Intellect is not a Property of Matter

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Turning that around, when I’m scrupulously skeptical, I have no problem accepting the claim that a Jewish rabbi with apocalyptic views named was killed by the Romans for sedition in 1C Palestine. That’s eminently plausible. It may not be true, but I don’t need to reject that upfront, based on what I know of the world.
You evaluated evidence for this that is not merely “common sense” and “intuition”. The same documentary evidence gives claims of the miraculous and encounters with God.

So, to claim that there is “no evidence” doesn’t follow. You should say that “you’re not convinced by the evidence that you see”.
If the claim is added that this man rose from the dead after three days being dead, all the reasoning alarms are sounding off in my head. That’s an outrageous, fantastic claim, something that I reasonably can’t accept without correspondingly fantastic levels of evidence and substantiation of that claim.
At this point, I’d shift to the question of what you think about the other people who accept the evidence.
 
No, it’s not. I don’t think you are lying at all, or being dishonest in any of those claims.
Ok, but let’s keep it in focus.

Claim: You have signatures of 500 people who witnessed you going to the moon and back.

What options do I have, other than lie and dishonesty, in judging this statement?
Does the evidence contained in this statement tell me something about you?
 
What is your objection to the Pythagorean theorem?
It’s theoretical. It’s not true as a statement about the real world. It’s true as statement regarding the rules of the particular geometry Pythagoras employed (flat space). In a curved space geometry, either concave or convex, Pythagoras’ theorem does not hold, the formula doesn’t work.

But the important part is to note that the Pythagorean Theorem is mathematical and nature, and not dependent on real world experience. If we said we trusted in the truth that “all squares have four sides”, we’d be doing something similar, invoking definitions and products of definitions without even addressing the real world.

-TS
 
…the cardboard version of God that Calvinist doctrine proposes.
I apologize for that comment. It’s insulting and I shouldn’t have said that.
 
The Spanish custom is to have two apellidos (surnames), the first being more important, so Ricardo Castañon Gòmez would usually be shortened to Castañon (pronounced cast-AN-yon) rather than Gòmez.

From his facebook page I linked to you on the Ante up! thread, his background says he’s a clinical psychologist. If you search for “Ricardo Castañon” on amazon you’ll find he’s written at least three books, all unavailable. I can also tell you that one of his favorite pop stars is Eric Clapton from his webmii page.

The differences between his facebook and the youtube you posted (see my post here), along with the lack of citations on his Wikipedia page and lack of independent reports leads me to strongly doubt his account of the miracle.

You can use google translate to render text and web pages into English (now also from Latin!). It’s far from perfect, but does a reasonable job.

The hyperlink is the skeptic’s friend. 😉
The claim of “beating heart tissue” under the microscope, five years after collection, from a sink, would be an instant hands-down major article (not just in the letters section) in Nature, if it held up to scrutiny. By his own claims, this specimen was put into a scientific/clinical setting, If there was any truth to those claims, any merit whatsoever, they’d not only be thoroughly documented and discussed in the literature – this is a major find! --, the discovery would be famous at the retail level. The doubters may continue to doubt it, but the facts are the facts, per the literature, if that were true; this specimen was throbbing and “beating” as a living heart might do, under the microscope, after 5 years!!

It must just be attractive to embrace as “true” when it doesn’t pass the smell test, even a little. If we think what would actually take place, what would actually happen if such a specimen were delivered into a scientific/clinical environment, what we can see and find in the aftermath doesn’t match that at all, and in fact is just what we’d expect to see as a beloved tall tale that only finds purchase satisfying religious desires.

-TS
 
It’s theoretical. It’s not true as a statement about the real world. It’s true as statement regarding the rules of the particular geometry Pythagoras employed (flat space). In a curved space geometry, either concave or convex, Pythagoras’ theorem does not hold, the formula doesn’t work.

But the important part is to note that the Pythagorean Theorem is mathematical and nature, and not dependent on real world experience. If we said we trusted in the truth that “all squares have four sides”, we’d be doing something similar, invoking definitions and products of definitions without even addressing the real world.

-TS
No.
the pythagorean theorem has applications to the real world and it is a real truth as well as a mathematical truth.
 
