Infallibility: Will someone evaluate this article for me?

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Thats easy… The person who wrote this does not know what he doctrine of papal infallibility is all about.

In His love
But aren’t many of those listed “teaching” errors, and not just practice errors. Like if the Pope condemned something, or approved something, isn’t that being taught ex cathedra? Or, how do we know when it’s taught ex cathedra or not, do they actually say, “This is ex cathedra” or “this is infallible” or “this is of the Holy Spirit” or what?
 
Excellent question. Here are some issues taught when I was in school in the 1960’s.
Sex for procreation only
Unbaptized children go to limbo forever
No forgiveness for suicide
Child’s life comes before the mother’s in a medical emergency
Eating meat on Friday was a mortal sin
Were these things taught with the approval of the pope or not?
 
But aren’t many of those listed “teaching” errors, and not just practice errors. Like if the Pope condemned something, or approved something, isn’t that being taught ex cathedra? Or, how do we know when it’s taught ex cathedra or not, do they actually say, “This is ex cathedra” or “this is infallible” or “this is of the Holy Spirit” or what?
An infallible pronouncement—whether made by the pope alone, by an ecumenical council, or by the constant teaching of the Church’s magisterium through the centuries—usually is made only when some doctrine has been called into question. Most doctrines have never been doubted by the large majority of Catholics.

Pick up a catechism and look at the great number of doctrines, most of which have never been formally defined by an official papal statement. There are, in fact, few topics on which it would be possible for a pope to make an infallible decision without duplicating one or more infallible pronouncements from ecumenical councils or the ordinary magisterium (teaching authority) of the Church.

You keep wondering how infallibility could exist if some popes disagreed with others. This shows an inaccurate understanding of infallibility, which applies only to solemn, official teachings on faith and morals, not to disciplinary decisions or even to unofficial comments on faith and morals. A pope’s private theological opinions are not infallible, only what he solemnly defines is considered to be infallible teaching.

Infallibility does not mean that popes are given some special grace that allows them to teach positively whatever truths need to be known, but that is not quite correct, either. Infallibility is not a substitute for theological study on the part of the pope.

What infallibility does do is prevent a pope from solemnly and formally teaching as “truth” something that is, in fact, error. It does not help him know what is true, nor does it “inspire” him to teach what is true. He has to learn the truth the way we all do—through study—though, to be sure, he has certain advantages because of his position.

Critics of the Church cite certain “errors of the popes.” Their argument is really reduced to three cases, those of Popes Liberius, Vigilius, and Honorius, the three cases to which all opponents of papal infallibility turn; because they are the only cases that do not collapse as soon as they are mentioned. There is no point in giving the details here since links to excellent articles on the subjects were already post here; it is enough to note that none of the cases meet the requirements outlined by the description of papal infallibility given at Vatican I (cf. Pastor Aeternus 4).

It is the Holy Spirit who prevents the pope from officially teaching error, and this charism follows necessarily from the existence of the Church itself. If, as Christ promised, the gates of hell will not prevail against the Church then it must be protected from fundamentally falling into error and thus away from Christ. It must prove itself to be a perfectly steady guide in matters pertaining to salvation.

Of course, infallibility does not include a guarantee that any particular pope won’t “neglect” to teach the truth, or that he will be sinless, or that mere disciplinary decisions will be intelligently made. It would be nice if he were omniscient or impeccable, but his not being so will fail to bring about the destruction of the Church.
 
I don’t mean to be rebellious or disrespectful to the Church but I’ve read what you have said on catholic.com in an effort to understand but I just don’t get it. Here are some of their statements that are supposed to shed some light but as I read them I scratch my head and wonder why it is that it seems so obscure and ambiguous.

Vatican II’s Explanation………Therefore his definitions, of themselves, and not from the consent of the Church, are justly held irreformable, for they are pronounced with the assistance of the Holy Spirit, an assistance promised to him in blessed Peter."…………………

Some Clarifications……… A pope’s private theological opinions are not infallible, only what he solemnly defines is considered to be infallible teaching…….Infallibility is not a substitute for theological study on the part of the pope.

