properly participate in the liturgy in a prayerful silence.

So the acclamations, responses, and other “doing things” aspects of the Pauline Missal are precisely what the Council called for. They are not bad, nor are they contrary to the spirit of slilence and internal participation that “traditionalists” often put forth as the true meaning of “active participation,” as the Council envisioned them both as being a part of the liturgy. Of course, the liberals ignore that last sentence about silence.

And so forth.

Now don’t get me wrong, the article does touch on many of these points, through quotations from Pope John Paul II for example. However, it does seem not to emphasize them as much as the other side of the coin, and the fact that it quotes from the Council statements regarding one aspect of participation and quotes not the Council, but other sources, regarding other aspects is dissapointing to me.

As so many other things in Catholicism, active participation is both outward and internal, not either outward or internal. I greatly appreciate the efforts of many to point out those excesses championed by the liberals, and those statements, both of the Council and of the popes, indicating the internal aspect of active participation. However, insofar as one does this while ignoring or missing those statements of councils and popes which point out the outward aspects of active participation, one does no better than the liberals in their ignoring or missing parts of the Church’s teaching which is contrary to their preferences.
I agree with your interpretations of the Constitution. What bugs me is the way people try to foster active participation. Instead of going the extra mile to teach Latin and Gregorian Chant, they instead emphasize “creativity” which leads to, in Pope Benedict XVI’s words, deformations in the liturgy.
 
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