Here you’re changing the topic to what my beliefs are and how I arrived at them. But that, to me just confirms the bias that I’m looking at. You don’t know how I arrived at the Catholic belief or how I view other religious claims. Again, I’m just pointing to your own pre-suppositions (if you will) and how that bias affects your view of the data.
Sure, that’s fine. If we have to “walk a mile in everyman’s shoes” to determine what is reasonably considered actual or real, we can give up on the whole shootin’ match. There aren’t any determinations to be had, and we are presented with a perfect post-modern kind of neo-solipsism, where every person has their own truth, not to be shared, or subject to harmonization with anyone else’s. That may be the case, but if what you say really is necessary, the consequences are catastrophic for all of us in terms of knowledge.
I’ll try again. “Internal witness” was not offered as the “sole discriminating factor”. I was not even engaging in an argument to try to convince you. I was observing that there is evidence from internal conviction and noticing how that evidence is treated by the atheists we encounter on CAF.
Ok, maybe I should have said just “a determnining factor”, an element without which you would not believe as you do. If it’s a factor that tips it one way or the other, its a probelm in terms of rational thinking, I suggest.
In your case, you distorted what I said and immediately started talking about Mormons.
Why?
I don’t think I distorted anything you said. Let’s recap – you pointed to your “internal witness”, and I responded by saying that’s a problem if we’re giving that weight; on those grounds, Mormons are quite compelling (over Catholics) in terms of their “internal witness”. I don’t think that’s a reasonable basis to proceed on, but if you do, and you apparently do, by your measure, I’d be inclined to embrace Mornonism over Catholicism (assuming I don’t have my own “internal witness” one way or another, but am relying on the testimony of the “internal witness” of others).

What’s distrorted there?
Again, I view that as a driving factor in your views on faith. Instead of recognizing that honest people can arrive at rational and logical convictions based on personal evidence (of the kind you use yourself on a daily basis) – you conclude that I’m arguing for Fideism and you go off about how Catholicism is a mental-virus that kills off rationality.
It’s a garbage-in-garbage-out problem (and just to head off raise hackles, that’s the term the concept goes by, and not a claim that anything here is “garbage” by use of that term). You can apply all the rigorous logic and honesty you want, but if you are starting with faulty premises, a bad paradigm, it won’t help you. To apply this, if you accept that God is sovereign over all, no matter what, and just to boot, and immanent on top of that, as axiomatic, then perfect execution on the logic that flows from that, applying it rigorously and honestly to your daily experiences won’t help you out of your error, your embrace of a non-falsifiable, self-validating paradigm. That’s the subtle danger of adopting bogus paradigms, you just make that one mistake, and you can layer on all sorts of “best practices” which you convinced you are being logical and honest (which you are), obscuring the fundamental error in the structure of the paradigm.

Here’s a current example from another thread:
Is there a reason I must read two Anglicans and one Catholic’s POV on this if the Holy Catholic Church has every truth in it herself?
Logically, no. NT Wright can’t overturn, challenge or adjust the truth that the Holy Catholic Church claims authority over (and that’s “every truth” on this account!). Here you have the paradigm preserving itself, defeating any challenges in an *a priori *way, dismissing outright the legitimacy of any potential challenge to the paradigm. This is the same dynamic as young earth creationism, where the axiom denies all evidential or rational challenges. It’s dogma, anti-knowledge at that point.

No matter what logic you pile on top of that, you are hosed in terms of your heuristics.
That’s an extreme reaction, as I see it. So again, I ask why would an otherwise balanced and thoughtful person jump to that kind of conclusion?
Let me take it farther … even in the battle of Fideism and the mention of Mormonism, we do have another, slightly more international, body of believers who embrace blind-faith fideism – namely, our Islamic friends. Mormons don’t deserve a mention in that context.
Yes, I wasn’t shopping for the maximally fideist example with Mormons, and I don’t think they are – I was looking at the intensity and primacy of their “internal witness”. But if you are concerned with fideism, Muslims of course have very strictly enforced injuctions against even questioning the veracity of the Qur’an, even in the details. That’s a triumph of faith over reasoning, I’d say… fideism.
So, I’m trying to put the pieces together. Your reactions to various religious systems – whether attraction or repulsion, provide evidence for how you view God and belief.
I’m sure that’s true.

