Does the Catholic concept of the Trinity suggest that Jesus and the Father are identical ?
While Christ did teach he and the Father were ONE … we also see other teachings where his will was ALWAYS in submission to the Father.
The Jews taught the son is the equal of the father … and they share all things in common. However, the Son was begat. The Son became man … while the Father did not. The Son died, while the Father did not. No one has seen the Father …yet many have seen Christ. Actually, John in Revelations describes the Father … an actual viewing for him, or a vision of God ? At anyrate, the Father and Son have different divine appearances.
Christ uses language in NT to suggest the Father has more knowledge that he does. Even Genesis speaks of God and the Spirit … but, not the Son.
Also, according to Christ we can only come to the Father … via the Son. And no one comes to the Son … unless its the Father’s Will.
Christ was clearly subservient to the Father while here on earth. However, this is probably obligatory, since Christ took on human flesh and was both human & divine. Christ came as prophet, priest, and King. He also taught he existed before Abraham, but didn’t say if he had a beginning apart from the Father.
Jehovah Witnesses claim the Father existed before the Son. And that the Son was ONLY human, a creation of God, and inferior to Him. Even Christ taught that Christians would be better off with the H.S. … than if he stayed on Earth. In otherwords, Christ taught the Father and the H.S. were in some ways superior. Again, probably only limited by his human nature … so now Christ has returned to the Father, he should be the full equal of both the Father & H.S.
Catholics explain the Trinity as one Entity … in 3 persons. Clearly each person in the Trinity has a different role.
You’ve answered some of your queries correctly… but you are still a bit off; Jesus is the Lamb of God; He is also the Son of God; yet, He is the Word which existed with God and is God from the Beginning; Yahweh reveals in the Old Testament that He Alone is God and that no other gods existed before Him nor after Him; yet, Yahweh, the Father, calls Jesus, the Son, God (Hebrews 1:1-13) and through the prophets it is revealed that Jesus is God (Isaiah 9:6-7; Malachi 3:1).
In your haste you have made statements and have absorved a mixture of theology which is flawed… interestingly enough, the point you’ve made about the Holy Spirit was a determining factor that caused a schism in the Church (Roman and Easter/Orthodox); we maintain that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son… Jesus touched on this when He stated adamantly that He had to return to the Father otherwise He could not send the Holy Spirit to the Church; this, however, does not mean that the Holy Spirit had power over Jesus or that the Father was a greater God–quite the contrary, He, Jesus, was the One who would send the other Paraclete onto the world for, as St. John the Baptist stated, “He will Baptize in the Holy Spirit.”
Further, we know that the Holy Spirit is the Spirit of God, the Father, and the Spirit of God, the Son:
Romans 8:9
You, however, are controlled not by the sinful nature but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ.
1 Corinthians 2:10
but God has revealed it to us by his Spirit. The Spirit searches all things, even the deep things of God.
1 Corinthians 12:3
Therefore I tell you that no one who is speaking by the Spirit of God says, “Jesus be cursed,” and no one can say, “Jesus is Lord,” except by the Holy Spirit.
Galatians 4:6
Because you are sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, “Abba, Father.”
1 Thessalonians 4:8
Therefore, he who rejects this instruction does not reject man but God, who gives you his Holy Spirit.
Hebrews 10:29
How much more severely do you think a man deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God under foot, who has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant that sanctified him, and who has insulted the Spirit of grace?
1 John 4:2
This is how you can recognize the Spirit of God: Every spirit that acknowledges that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God,
Philippians 1:19
Yes, and I will continue to rejoice, for I know that through your prayers and the help given by the Spirit of Jesus Christ, what has happened to me will turn out for my deliverance.
1 Peter 1:11
trying to find out the time and circumstances to which the Spirit of Christ in them was pointing when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories that would follow.
Man can say that he does not understand the Mystery of the Holy Trinity and all of the other Divine Mysteries; yet, he cannot claim ignorance as a shield for rejection of God!
Maran atha!
Angel