Pew research and statistics say that only 15% of Catholics today believe in the Real Presence. We understood it from our First Communion in 2nd grade - it was critical to our formation as Catholics. It was not something that we even thought to question.
Pew research is likely extremely biased, or you may be reading the results wrong. Other research has found much higher belief.
Part of the problem is how the question is asked, and part of the problem is what people were taught.
Prior to the Baltimore Catechism being thrown out, people learned (I use the term advisedly) the meaning of the term “transubstantiation”. A whole lot of catechesis subsequent to that decision did not use or teach the term. They were taught that Christ was present in the Eucharist; but if the question asked uses transubstantiation as part of the query, results are going to be terrible.
However, it is a false assumption that if people cannot identify the term, they do not believe Christ is present. Other research shows that a quite high number of people, in a survey including Protestants, believe Christ is present. This is not provided to throw this discussion off track - I am well aware of what the Church teaches, both as to the Eucharist, and as to communion celebrations in Protestant denominations. It is rather to point out that Pew shows one thing, and it gets interpreted as something else.
Nor do I suggest that Catholics should not be properly trained; only that Pew asked the question in a way guaranteed to muddy waters when it is referred to.