-TS
 
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reggieM:
This has nothing to do with trying to convince you of anything.
I was remarking, for the sake of fellow Catholics, that there are biases (and you happen to be a test case, but it’s true for any atheist) which we should understand. That can help us communicate with you. It’s a matter of trying to understand your motive and trajectory.
Agree, and I’m happy to declare and discuss those biases (as far as I’m aware of them), and defend them.
That’s important to know and I appreciate the insight. I have little idea about what you know, what aspects of Catholicism you reject or why you reject them. Most atheists come here and demand that Catholics must “speak the language of atheism” to them and they reject anything that’s written in our language. How are we supposed to know which of the many languages of atheism you speak?
A lot of the points I bring out in my posts are focused on the nomenclature invoked, terms used. I don’t know what dialect, if there are distinct dialects I speak, but I spend a lot more time talking to Catholics and evangelicals about these topics than I do talk talking to other atheists. I think I’m your garden variety materialist, with a scientific realist bent, if you want a “starter handle”.

I’ve been reading, arguing and researching theology topics for a long time, though, so I feel comfortable trying to “play on the other team’s turf” language-wise. Where there’s overloading and equivocation, there needs to be some clarification, but words mean whatever we want them to mean, so as long as we have a clear understanding about the meanings of the words we use together, I’m flexible.
Some embrace scientism fully. Many will not accept that there is “any evidence at all supporting Christianity”. Some do not accept historical evidence (documentary evidence) as valid (how do you know that Julius Caesar existed?). Others accept that various “gods” exist, but they are non-theist. Others accept that there are immaterial essences.
Understand,
Ok, that was the point I was getting at. You approach the data with some bias and accept or reject various statements before investigating them because your bias drives your conclusions.
Yes, just like everyone else. The knobs maybe at different settings on the dial for different people, but it’s the same process. Everyone filters (name removed by moderator)ut and new information through their working model of the world.
If you’re here to defend a bias, then that is different than wanting to learn about and explore a topic. In order to learn, I think you have to be open to information and perspectives that conflict with your own biases.
Humans have a remarkable ability for abstraction and meta-analysis. You and I can try on and understand and explore all sorts of complex and subtle ideas provisionally, without having to commit to them personally. I learn a lot here by trying out ideas presented here, provisionally, and I test them, examine them from different angles, and not strictly (or at all, necessarily) from a personal paradigm. It’s a bit like moving from Euclidean geometry to Riemannian geometry – you have to think along different lines and principles, but when you do, you can work from the inside, using the internal rules and consistencies of that framework to see what comes of it.

If you say I have to really believe a thing to understand, I think that may be a rule aimed at chimps and tangs with their brains, rather than humans. I, as a human, have the power to conceptualize and evaluate provisionally (and maybe chimps do, too, and I’m just not aware!).
True, you can still learn by seeking to defend your convictions, but I think you run the risk of denying various claims and closing off opportunities to investigate them.
There’s no free lunch. If I’m not disciplined and skeptical in my thinking, I’ll fall for all sorts of preposterous claims. Been there, done that. I was raised a YEC (which I do understand is not completely my burden to bear, as it was burned into the brain through training and instruction as a child). So there’s risk on that side. On the other side, there is the risk of closing off avenues to understandings or truths that don’t fit into rational or empirical heuristical frameworks. That’s a risk, too. There’s a ditch to fall into on either side of the road, then, and the trick is to maintain a course that avoids the ditches to the left, and the right.
This seems good. I’d react with doubt, not because I tested the empirical data, but through an intuition. I’d trust your claim on Calvinism through an intuition. I look at the probability. Why would I accept that you were raised around Calvinism without evaluating or testing any data?
Because you don’t have a reasonable basis for thinking it’s untrue rather than true. Or maybe you do, in which case, that would be your default position on hearing the claim. But on its face, that seems a claim that’s perfectly uncontroversial in the setting it’s given. And your acceptance is not a blood oath or a lifetime commitment. It’s just a working proposition useful for the purposes of discussion.
Again, we do this daily. We consult internal evidence gathered personally over time.
Probability – I can look at the population and geography. You mention Minnesota. Are there hard-core Calvinists there? Yes - there are your 500 witnesses signing letters about how you went to the moon.
So, there’s the evidence and support. You made a claim and I accept it.
OK! Maybe we’re getting somewhere!

