How teachers grade

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Something I’ve been talking about with a younger friend of mine has given me the idea of having this theoretical discussion.

In his case, it looks like he got a B+ while his classmate A-, even though he made one mistake fewer than the classmate, and also explained to the teacher it was in a hurry and told her what was wrong and how it should haven been written (English as a foreign language, below his skill level, he forgot either the auxiliary “had” or the participle twice in third conditional). Now, we may raise the point that his grade was somewhat fitting, if a bit on the strict edge, but it looks like the friend was graded along different lines.

Now my question: Shouldn’t teachers be consistent in their grading rules? This reminds me of seeing copied homeworks graded differently for different students by the same teacher in the same class, and similar disproportions in the grade to quality ratio.

Some teachers seem to believe that the amount of work one puts in the task is more important than the outcome. Similarly, they might think the amount of improvement is more important than the final point reached. While there is some logic in this, I disagree. Also, it seems to me many of those teachers then treat the students as if the ones with the better grades, achieved for more effort or more improvement, really knew more than those who achieve objectively better results at a smaller cost, or improve less. In that, they create fiction. Harmful fiction and unjust fiction, if I may say so. Illogical for sure - while grading, they use the justification that the actual amount of work or the scope of improvement was higher. But once graded, they use the grade given to infer conclusions about the actual knowledge of the student. Very poor logic.

Personally, I’ve always avoided grading people and I’ve always concentrated on telling them what they need to work on and what the current state of their knowledge and ability is. If I actually had to give them real grades, I suppose I would base it on the comparison between their knowledge and the knowledge required. No awards or punishments trumping the objective reliability and comparability of the grade and no relative grading such as the best result has to get an A and the worst a failing grade, either, even if I wouldn’t actually go point by point with a checklist, as those are limiting and they don’t foresee all the creative solutions the students can come up with, for which they deserve credit.

This means the grades would have to be materially deserved. If some genius came to my mid-level course, I would obviously still try to teach him something, but he would be graded on the same scale. If he refused to write a test, he would still fail it, although I wouldn’t make it look like he actually got 0 points for not knowing anything. If a student below the level of the course didn’t follow the suggestion to find a different group, he would still pass or fail according to his knowledge, although I would perhaps give him more attention if appropriate. At any rate, no fiction like everyone’s entitled to pass no matter his actual knowledge, or pretending the lazy buggers really know nothing. No adjusted requirements pretending to remain within the same scale.

The only exception I can think about is physical education. I think a better solution should be found than awarding disadvantaged students higher grades for lower results, but obviously one shouldn’t be blocked from academic pursuits by being unable to run as fast as a healthier person (not like lack of academic prowess or interest should inhibit a sports career, either). Actual scores should still be kept, though, to avoid silly fiction. It should never be implied that their actual, physical results are comparable, but at the same time, they shouldn’t suffer the material consequences of their health problems and, to some extent, even their fitness problems. P.E. eludes grading by the scores anyway, since such a lot depends on individual height, weight, some things are different between the sexes, and all, so I conclude it’s different from academic subjects. I think it should be graded using some clever system taking into consideration the physical limits of the students, or perhaps they could come up with some opportunities… don’t know. I remember written tests (game rules) and assignments (e.g. history of the olympic movement) for P.E. But I wanted to focus on the academic subjects, anyway. Just had to make the reservation for P.E.

What’s your opinion?
 
When I taught and was given students of different abilities in one class (valedictorian - single teen mother who could barely read or write) I could not, in good conscience, grade solely on performance against one another. The smart kids saw the class as a blow-off and therefore didn’t perform up to their potential and therefore were surprised at their "B"s and "C"s and thought I was unfair to grade them against themselves and not their peers. My more troubled students put in more effort and showed improvement throughout the year and many ended up with "B"s and "C"s (which for many was the only non "D"s and "F"s on their report cards) because I graded them against themselves. I learned in college that professors never fail the students who go for extra help with the professor when they don’t “get it”. I guess that was the reasoning behind my not feeling guilty for not failing the students who failed everything else, they’d come to me throughout the year to get help to understand (not to improve their grade) whereas the smarter students would come near the end of a grading period to see what they could do to improve their grade (after not having turned int the three extra-credit projects I assigned throughout each semester.
 
