Hi Mirdath -
I’ll address a few items that need to be clarified. Here goes -
Hell is a central part of Christianity; it isn’t a universalist creed. There’s no ‘returning to the soil’ in Christian faiths.
Hell has been rethought.
It is true that Hell is a place that exists in Judeo-Christian theology. It has it’s parallel in Greek mythology as Hades. Many more religious structures espouse a belief in an underworld of some type.
In Christian history the Hell of the Middle Ages was fire and brimstone. Present theological thought sees this as metaphor, that the true pain of hell is the seperation from God.
Think of it this way. Let’s say you live with someone for many years. Because of certain issues you find yourself in conflict with that person. The conflict, over time, becomes so central an issue that it results in a breakdown in your relationship with that person. Your emotions and mental attitude change toward that person to the point of rejection, even violent behavior. However, you must remain housed with that person. Think of the turmoil in that house and you have arrived at Hell.
This scenario is common place. How many husbands murder thier wives? Or wives murder thier husbands? Hell is a place of constant torment and a place of your own making.
In my scenario, a simple change of attitude, one of reconciliation instead of conflict would bring you back from hell. The Christian God allows you to make your own choice, and is forgiving of your human mistakes - but only if you take responsibility for them. It is a fatherly relationship.
Your point 2a states -
2a) As we are within God, our actions are always in accordance with its will – if it even has one. God is beyond good and evil; those are human ideas, and in general they serve us pretty well. But they are not the be-all and end-all.
The Christian God subscribes to the good-versus-evil dichotomy; he isn’t beyond the two, and is described as the ultimate Good. That’s a pretty major difference.
The only real disagreement lies in your first sentence - “As we are within God, our actions are always in accordance with its will.” In Christian theology our relationship with God is an aspect of our own free will, which are not always in accordance with His will. Thus sin exists. True, God is beyond good and evil. Humans are not. Evil is demonstrably more than a mere concept. Look at Hitler for instance.
Your point 2b states -
2b) A vengeful god is a false one, for it would condemn itself. And a god who acts out of anger, pettiness, or jealousy is subservient to that emotion.
But he himself said ‘I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God’. And he acted out of wrath many times in the Old Testament especially – I pointed out some examples in a previous post.
In Christian theology, God’s revelation is gradual. The scripture you point out must be historicised. The Hebrews were taken out of Egypt, a place of many gods. The Hebrew God was instructing His people to pay attention to Him ALONE, for He promised them much for thier commitment. They failed many times over.
God did not find satisfaction in these, His chosen people, so He decided to change things. Enter Jesus. Jesus, sent by God His Father, sets things right. He provides a means of forgiveness, not only for the Jews, but for all mankind. He is not limited to certain cultures. He is not limited by area. He has no limits to humanity. Thus, the jealous God of the Old Testament is now a loving God in the New Testament. Jesus removes the need by His Sacrifice.
What does this mean? In the Old Testament, God forgave the Israelites by means of burnt sacrifice. This did not achieve a total reconciliation as these burnt offerings needed to be repeated each time a sin was commited. Christ brought a new message to humanity, one of forgiveness, hope and love. The message changed from “I Am jealouse” to “The greatest act of love is to put one’s own life on the line for one’s friends.”
Jesus’ sacrifice accomplished total reconciliation with His father. However, as Jesus “opened the door,” it is still up to us to walk through it. We must be willing participants.
This is the basis of my statement that you are not excluded. Jesus’ sacrifice extends to you, also.
The Catholic argument. In Catholicism the measure of a true church is it’s Apostolic origin.
Yet it may have fallen from the truth, ‘on this rock’ notwithstanding. The Protestants may be right that they’re a return to the apostolic teachings and the true heirs of Peter. An outsider can’t really know, but only guess.
This cannot be proven historically. Your own question concerning “which church is correct” points to that paradoxical error.
Please read these links -
chnetwork.org/scotthconv.htm
catholic.com/thisrock/2000/0007fea5.asp
One other thing - Ahura Mazda seems to be another name of the very same God of the Judeo-Christian Tradition. I’m no expert on that one, but it looks that way.
Subrosa