-TS
 
Computers are designed and programmed by human intellect.

Following your analogy, therefore, human intellects must be designed and created by some other kind of intellect.
No, that is a very poor line of reasoning. The implication is that behavior, in this case computation, can emerge from matter without the need to ascribe spiritual aspects to the matter. We do not think of our computers as having souls or intellect. I posit that the brain is merely a biological computer; therefore “intellect” is merely a behavior that emerges from sufficiently advanced computers, while computation is a behavior that arises from appropriately arranged matter. There is no reason to suppose that the human brain exceeds the power of any possible computing system. In fact, personal computers are on track to reach the computational power of the brain in roughly 15 years. People have also proposed that sometime in the next 20 years we will develop a computer capable of passing the Turing test.
 
Computers cannot generate an infinite variety of calculations since they operate within a finite set of rules. The human mind can create an infinite number of rules and new mathematics (which allow an infinite number of computations) that computers cannot.
Human minds do have limits. For an interesting example, read about Anosognosia:
serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro03/web2/cstearns.html

It is perfectly possible that there is some aspect of reality our human brains are incapable of considering. Even though patients with Anosognosia feel that they are being perfectly reasonable, they make wild and illogical claims to explain their disabilities. We could very well all live in a state of anosognosia about something and never know it.
 
Touchstone – many thanks for your thoughtful and detailed commentary in reply. It certainly deserves a response. Unfortunately, I will be away from CAF through this week so I appreciate your patience.

Meanwhile, I have also somewhat derailed the topic of this thread so maybe my absence will be a benefit in more ways than one. 🙂

I appreciate your time on this discussion.
 
OK, understand and that’s an answer I can respect. I want to object about the ‘certainty of the Pythagorean theorem’ as an equivocation on belief and knowledege there, but I get your drift (and nothing is as certainly true as the trivial truth of a tautology!).

As clear and honest as this answer is, though, it always strikes me as basically fideistic. Nevertheless, if this was the basic answer from Catholicism, I’d salute it, because it sure does seem to present itself as a coherent intellectual system at many points.

-TS
Faith and disbelief each are the consequence of choice. But as to the tautology, Pythagorus
thought he had found the key to understanding reality, and without a similar faith Newton would have devoted his whole life to weights and measures rather than puzzling his head over the patterns he saw during his youth.
 
I’m back for a brief summary just to catch up … sorry I can’t do more.
I don’t think I distorted anything you said. Let’s recap – you pointed to your “internal witness”, and I responded by saying that’s a problem if we’re giving that weight; on those grounds, Mormons are quite compelling (over Catholics) in terms of their “internal witness”. I don’t think that’s a reasonable basis to proceed on, but if you do, and you apparently do, by your measure, I’d be inclined to embrace Mornonism over Catholicism (assuming I don’t have my own “internal witness” one way or another, but am relying on the testimony of the “internal witness” of others).
Ok, I shouldn’t go around in circles on this. I think we agreed that I referred to internal rationality (collecting evidence privately and drawing rational conclusions from it) as A source of evidence, not THE SOLE source. We can debate about whether Mormonism provides any basis for building an argument internally (on one of the many threads devoted to Mormonism). I think you’re reading “reasoned conclusion from privately acquired data” as “internal experience” (the Mormon ‘burning in the breast’) alone, with no other qualifying factors to consider.

Feel free to reply again to this if you’d like, but in the interest of keeping the thread on topic I’ll leave it at that.

I distracted the conversation with observations about personal reasoning, and that could include the question of the validity of intuition and of facts gained through personal experience. Those are good topics for other threads also.

As for your personal biases, that’s also a topic for another thread. I’ll argue that your own biases create a paradigm that is equally as self-validating as you claim Catholicism is – and I see your response to that already, (feel free to add more) so I won’t go futher there.

Coincidentally, Vincent Torley wrote a post today on Uncommon Descent on that topic:
My faith is falsifiable, Professor Coyne. Is yours? – so someone may want to pick that up as a thread.

All told, we covered a number of different tangents – each of which could be pursued in great detail.