In my opinion people should be graded solely on the outcome, and how much effort they have put in should have nothing to do with it. In the real word, one is not rewarded for effort, one is rewarded for results. It always bothered me when teachers would give students who “tried hard” a better grade just for effort. How on earth does anyone know how hard someone has tried anyway?IMO, this is part of the reason we have so many poorly-performing graduates, because everyone’s “effort” is rewarded instead of their actual learning.
 
In my opinion people should be graded solely on the outcome, and how much effort they have put in should have nothing to do with it. In the real word, one is not rewarded for effort, one is rewarded for results. It always bothered me when teachers would give students who “tried hard” a better grade just for effort. How on earth does anyone know how hard someone has tried anyway?IMO, this is part of the reason we have so many poorly-performing graduates, because everyone’s “effort” is rewarded instead of their actual learning.
I normally would agree, except for the fact that I know MANY lazy intelligent people who have to do very little to get "A"s. I hae seen these same individuals be lazy in real life and when they didn’t get that job or promotion wonder “but I’m so smart and I had the grades and degree” not realizing their lack of effort is why they didn’t get the job/promotion. I have known many hard working individuals who struggled intellectually who end up working their way up the “corporate ladder” because of their hard work, and willingness to learn knowing that they don’t know it all and that they struggle learning the “book stuff”. Ideally everyone wouldn’t be lazy and would be intelligent, but this is not the case in the real world and not in the classroom either and the one who usually succeeds the most is the non-lazy intellect who realizes that where he/she is in life is a gift above all else.
 
For me I test HORRIBLY.(even with extra time and other helps) However my attendence is immaculate, I participate, my papers are A+ work and homework and other items, even extra credit, are all turned in on time.

Technically speaking, in some classes becuase of the weight of tests I deserve a C+ or B- more often than not a professor will put extra weight on my papers and attendence and I get a B+ or even an A-…

I don’t think its unfair at all. I know the concept and I can relate it in some way to the teacher. Some of my other classmates just show up for tests and manage the B to B+ grade range. They never participate and since they just study for the test. The proffer dosn’t give them any thought when giving a grade b/c he dosn’t know them.

Also, if a proffer knows you he will often push you to the next grade if you’re close eg. semester points 400-449 B, 450-499 B+ and a hard working student scored 447 points the’d give then a B+. A student who they have no idea about gets the grade agreed upon in the sylabus.
 
I guess it is a question of what the goal of the course/class is. If the goal of the course is to provide information, and the grade is designed to accurately reflect the student’s comprehension of that information, then the teacher’s grading system should accurately reflect an objective measurement of that comprehension.

If the goal of the course is something else entirely, then a more subjective measurement may be appropriate. For example, as part of my undergraduate work, I had to take a seminar on getting a job. It wasn’t really critical that I be able to recite the steps in writing a resume. Instead it was important that I be able to actually write a resume upon completion of the course. In this sort of class, I feel a more subjective grading system could be acceptable.

Grades are just grades, and in my professional life no one has ever asked me what my GPA was. Feeling entitled to a good grade because of effort would have led me to feel entitled to a good job solely because of effort and not because of aptitude.

I would not want to go see a surgeon or rely upon a lawyer who had gotten through school with good grades solely because of effort and not at all because of skill. Just my opinion.
 
There is alot of flexibility on how teachers grade. As one poster already mentioned as a whole grading should be focused on the objective of the class. If your objective is XYZ then all assignments should point towards whether or not your students know/can do XYZ.

However, how individual assignments are graded can vary. I’m a social studies teacher and most of the time I grade more towards content knowledge then whether you put the comma in the correct place. I will make corrections because students need to see it, but unless it takes away from understanding the concept I don’t mark down for mechanics and grammar. There are other assignment in which grammar, mechanics, spelling, etc., are important but I let the students know in advance.

As long as the professor/teacher was upfront with how they are going to be grading, I don’t see any problem with how it was done in the OP’s scenario.