What infallibility does do is prevent a pope from solemnly and formally teaching as “truth” something that is, in fact, error. It does not help him know what is true, nor does it “inspire” him to teach what is true. He has to learn the truth the way we all do—through study—though, to be sure, he has certain advantages because of his position.

It goes on to say that Honorius “simply decided not to make a decision at all” and “But nobody, I think, has ever claimed that the pope is infallible in not defining a doctrine."

“Of course, infallibility does not include a guarantee that any particular pope won’t “neglect” to teach the truth, or that he will be sinless, or that mere disciplinary decisions will be intelligently made. It would be nice if he were omniscient or impeccable, but his not being so will fail to bring about the destruction of the Church.”

I’d like to repeat the question posted yesterday by mesl4:
“How do we know when it’s taught ex cathedra or not, do they actually say, “This is ex cathedra” or “this is infallible” or “this is of the Holy Spirit” or what?”
 
{snip

I’d like to repeat the question posted yesterday by mesl4:
“How do we know when it’s taught ex cathedra or not, do they actually say, “This is ex cathedra” or “this is infallible” or “this is of the Holy Spirit” or what?”
Have you read the article on infallibility in the Catholic Encyclopedia? It describes many of the nuances of infallibility and how one might recognize teachings that can be so categorized.
 
Hi,
Thanks for that website. I read it and it is also hard to understand. I also read the ewtn website. All these attempts to explain infallibility never get to the point and are written like legal documents that the average person cannot interpret. Can anyone give one or more examples of and infallible teaching? Is everything in the Catholic Catechism an infallible teaching? If not what is and what is not? Why doesn’t anyone have specific examples? Doesn’t the presence of the imprimatur mean that it’s been approved of by the Church? Does that mean the Pope agrees with it? Does that mean it’s an infallible teaching?
 
Hi,
Thanks for that website. I read it and it is also hard to understand. I also read the ewtn website. All these attempts to explain infallibility never get to the point and are written like legal documents that the average person cannot interpret. Can anyone give one or more examples of and infallible teaching?
The Immaculation Conception of Mary
The Assumption of Mary, body and soul into heaven
Is everything in the Catholic Catechism an infallible teaching?
No
If not what is and what is not?
To this I say; it doesn’t matter. The Church is Christ’s representative on earth. If we ignor or disobey a Church “rule” we have effectively disobeyed Christ. This by definition is a sin. And nothing sinful enters heaven and therefore must be avoided or repented of.
Why doesn’t anyone have specific examples?
See above.
Doesn’t the presence of the imprimatur mean that it’s been approved of by the Church?
It simply means that the bishop who gave the imprimatur did not find anything it it that is contrary to Catholic faith or morals. It not an approval.
Does that mean the Pope agrees with it?
No
Does that mean it’s an infallible teaching?
Not in an of itself (imprimatur).
 
To this I say; it doesn’t matter. The Church is Christ’s representative on earth. If we ignor or disobey a Church “rule” we have effectively disobeyed Christ. This by definition is a sin. And nothing sinful enters heaven and therefore must be avoided or repented of…
But to someone who’s not Catholic, or someone who’s investigating it’s claims to know if it’s true, it does matter. There are so many false teachings in this world, that it’s very hard to know what is right. We don’t want to follow something that is not of God. That’s why Protestants are Protestant…because it got to a point that there were so many practices that you couldn’t find in Jesus’ teachings that people feared they had strayed from the path and wanted to stick to what we know is true. To me it seems safer to follow what we know is true from the Bible (assuming the Bible is accurate and wasn’t some sort of conspiracy by the early Church leader…a whole other can of worms), than to join into a bunch of religious practices that might be offensive to God. If I can fully believe how Catholics interpret Church Authority based on Jesus’ words to Peter (they don’t interpret it the same as Protestants who view the kingdom as a heavenly kingdom, not an earthly kingdom.), and believe that God really wants to have a leader on Earth to direct his teachings, than I will have faith that they won’t lead us into a idol worshiping, polytheistic type theology, and will believe whatever they teach, but until then, I need to pick at the details and look for anything that would be a dead giveaway to contradictions in teaching.
 
