For a long time I believed that God gives every person sufficient grace to be saved, and some people choose to accept this grace and so be saved whereas some do not. However, I’m not sure how that aligns with James 4:6 which says
“God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble.”
This would imply that not everyone receives sufficient grace to obtain salvation, but only those who are humble.
What is the church’s stance on how God gives grace? Are there any preconditions to grace, such as humility, that a person must have?
You were right all along. God gives sufficient grace to all so they can be saved.
Humility best describes the response that people have who enter salvation. Those who have a humble response do get MORE grace.
The thing that bothers me about this is that it makes man the initiator of his own salvation, because it is man who has to take the first step to humble himself and it is only then that God can give him grace. But I think the Catholic Church teaches that God is the initiator of our salvation.
No, it does not. No human person is the initiator of their own salvation. We cannot ever turn to God without grace.
Acts 17:29-30
29 Since we are God’s offspring, we ought not to think that the deity is like gold, or silver, or stone, an image formed by the art and imagination of mortals. 30 While God has overlooked the times of human ignorance, now he commands all people everywhere to repent
God has created us with a desire to seek Him, and He gives us sufficient grace to respond to His call that we should repent. Some respond with humility, others with pride.
Acts 17:22-28
22 Then Paul stood in front of the Areopagus and said, "Athenians, I see how extremely religious you are in every way. 23 For as I went through the city and looked carefully at the objects of your worship, I found among them an altar with the inscription, ‘To an unknown god.’ What therefore you worship as unknown, this I proclaim to you. 24 The God who made the world and everything in it, he who is Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in shrines made by human hands, 25 nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since
he himself gives to all mortals life and breath and all things. 26 From one ancestor he made all nations to inhabit the whole earth, and he allotted the times of their existence and the boundaries of the places where they would live, 27 **so that they would search for God and perhaps grope for him and find him
— though indeed he is not far from each one of us. 28 For ‘In him we live and move and have our being’; as even some of your own poets have said,
‘For we too are his offspring.’ **
He created us in love, and fashioned our souls so that we could come to know Him even from within ourselves.
The Gk *pselaphao *( translated here “grope”) is also used to describe a person reaching out with their hands in a dark room to find by touching.
Even this “groping” for God is a work of His grace.