Historybrat
 
I tend to think this highlights the meaningless and subjective nature of grades and the grading system in schools period. When I was in high school, I’m only 24 so not that long ago, school was far more about doing the minimum effort to get a desired grade for a transcript than it was about actually learning anything. As another example the state of Washington has a test called the WASL, which is something lawmakers have being trying to make the be all and end all of public education. The result it not better education. It’s teachers adapting a strategy so the students pass the test, not that they receive an education. Equally so, grading makes education about memorzing the minimum amout of material to get an “A” without any reference to whether the student actually learned anything about the subject. With math grades may be effective measures because with math there are two options, a right answer and a wrong answer, which effectively demonstrates a student’s grasp of the concepts. With virtually every other subject grades are just an exercise in subjectivity.
 
Now my question: Shouldn’t teachers be consistent in their grading rules?
I remember a professor, years ago, who actually told us that his personal preference was to ask lots of “essay” and “show your work” kinds of questions rather than “multiple choice” or “true-false” questions, but he had trouble developing tests that accurately and objectively measured how well his students grasped the material on the one hand, and that also could be graded within a reasonable amount of time on the other hand (this did not include time spent in regrading tests that students thought had been misgraded for one reason or another).

One proposed solotion (which he never actually implemented): Administer tests that consisted entirely of “essay” and “show your work” kinds of questions and let each student “sweat it out,” then take the entire stack of completed tests and toss it from the top of a flight of stairs. The ones that landed closest to the top would get the highest numerical grades (just a grade, mind you, no explanation), and those that landed closest to the bottom would get the lowest numerical grades. That way, he’d only have to really grade the bottom third. His reasoning? Those who got a grade much higher than they thought they’d get would certainly not complain, and those who got a grade about what they thought they’d get probably wouldn’t complain either. The only one’s who’d be sure to complain were the ones who got a grade much lower than they thought they’d get!
 
I work at a continuation high school and I will admit, an awful lot of subjectivity is involved, not only in our grading, but also on the alternative work we will come up with for each student. We really do work with each student individually to coax out the maximum amount of work and learning that we can for each of them. We have some students who come from very wealthy homes, are overly indulged, and have poor work habits. We have other students who are coming from jail and are living in group homes. We have kids who are trying to break addictions or have recently tried to commit suicide. In all cases we are doing our best to encourage them to get back on track and give it their best effort. We definitely do look at their effort, their attitude, and their improvement when determining their grade, and I really do believe that is the best way to do it.

Of course, this only really works when you really do work with the kids as individuals and really are aware of what is going on with them. I don’t really think teachers in regular classrooms can necessarily work this way with students, so I think there are probably more situations where having an objective grading criterion is the correct approach. I also do think in instances where a teacher has cause to divert from an established criterion, it should always be in favor of the student.
 
I normally would agree, except for the fact that I know MANY lazy intelligent people who have to do very little to get "A"s. I hae seen these same individuals be lazy in real life and when they didn’t get that job or promotion wonder “but I’m so smart and I had the grades and degree” not realizing their lack of effort is why they didn’t get the job/promotion. I have known many hard working individuals who struggled intellectually who end up working their way up the “corporate ladder” because of their hard work, and willingness to learn knowing that they don’t know it all and that they struggle learning the “book stuff”. Ideally everyone wouldn’t be lazy and would be intelligent, but this is not the case in the real world and not in the classroom either and the one who usually succeeds the most is the non-lazy intellect who realizes that where he/she is in life is a gift above all else.
This makes you run into problems. I am an extremely intellignet person, and I don’t have to try to do well. I still have a report card from fourth grade. In the district I went to, you received separate grades in effort and progress for each subject on the report card. In reading I was given a B for effort. Hello, reading was my favorite thing. Just because I didn’t have to put any effort into enjoying and doing it often doesn’t mean I should have gotten a lower grade. I was reading at the college level. We had to read books from the school library, so I couldn’t read anywhere near my level. Grades should be based on the outcome and not effort.
 
Fortunately, I teach grownups and the outcome is either you did it or you didn’t do it (technology).

My husband marks in three criteria: Class participation, completion of assignments, and completion of the 2 exams, both of which are open-book. All work is submitted via email to a school-sponsored email account.

One would think the exams would be easy, but they are not. Each question is multifacted.

Generally speaking, there are at least three people in a class of 25 who found it easier to participate in intramural sports, go binge drinking, or watch Youtube to the detriment of everything else in their lives than complete assignments and the exams. These people try ruses to get the assignmetns and exams graded AFTER the class is finished, and the grades are in the registrar’s office.

Everybody who participates regularly in class and emails in work gets a decent grade.