Excellent question. Here are some issues taught when I was in school in the 1960’s.
Sex for procreation only
Unbaptized children go to limbo forever
No forgiveness for suicide
Child’s life comes before the mother’s in a medical emergency
Eating meat on Friday was a mortal sin
Were these things taught with the approval of the pope or not?
So were any of the above declared ex cathedra as doctrine ever? Please be honest.
 
But to someone who’s not Catholic, or someone who’s investigating it’s claims to know if it’s true, it does matter. There are so many false teachings in this world, that it’s very hard to know what is right. We don’t want to follow something that is not of God. That’s why Protestants are Protestant…because it got to a point that there were so many practices that you couldn’t find in Jesus’ teachings that people feared they had strayed from the path and wanted to stick to what we know is true. To me it seems safer to follow what we know is true from the Bible (assuming the Bible is accurate and wasn’t some sort of conspiracy by the early Church leader…a whole other can of worms), than to join into a bunch of religious practices that might be offensive to God. If I can fully believe how Catholics interpret Church Authority based on Jesus’ words to Peter (they don’t interpret it the same as Protestants who view the kingdom as a heavenly kingdom, not an earthly kingdom.), and believe that God really wants to have a leader on Earth to direct his teachings, than I will have faith that they won’t lead us into a idol worshiping, polytheistic type theology, and will believe whatever they teach, but until then, I need to pick at the details and look for anything that would be a dead giveaway to contradictions in teaching.
“Assuming the Bible is accurate and wasn’t some sort of conspiracy by the early Church leader…” - What more reason have you to accept that the Bible was not some sort of conspiracy by the early Church than to accept that an unerring Church has been a reality since its foundation by Christ? The issue of Sola Scriptura has been discussed elswhere on these forums and I don’t want to stray far off the topic of infallibility. However, you necessarily have much trust in the Catholic Church if you believe the Bible to be true - after all it was the Church which decided towards the end of the fourth century the canon of Scripture, which you use. Do you believe that the Holy Spirit helped the fourth century bishops to decide what was inspired or not? If one believes that it was merely men making these decisions the authority and inspiration of the Bible is weakened. If the Church has indeed fallen into error, why were there not serious errors taught in the first 350 years of Christianity when they had no Bible as their guide? Perhaps because in the first instance Christ sent the twelve out to preach and to do so with the strength that the Holy Spirit provides. Look at the teachings of the Early Church Fathers and what they taught in the absence of the Bible (though certainly not contradicting it) - doctrines that the Church holds fast to even today - True Presence in the Eucharist, Confession to a priest, even the belief that the successor of Peter could not err in his teaching of the Faith. You must, at very least believe that the Holy Spirit was influencing the actions of the Early Church - why would he have given the Spirit to the Church and then abandon it at some later point. He didn’t - the gates of hell will never prevail against His Church because the Holy Spirit, as Christ promised will be with it until the end of time.
 
mesl4,
You will never get a complete list of infallible teachings - it simply is not clear what teachings are actually infallible or their obligatory force - as Cardinal Dulles writes in his book, Magisterium: Teacher & Guardian of the Faith from 07:
"Except for the definition of the Immaculate Conception, there is little clarity about which papal statements prior to Vatican I are irreformable. Most authors would agree on about half a dozen statements” (p.72)

And just retreating to the catechism doesn’t resolve anything - “The various teachings in the Catechism have no greater authority than they had in the documents from which they are drawn" (p. 84).
 
The early church fathers were good and holy men who led by example. Although they did not have the bible in it’s entirety they had the holy spirit guiding them into truth which was in agreement with the scriptures that were available to them. We can’t say that about all men who led the church after them. There has been so much added to the teachings of Jesus that a person could be a good Catholic by observing these various additional teachings without even believing the gospel message. You could be a good Catholic and not believe in Jesus. I’m saying this because I know many who fall into this category and many who go to mass on Sunday and accept New Age teachings and consult mediums and whatever else is defined as spiritual beacuse they never were taught the heart of the message which is salvation by faith in the resurrection of Jesus. It was never supposed to be complicated and confusing.
Here is what the early church did in Acts 15:24 “For as much as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, You must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we gave no such commandment: 25 It seemed good to us, being assembled with one accord, to send chosen men to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, 26 Men that have hazarded their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. 27 We have sent therefore Judas and Silas, who shall also tell you the same things by mouth. 28 For it seemed good to the Holy Ghost, and to us, to lay on you no greater burden than these necessary things; 29 That you abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication: from which if you keep yourselves, you shall do well. Fare you well.”
 