But again, for the interest of anyone who wants to read through this thread for commentary limited to the topic, I’m going to let all of that go.

Thanks again.
 
Faith and disbelief each are the consequence of choice. But as to the tautology, Pythagorus
thought he had found the key to understanding reality, and without a similar faith Newton would have devoted his whole life to weights and measures rather than puzzling his head over the patterns he saw during his youth.
In one way, Pythagoras did find the key to understanding reality, natural anyway. His proof was something he could test out on paper (er, papyrus?), in the real world, drawing it out, and verifying that yes, the lengths and the angles of the triangle did relate in practice just the way the math indicated. That is the key, tying a model to experience.

But the theorem is a mathematical construct. By itself, it tells us nothing about the world. Deployed in the real world, it performs well, were we are using (approximately) Euclidean space. It turns out that Pythagoras’ theorem was a key test some time ago for looking at the data from our observations to determine if our spacetime is flat, concave, or convex. Pythagoras’ math would only hold if spacetime is flat. As it turns out, Minkowski appears to be flat. Mass curves space in such a way that local measurements won’t agree with Pythagoras, but as the area of spacetime we are looking at approaches “gravity free”, it becomes more and more Euclidean, more “Pythagorean”.

Anyway, the point was that math is a crucial – the crucial – resource in discovering and modeling the natural world around us. Pythagoras’s theorem on its own is not a statement of reality, but applied to the world, it was and is an effective tool for describing the real world.

-TS
 
There is no reason to suppose that the human brain exceeds the power of any possible computing system.
Computers are limited by matter and their code. As such, they cannot generate an infinite kind and amount of information.

Humans, however, can do that.

So,there’s very good reason to suppose that the human mind can exceed the capability of any possible computing system.
 
Human minds do have limits. For an interesting example, read about Anosognosia:
serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro03/web2/cstearns.html
The mind can have limits and still have infinite capacities.
The article you posted (I think) is referencing the processing capability of the mind and the accessiblity of data. This is similar to problems with memory recall – the retrieval of information is not a good way to measure how much is stored.

So, where the mind can be impaired in retrieving memory, it can still generate an infinite number of new concepts.

These new concepts and calculations cannot be physically co-located with molecules in the brain because there is a finite number of molecules.
It is perfectly possible that there is some aspect of reality our human brains are incapable of considering. Even though patients with Anosognosia feel that they are being perfectly reasonable, they make wild and illogical claims to explain their disabilities. We could very well all live in a state of anosognosia about something and never know it.
Yes, but we can agree with your statement here because we share some knowledge about reality – and we know that this particular disorder exists.

There are many things that our minds can’t know – many direct experiences we cannot have. But within the limits that we do have, the mind has an infinite potential, whereas physical nature is finite.
 
In one way, Pythagoras did find the key to understanding reality, natural anyway. His proof was something he could test out on paper (er, papyrus?), in the real world, drawing it out, and verifying that yes, the lengths and the angles of the triangle did relate in practice just the way the math indicated. That is the key, tying a model to experience.

But the theorem is a mathematical construct. By itself, it tells us nothing about the world. Deployed in the real world, it performs well, were we are using (approximately) Euclidean space. It turns out that Pythagoras’ theorem was a key test some time ago for looking at the data from our observations to determine if our spacetime is flat, concave, or convex. Pythagoras’ math would only hold if spacetime is flat. As it turns out, Minkowski appears to be flat. Mass curves space in such a way that local measurements won’t agree with Pythagoras, but as the area of spacetime we are looking at approaches “gravity free”, it becomes more and more Euclidean, more “Pythagorean”.

Anyway, the point was that math is a crucial – the crucial – resource in discovering and modeling the natural world around us. Pythagoras’s theorem on its own is not a statement of reality, but applied to the world, it was and is an effective tool for describing the real world.

-TS
Pythagoras saw mathematics as more than a mental construct but a description of reality. Numbers and/vectors as the basic elements of things. I suppose he came to this conclusion by considering the knowledge piled up by the Egyptians, whose constructions were concerned–like Stonehenge–with the mysteries of the heavens and its order which in some way was replicated on earth. He took a step away from myth. Of course, in a way he replaced it with magic.
 
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