It falls in the difference between what is God’s and what is Ceasars.
Everything is God’s. To say otherwise is to commit blasphemy. Which is why the conventional interpretation of Jesus’ teaching on taxation is obviously false–he can’t possibly mean that God and Caesar divide the world up between them. The only thing that is “Caesar’s” is the money on which Caesar has put his stamp–and this only insofar as the money is an idolatrous symbol of Caesar’s power.
Sinc Caritas (Charity) is one of the Theologic virtues that is infused upon us at our Baptism, it Charity is clearly God’s.
You’re confusing charity as a theological virtue with the conventional social meaning of the word. Jews perhaps have a clearer vocabulary for this when they call money given to help the poor “tsedaqah,” “justice.”
To provide for the common good is a responsibility of civil authorities. Civil authorities do not need to be configured in their present form–the state. I am very sympathetic to the argument that the state has swallowed up the functions of civil society and needs to be scaled back. I take real small-government people like Ron Paul very seriously. But anyone who, for instance, doesn’t want to introduce huge defense cuts simply can’t be taken seriously as a small-government person. What we really get from American “conservatives” is the idea that the government has certain narrowly defined roles, consisting mostly of war and police functions. This seems to be the position you’re suggesting. I see no basis for such a position in orthodox Christian tradition. If we’re going to have a government at all, it might as well feed the hungry as kill people. I’m much more interested in limiting its killing-people powers than it’s feeding-the-hungry powers.
The State, being an unbaptized entity, cannot truely practice the virtue of Charity.
It can provide for the common good. And what it means for the state to be an “unbaptized entity” is a bit dubious to me. America is allegedly a democracy. Most Americans are Christians. The American state thus ought to be, in its general ethos (though not in any sense that limits the freedom of non-Christians), Christian. And American conservatives are quite happy to advocate this when it comes to certain issues–but not when it comes to care for the poor. This, again, makes no sense.
The State, in performing the feeding of the poor, brings about no Grace in the world. In fact, as St. John Chrysostom noted, it can bring about moral harm.
You’re taking Chrysostom’s statement completely out of context and you’re setting up a straw man.
It is the task of governing authorities (which, again, don’t necessarily need to take the form of the modern state, but in fact largely
do in our society, so that’s what we have to deal with) to provide for the common good. This is stated over and over again in Catholic teaching–see CCC 1897-1912, especially 1908:
Second, the common good requires the social well-being and *development *of the group itself. Development is the epitome of all social duties. Certainly, it is the proper function of authority to arbitrate, in the name of the common good, between various particular interests; but it should make accessible to each what is needed to lead a truly human life: food, clothing, health, work, education and culture, suitable information, the right to establish a family, and so on.
Your argument is fundamentally at odds with Catholic social teaching.
The poor, in recieving assistance, feel and express no gratitute, as they are simply recieving what they are ‘owed’ by the State.
The rich, on the otherhand, feel resentment.
Of course people are sinful and may respond sinfully to any situation. But that doesn’t change the obligations of governing authorities as set forth in Catholic teaching.
As for Chrysostom, as I said you’re taking him out of context. Chrysostom is in principle opposed to private property–his ideal society is one in which the rich give up their wealth and everyone shares everything equally. But his point is that if the government were to impose such a “communist” state of affairs bad results would follow. He is
not talking about state relief of the poor. His argument corresponds rather to Aquinas’s explanation of why it is that private property exists (though Aquinas is rather more favorable to private property than Chrysostom). Private property, says Aquinas, is held by individuals in trust for the common good, and this is a better arrangement than simply trying to hold everything in common. Neither Aquinas nor Chrysostom are ruling out the right of governing authorities to impose taxation for the common good.
Now even if Chrysostom did mean what you say he means, his opinion would not stand against the judgment of the Church as a whole, as summarized in the passage from the Catechism as I cited above. But as a historical matter you and the propagandist(s) on whom you are relying are radically misinterpreting Chrysostom.
Can anyone deny that this is what is happening in the world? How can ingratitude and resentment be Charity?
Indeed. But the guilt here lies on the shoulders of those who stir up such resentment.
I am much more dubious about the “ingratitude” claim. No doubt there are those who take state benefits for granted–people are, again, sinful. And there will be more of them the more total the state provisions are, which again is one reason why the principle of subsidiarity is important–the state ought, as much as possible, to facilitate local initiatives. But in fact it seems to me that the claims of “ingratitude” are largely political propaganda and come from people with little experience of actually working with the poor, but with a serious commitment to resist any encroachment on the right of the rich to get ever richer.
I’m not disputing that it’s always
better to care for the poor on a personal, local level rather than through a vast bureaucracy. But the bottom line is the one stated by the catechism: those in authority have the duty of ensuring access to basic human needs to all those over whom they have authority. If that takes a big, corrupt, inefficient bureaucracy, so be it. If you want to dismantle the bureaucracy, you have to have something to put in its place beyond a vague, unrealistic belief that “a rising tide lifts all boats” and that if left alone rich people will just do what is right out of the goodness of their hearts.
Edwin