Excellent question. Here are some issues taught when I was in school in the 1960’s.
Sex for procreation only
Unbaptized children go to limbo forever
No forgiveness for suicide
Child’s life comes before the mother’s in a medical emergency
Eating meat on Friday was a mortal sin
Were these things taught with the approval of the pope or not?
Unfortunately most of these things were taught in Catholic schools by teachers who themselves were taught by other teachers or parents who really had no clue as to what the Church actually taught. About 1960 was the time when the Church actually started to require Catholic School teachers to have certification to teach anything. Before that some religious misinformation was taught in the schools and even more afterwards as your posts would seem to indicate.

Sex was for procreation only was a hangover, I think from the Victorian Age (Reign of Queen Victoria in England). A decent woman was not supposed to get any pleasure out of sex. Men who could not control the urge were expected to go to prostitutes or loose women. Of course the Church never taught most of this , but a priest or sister brought up by such a mother might very well have grown up believing this and teaching this.

Limbo was widely taught. but was not a doctrine, but only a theological hypothesis. That the fetuses’ life comes before the mother’s is still taught in the sense that direct abortion is always wrong even to save the mother. In cases of tubal pregnancy one can remove the tube and allow, but not intend the babies death. With modern medical advances it is extremely rare that such a decision must be made. A woman with cancer can undergo chemo or radiation even if it endangers the baby. It is that direct abortion that is forbidden.

Not eating meat on Friday was a discipline and one could go to hell for disobeying the rule because the Pope and Bishops have the authority to bind Catholics to certain practices under pain of grave sin. These are the kind of things that can change either way when they decide to do so. We could once again be bound under pain of mortal sin to abstain from meat on Friday if the Bishops decide to do so.
Up until a decade or so ago, we had no idea that psychological illness could cause people to take their own lives. We thought it was a decision to reject Church teaching and to take ones life was to defy that teaching. When I was growing up the notion of psychological disturbance as being an illness was virtually unknown by the common people. Suicide was an abomination practiced by the Japanese and the ancient Romans.

Keep at it and you will learn much on these forums and from the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Just be careful because even on the forums there is sometimes bogus stuff except on the “Ask and Apologist” Forum. In reading the Bible and the catechism don’t just go it alone. Test your conclusions. As you say there is a lot of "official’ stuff that isn’t that easy to understand. 🙂 👍
 
"- What more reason have you to accept that the Bible was not some sort of conspiracy by the early Church than to accept that an unerring Church has been a reality since its foundation by Christ? …However, you necessarily have much trust in the Catholic Church if you believe the Bible to be true - after all it was the Church which decided towards the end of the fourth century the canon of Scripture, which you use. Do you believe that the Holy Spirit helped the fourth century bishops to decide what was inspired or not? If one believes that it was merely men making these decisions the authority and inspiration of the Bible is weakened. If the Church has indeed fallen into error, why were there not serious errors taught in the first 350 years of Christianity when they had no Bible as their guide? Perhaps because in the first instance Christ sent the twelve out to preach and to do so with the strength that the Holy Spirit provides. Look at the teachings of the Early Church Fathers and what they taught in the absence of the Bible (though certainly not contradicting it) - doctrines that the Church holds fast to even today - True Presence in the Eucharist, Confession to a priest, even the belief that the successor of Peter could not err in his teaching of the Faith. You must, at very least believe that the Holy Spirit was influencing the actions of the Early Church - why would he have given the Spirit to the Church and then abandon it at some later point. He didn’t - the gates of hell will never prevail against His Church because the Holy Spirit, as Christ promised will be with it until the end of time.
.
That’s the thing, we don’t know for sure. The Mormons claim it all was lost after the apostles died. I don’t see how this could happen. Or why God would do that. It seems like he’d be tricking humanity then for 2000 yrs after Jesus came. God doesn’t seem to trick us though. He seems to spell out the gospel message clearly. Anyway, I’ve had to just have faith that the message was true as it is in the Bible, but if what Mormons say is true, that would mean that even those first bishops/early church fathers were deceived/wrong/deceivers in their writings. The Early Church Fathers writing were what has led me to consider the Catholic Church, but then I fear, What if THEY were the deceivers? What if THEY were on some conspiracy/power trip? Then all is lost. Then THEY would be the ones who picked and chose books to be in the Bible that suited THEIR interests or plans and the tares would’ve won over the wheat. In which case, the Mormons would be right! So, how can I be sure the Early Fathers had it right? Then I would assume the authority really was given to the church leaders and would stay that way, even when they did things that seemed anti-christian in my view. I’m going to post another thread asking, "Why were there no more “apostles” appointed after the apostles. Why were they only bishops? " That’s another Mormon argument for why Christians lost authority…because only apostles had it. so stay tuned…
 