Nobody knows the other person’s work unless they are on a study team and tell each other. Only once has a person come to my husband and told them so-and-so got an A, where’s mine. He explained in detail why.

I’d send this person to ask the instructor.
 
Tough call!

I home teach for our county school system. Last year I had a special ed student for the whole 2nd semester. She was not capable of comprehending at 7th grade level. I had to coach her through tests. Her guidance counselor told me that if she’s making A’s and B’s with me, she earns honor roll just like any other kid at school. Another kid who studies all the time gets on the same honor roll as a special ed student who gets coached through tests. In that case, an A means different things to different students.

When my son was in community college he had a math teacher who believed that if a student could earn an A on the cumulative final exam, he deserved an A in the class - regardless of what grades he got the rest of the semester.

So, is a grade a reflection of all your work or is it just a measure of what you know at the end of the class? —KCT
 
I home teach for our county school system.
Forgot to add . . . the county does not allow me to count homework as any more than 10% of a final grade. So, a “smart” student could blow off his homework, do well on tests and still get an A. —KCT
 
I grade assignments for a college software development course. Because we want the course to simulate the “real world” as much as possible, we only grade based on the results that the students produce.

We don’t give students higher grades if they put more work into the assignments. In fact, we WANT students to take as many shortcuts as possible. In the real world, it’s better to put LESS work into a product if you can get away with it, as long as your final product is of high quality.

We try to be consistent in our grading rules, but the metrics of quality are somewhat subjective, so consistent grading is tough.
Now my question: Shouldn’t teachers be consistent in their grading rules? This reminds me of seeing copied homeworks graded differently for different students by the same teacher in the same class, and similar disproportions in the grade to quality ratio.

Some teachers seem to believe that the amount of work one puts in the task is more important than the outcome. Similarly, they might think the amount of improvement is more important than the final point reached. While there is some logic in this, I disagree. Also, it seems to me many of those teachers then treat the students as if the ones with the better grades, achieved for more effort or more improvement, really knew more than those who achieve objectively better results at a smaller cost, or improve less. In that, they create fiction. Harmful fiction and unjust fiction, if I may say so. Illogical for sure - while grading, they use the justification that the actual amount of work or the scope of improvement was higher. But once graded, they use the grade given to infer conclusions about the actual knowledge of the student. Very poor logic.
 
to me the purpose of education is to give knowledge and the purpose of a test is to evaluate how much of that knowledge has been ratained or evaluate the level of skill achieved.

if the class is that easy for them - they should be in a more challenging class.

if the class is that hard for them - they should either be in a lower level or work harder or choose another field to study.

laziness has nothing to do with intelligence
and neither does the hard knocks of life.


one should be able to have confidence that an “A” grade means an “A” level of knowledge has been learned or a certain level of skill has been attained. otherwise, the entire grade isn’t worth more than the paper it’s printed on.

I once took a semester of spanish. I would love to learn a foreign language. 2 hours 2 nights a week for 18 weeks I sat in that class with rapt attention, I went in the mornings every day for 10 of those weeks for one-on-one tutoring. I now know exactly 3 words in spanish, and those three combined don’t even make 1 sentence. The teacher was great. I’m not lazy. I’m not stupid. Languages are just a skill that I do not apparently have an aptitude for.🤷 During the final ORAL and WRITTEN exam (the written I actually did okay on, btw, apparently I can translate the written word better than the spoken word) it was painfully obvious to both the teacher and myself that all our desperate efforts had failed. She gave me a B+! I was horrified. I actually asked her how in the world she could justify that and she gave me a very pained look and said, "Don’t take this wrong or personal. You earned that grade by sheer desperate desire to learn and effort to try. I’ve never seen anyone try so hard."

**While I can appreciate that she didn’t want to damage my GPA knowing that I tried my best, it still irks me that a B+ or even an A+ can mean you didn’t attain squat in knowledge or skill.:o **

For my kids, I grade by results either the skill was achieved and the knowledge was learned or it wasn’t it.
 
Typically, if one tries hard…a positive outcome follows. I say typically, but when I took algebra…no matter how hard I tried, a ‘B’ was as good as it got. I brought that up from a C, and I truly was trying–just had a problem with the whole concept.

