Joachim Jeremias was a methodist and a scripture scholar. I’m reading his book The Eucharistic Sayings of Jesus. I’m almost to the end and he stops short of giving the fullest meaning to the Eucharist, the real presence of the Lord, body, blood, soul, and divinity.
Jeremias asserts that Jesus was present at the last supper, but that He refrained from eating the passover lamb, etc. This is based on Jesus words of “avowal” (loosely) that He will not eat or drink until the arrival of the kingdom.
What is more telling, is data Jeremias provides that, imitating Jesus, Christians later fasted on the evening of Passover while the Jews were feasting, and celebrated the breaking of bread after midnight in celebration of Jesus’ triumph, adhering to His command to repeat this meal.
At a higher level, Jeremias describes the Gospel accounts of the last supper as being recorded in a liturgical way, and he says not the actual historical account of the last supper. for one thing, he says, Jesus undoubted said a lot more at the last supper than has been recorded.
He describes I Co 12 as the first record of the last supper, and that by Paul who “passed on what he had received” which was a liturgical account of the last supper, and not necessarily the historical in its entirety. Having said so much, Jeremias attributes the words to Jesus, and interprets their unexpected meaning at the last supper.
This author and book was mentioned by Dr. David Anders on his EWTN radio program, Called to Communion, about ten days ago – but I heard his comments about this book rather out of context, I had just tuned in.
The book is very difficult to follow. first of all, it’s a translation from the original German. And, the book is very technical in frequent analysis of Aramaic, Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and Syrian version of New Testament texts. And, he unreservedly quotes the Jewish Talmud with respect to the “semitisms” of Jesus words, as needed.
In short, Jesus’ last supper was essentially connected to the Jewish passover, but He transformed it in ways that can only be attributed to Him, and no later writer. The essence of Jesus words has been preserved, but in a liturgical format that was probably not the underlying historical version.
Hopes this helps. I think it relates to your question.