.
That’s the thing, we don’t know for sure. The Mormons claim it all was lost after the apostles died. I don’t see how this could happen. Or why God would do that. It seems like he’d be tricking humanity then for 2000 yrs after Jesus came. God doesn’t seem to trick us though. He seems to spell out the gospel message clearly. Anyway, I’ve had to just have faith that the message was true as it is in the Bible, but if what Mormons say is true, that would mean that even those first bishops/early church fathers were deceived/wrong/deceivers in their writings. The Early Church Fathers writing were what has led me to consider the Catholic Church, but then I fear, What if THEY were the deceivers? What if THEY were on some conspiracy/power trip? Then all is lost. Then THEY would be the ones who picked and chose books to be in the Bible that suited THEIR interests or plans and the tares would’ve won over the wheat. In which case, the Mormons would be right! So, how can I be sure the Early Fathers had it right? Then I would assume the authority really was given to the church leaders and would stay that way, even when they did things that seemed anti-christian in my view. I’m going to post another thread asking, "Why were there no more “apostles” appointed after the apostles. Why were they only bishops? " That’s another Mormon argument for why Christians lost authority…because only apostles had it. so stay tuned…
I know a lot of this simply has to do with faith, but there is a historical aspect to this argument. At the time of the Apostles and the Fathers who learned from them, Christianity was illegal. They lived in dangerous times in the Roman Empire - a polytheistic society where other belief systems were viewed, at very least, as suspicious. The early Christians were ministering during the reign of Nero and his persecutions were followed by emperors such as Decius and Diocletian. The Fathers knew that the most probable result of their teaching the Faith was death - do you suppose they would have risked their lives for a pack of lies? What good would doctrines for their purposes be if the result would ultimately be death for them?

The Church Christ began was to be a living Church - one way that life is given is through active preaching. If the gates of hell were never to prevail against it Christ must have intended successors to Peter and the Apostles - obviously they were going to die at some stage. The promise that the Holy Spirit would be with them forever means just that - forever…not “the Spirit will be with you for the rest of the century but will then take a break for seventeen hundred years until the Mormons come along (or fourteen hundred years for Luther)…”
The early church fathers were good and holy men who led by example. Although they did not have the bible in it’s entirety they had the holy spirit guiding them into truth which was in agreement with the scriptures that were available to them. We can’t say that about all men who led the church after them.
So at some point the Holy Spirit left the successors of the Early Church Fathers? So if we take Christ at His word as related to us in Scripture, are we to conclude that He was a liar - I mean, He promised them the Spirit of Truth which would stay with them forever, yet we have people claiming that (at least some of) the successors of the Early Church Fathers were at some point abandoned by the Spirit. We must take Christ at His word.

On the other hand, the Church does not claim to be one which only admits saints - no, it is a Church of sinners. All of us, even the Pope - down the line even to St Peter himself - have sinned. In discussing infallibility, we must not confuse infallibility with impeccability. In other words, it is not about the Pope or Bishop as a man with the same weaknesses as any other person, but about his role as a successor of Peter and the Apostles to teach as God wishes through the Holy Spirit. This mixing infallibility with impeccability often leads to discussion on whether the Pope has actually sinned, but this is irrelevant to the issue as it does not disprove infallibility - nor would a sinless Pope prove it.
 