But, typically…most people in general…when putting forth a true, good effort–will produce good results. I think if a child is handing in all assignments, etc…then, that is showing the effort. (in reply to the poster who said how can one assess trying hard?) But, you still have to produce a good outcome. It’s like training for a marathon…and then walking when everyone is running, during the actual race. Yeah, you trained and put forth a good effort…but when you needed to really ‘bring it,’ you didn’t do it.

I think kids also need to realize that life isn’t always fair. How many people in the corporate world get promoted, not because of effort or results, but because they are pals with the boss? Happens everyday. Now, first through 6th don’t have to really learn that hard lesson…but 7th through high school need to unfortunately face the reality that sometimes life isn’t fair.

I tell my kids…forget about the person next to you…YOU try your best…you get good grades for you. Don’t worry about the person next to you…they were graded on a curve, bla bla bla…just do your best, and the outcome will happen.

Interesting thread!
 
Rob’s Wife;2223589**if the class is that easy for them - they should be in a more challenging class. [/quote said:
That isn’t always an option. When I was in elementary school, I was not allowed into the school for gifted kids because I’m not creative. I had no choice but to be in the normal class and be bored out of my brains. In junior high we only had a few honors classes. In high school even the honors classes were too easy. This is also the case in college. This perfect solution doesn’t always work.
 
Rob’s Wife;2223589**if the class is that easy for them - they should be in a more challenging class. [/QUOTE said:
That isn’t always an option. When I was in elementary school, I was not allowed into the school for gifted kids because I’m not creative. I had no choice but to be in the normal class and be bored out of my brains. In junior high we only had a few honors classes. In high school even the honors classes were too easy. This is also the case in college. This perfect solution doesn’t always work.

I agree. Since I don’t have experience in public schools I can only speak for Catholic schools I’ve been and taught in. There are no honors Theology classes, art classes, gym classes, music classes, etc. with the non-AP type classes. So, these are usually the classes that have the students who range from slow learners to exceptionally advanced in one class period. How is a teacher suppose to teach and grade students who are of dramatically different learning abilities? It is not fair to the slower learners that a teacher must move faster than what they are use to and capable of learning, and not fair to the excelled learners because the class is moving too slow from what they are use to.
 
Rob’s Wife;2223589**if the class is that easy for them - they should be in a more challenging class. [/QUOTE said:
That isn’t always an option. When I was in elementary school, I was not allowed into the school for gifted kids because I’m not creative. I had no choice but to be in the normal class and be bored out of my brains. In junior high we only had a few honors classes. In high school even the honors classes were too easy. This is also the case in college. This perfect solution doesn’t always work.
psr13;2224917:
I agree. Since I don’t have experience in public schools I can only speak for Catholic schools I’ve been and taught in. There are no honors Theology classes, art classes, gym classes, music classes, etc. with the non-AP type classes. So, these are usually the classes that have the students who range from slow learners to exceptionally advanced in one class period. How is a teacher suppose to teach and grade students who are of dramatically different learning abilities? It is not fair to the slower learners that a teacher must move faster than what they are use to and capable of learning, and not fair to the excelled learners because the class is moving too slow from what they are use to.
I know where you are coming from.
Simple, the kid shouldn’t be passed into a grade if they can’t handle that grade level work for that subject. it doesn’t have to be “honors” or “AP” or “gifted” or remedial or disabled or slow - simply place them in the grade they are capable of for each subject. This may mean some kids bump right along a grade or 2 in math, but still be at average age grade level or even below it for english or science. When they attain the required skill or knowledge level, that is when they move to the next level.


**And yes, I’m aware this is not the standard. **
I think that’s the point. The grade has no value. Instead of continuing a system that doesn’t work, maybe the rare concept of one that does should be given thought.

As for the teaching them life’s not fair line.
Not only is that not the purpose of a school, but it actually defeats the purpose! You might as well tell kids who bust their rump to get a good grade attaining knowledge and skills not to waste their time because so-and-so who kisses teacher’s hiney or complains about how hard it is will always have it easier and get the better grade. It gives medicore work praise. And you know what? Even if one can claim that’s true in real life and the kid should learn this “life lesson” - that speaks pretty darned crummy about american business. And it neglects to teach them the other life lesson:
Best case that will only get you in the door. The minute they find you don’t actually know squat - you’ll hit the street so fast you’ll get skid marks.
 
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