All religions have their own rules and those who follow them think they are completely logical. That’s not always the case. Yet all religions claim that they are right and others are wrong. You think the teachings of the Church are logical and correct because you have faith. So does the next person who happens not to be Catholic. People think about religious teachings that can be picked apart because they can be picked apart. It’s a matter of faith. If it was easy to explain, or logical, one wouldn’t need faith.
There are many rules and laws of religion (any religion) that wouldn’t be followed if it weren’t for the fact that it was a rule of that religion (and punishable in that religion, and in some cases punishable by death). You as a Catholic see the rules of the Church as final. Other people of other religions feel the same way about the rules of their religion. And those who do not follow the rules of a religion feel that they don’t have to follow those rules because they are free not to - because those rules are based on religious teachings.
Religion is considered separate from logic because religion is a matter of faith and doesn’t always follow logic. You can argue that the rules of the Church are of course logical, and can question the comprehension and intelligence of another person who does not agree. However, the same argument can be made of a Jew or Muslim, or Baptist, or Anglican, etc. They also think the rules of their religion are completely logical and make complete sense, and they question the intelligence, even prudence, of those who don’t agree.
I can think of a few rules of the Church that aren’t logical. They’re just rules. There is no logic to them. And a Catholic chooses to obey those rules, logical or not, or not obey them. If a Catholic wants to be compliant with the Church, they follow those rules, and if they don’t want to be in communion with the Church, they fail to obey them. But I think it’s unreasonable to expect others who don’t have faith to see the ‘logic’ in some of the teachings of a particular religion. You’ll have to bring them to that religion first and they need to find faith first.
As to abortion and religion, the only thing I will point out is: different religions have different rules regarding abortion, with the Catholic Church being the most strict and unmoving. OTOH, in the Jewish religion and muslim religion, abortion is allowed in the case where the woman’s life is in danger. You can say the rules of the Church are logical and any other teaching is illogical, however, the Muslim or Jew can say the same. They all believe their teachings are the most logical and the most correct. Yet, each will say the other is being illogical. When arguing with someone about abortion, it is better to argue concrete tangible matters than to argue with religious teachings that are based on faith, because if the other person who is speaking with you has no faith, they’re not going to see the “logic” that is so obvious to you.