The early church fathers were good and holy men who led by example. Although they did not have the bible in it’s entirety they had the holy spirit guiding them into truth which was in agreement with the scriptures that were available to them. We can’t say that about all men who led the church after them.
Ron, I’m afraid your view is extremely simplistic, as if there were never any disagreements either before or after the canon of Scripture was finally established. And how were such disagreements settled without a canon? - as it continues to be today, through Scripture read in the context of Sacred Tradition, both of which are preserved as the means by which Our Lord entrusted the full Deposit of the Faith to Peter and all who are in union with him; you cannot - and neither could or did the Church Fathers - leave Peter out of the equation. It is his testimony through his successors that ultimately (as in the court of last resort) preserves the Deposit of Faith from corruption. Here are a few articles that may help you further understand the topic:

bringyou.to/apologetics/a44.htm

bringyou.to/apologetics/a47.htm

bringyou.to/apologetics/a48.htm
There has been so much added to the teachings of Jesus that a person could be a good Catholic by observing these various additional teachings without even believing the gospel message. You could be a good Catholic and not believe in Jesus.
Ron, this is blatant nonsense; you should know better than this. Yes, there are those Catholics who are devoid of knowledge in any depth of Who Jesus Is and the nature of His Church; there are even some who claim to be Catholic who actually deny His Divinity and/or His humanity. The first are usually of good heart - and trust implicitly in Christ with simple faith - and simply need sound instruction (too often lacking in parishes); the latter, however, are in no way “good” Catholics anymore than a scientist who believes that the moon is composed of green cheese is a good scientist!
I’m saying this because I know many who fall into this category and many who go to mass on Sunday and accept New Age teachings and consult mediums and whatever else is defined as spiritual beacuse they never were taught the heart of the message which is salvation by faith in the resurrection of Jesus. It was never supposed to be complicated and confusing.
Where is the confusion? The Church specifically teaches against such practices as your relate. Where’s the complication - that they refuse to follow Christ teaching through His Church? They may have been poorly instructed, or they may simply be following their own predilections rather than the truth they have been taught. You cannot assert, however, that with their “New Age” proclivities these are “good” Catholics, since, again, the Church itself strongly teaches against such practices as your describe.

They may in their own estimations be good Catholics, but they are no more good Catholics that those who explicitly deny one or more of any other known doctrines of the Church. What would add to their - and your - confusion is the inability to say with certainty that a given doctrine is taught explicitly or implicitly in Scripture or in Sacred Tradition and leave a free-for-all amongs believers (to wit, Protestantism and the various sects claiming Christian identity).
Here is what the early church did in Acts 15:24. . .
Yes, that is some of what the Church did in its first years, but what else did it do - and all in union with Peter? For what purpose were the chosen men sent? Did the Church teach the identity of Jesus Christ as God Incarnate? Did it celebrate the Eucharist? Did it eventually canonize the Scripture you quote here - and if so, by what authority? You leave out too much in your desire not to be “confused”.

Now, to accept the doctrine regarding Infallibility and any other official teaching of the Magisterium it does not always mean to understand it, and given that each person has his own way of understanding things he may not understand or may have a difficulty understanding what he is willing to accept, since he may easily have attitudes partially formed by the non-believing world of society that would contradict the attitudes of Faith assumed and expressed. In short, there would be no basis in the life of faith to reject this teaching of the Church, just as there would be no basis in the Faith to reject the Creed. But acceptance in faith does not automatically remove all difficulty for the mind. Faith, after all, does not require everything to be explained or it wouldn’t be faith, would it? But one is not free to reject the doctrine of Infallibility, whether one is uneducated in the Faith or a theologian, since there is one standard for all: acceptance of the Faith of the Church as promulgated and understood by the Church, rather than the individual. Fallible laymen simply accept what the infallible hierarchy proclaims and thus have the infallible belief of the Church as their own.

The difference between a living hierarchy with God’s authority to teach and a non-living text left for each fallible individual to come up with his best and figure it out for himself is that there is no obedience of faith in the latter, but each individual controls what he will accept, i.e., no surrender to another, only satisfaction of his own judgment. This not only fostering pride of mind, but it is unhistorical and inhuman. We learn about God’s Revelation from being taught by the Church, even that there IS a bible or what books are in it. An inert text can not speak to new circumstances and problems by itself. Someone needs to apply it to the subsequent times and places. If the fallible individual does that on his own (unheard of in the early Church - except by heretics!) error follows.
 
All I’m saying is this. There is so much going on in Catholicism that it’s easy to find a place to hide and do your own thing if that’s what you want to do.
I was raised Catholic and I went to 4 yrs of Catholic high school and I never knew I was a Christian. I was taught as long as you are Catholic you’re OK. I was taught salvation by luck. If you sinned during the week you had to hope you didn’t die before your next confession. I came to understand the gospel through personal bible study and by attending Protestant churches. For instance when you listen to Billy Graham there is no way to misunderstand him. You repent and accept Jesus or keep walking. When the Pope gets on TV I ask myself “What is he trying to say?” He talks about a lot of stuff but he rarely talks about believing in Jesus. Without faith in Jesus you have nothing. If people believe in God but not Jesus they should go to a synagogue or a mosque or a kingdom hall.
 
Unfortunately most of these things were taught in Catholic schools by teachers who themselves were taught by other teachers or parents who really had no clue as to what the Church actually taught. About 1960 was the time when the Church actually started to require Catholic School teachers to have certification to teach anything. Before that some religious misinformation was taught in the schools and even more afterwards as your posts would seem to indicate.

Sex was for procreation only was a hangover, I think from the Victorian Age (Reign of Queen Victoria in England). A decent woman was not supposed to get any pleasure out of sex. Men who could not control the urge were expected to go to prostitutes or loose women. Of course the Church never taught most of this , but a priest or sister brought up by such a mother might very well have grown up believing this and teaching this.

Limbo was widely taught. but was not a doctrine, but only a theological hypothesis. That the fetuses’ life comes before the mother’s is still taught in the sense that direct abortion is always wrong even to save the mother. In cases of tubal pregnancy one can remove the tube and allow, but not intend the babies death. With modern medical advances it is extremely rare that such a decision must be made. A woman with cancer can undergo chemo or radiation even if it endangers the baby. It is that direct abortion that is forbidden.

Not eating meat on Friday was a discipline and one could go to hell for disobeying the rule because the Pope and Bishops have the authority to bind Catholics to certain practices under pain of grave sin. These are the kind of things that can change either way when they decide to do so. We could once again be bound under pain of mortal sin to abstain from meat on Friday if the Bishops decide to do so.
Up until a decade or so ago, we had no idea that psychological illness could cause people to take their own lives. We thought it was a decision to reject Church teaching and to take ones life was to defy that teaching. When I was growing up the notion of psychological disturbance as being an illness was virtually unknown by the common people. Suicide was an abomination practiced by the Japanese and the ancient Romans.

Keep at it and you will learn much on these forums and from the Catechism of the Catholic Church. Just be careful because even on the forums there is sometimes bogus stuff except on the “Ask and Apologist” Forum. In reading the Bible and the catechism don’t just go it alone. Test your conclusions. As you say there is a lot of "official’ stuff that isn’t that easy to understand. 🙂 👍
 
“Not eating meat on Friday was a discipline and one could go to hell for disobeying the rule because the Pope and Bishops have the authority to bind Catholics to certain practices under pain of grave sin. These are the kind of things that can change either way when they decide to do so. We could once again be bound under pain of mortal sin to abstain from meat on Friday if the Bishops decide to do so.”

It’s hard for me to imagine myself being in hell with people like King Herod, Hitler, Judas and Charles Manson and they ask me “what did you do” and I say “ I ate meat on Friday. I could have had a lobster dinner but I decided to stop for a hot dog.”
 
"It’s hard for me to imagine myself being in hell with people like King Herod, Hitler, Judas and Charles Manson and they ask me “what did you do” and I say “ I ate meat on Friday. I could have had a lobster dinner but I decided to stop for a hot dog.”
And Jesus will say… “Hmmm Funny I checked my book here and it says that you did not killed millions like Hitler, or betrayed me like Judas, but willingly disobeyed the authority of my Church, which I clearly state in scripture is my authority”. Rebellion against the authority of God is a terrible thing… Satan tried that and look what it got him into.

In His love
 
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