Is science grounded on faith?

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Many atheists today have a strong belief in Positivism… but positivism itself cannot be proven scientifically.
I can’t comment on that. Philosophy is outside my field.

I would point out though that if the Universe can be explained since the instant of the explosion or expansion as you would have it, without any God being involved in the explanation, it seems to me a bit of a stretch to bring in this entity that serves no purpose except to make people feel better about their inevitable death…
 
I can’t comment on that. Philosophy is outside my field.

I would point out though that if the Universe can be explained since the instant of the explosion or expansion as you would have it, without any God being involved in the explanation, it seems to me a bit of a stretch to bring in this entity that serves no purpose except to make people feel better about their inevitable death…
Well there are still a lot of questions about the origin of the universe.

Some scientists reject the big bang theory (although the alternate theories are not very popular).

Also you got it wrong about God. God is not the answer to the HOW but to the WHY.

Why is there something instead of nothing? Science cannot answer such question and I doubt it never can… since it can investigate ONLY what is and nothing else.

So science will (perhaps) answer how the universe developed with some certainty (and it partly has) or even explain how the big bang came to be (that is a big maybe) but still it will never be able to answe WHY there is something, it goes above the scope of science itself.
it seems to me a bit of a stretch to bring in this entity that serves no purpose except to make people feel better about their inevitable death…
The God as ‘feel good placebo’ is quite a common argument from the new-wave atheists… but it is quite flawed.

Observing Christianity (but also many other religions, big and small, old or very old) fear of death (unlike many atheists think) is not a main factor for believing in God or gods.

An example is the Ancient Greek polytheistic religion:
they had a lot of gods, but still death was an undesireble condition for the Greek. There was usually no great reward or punishment them for them (except for th few who wnt into the Elysium or the Tartarus… but most of them did not accordin to their beliefs), but it was just a continuation of life but without passions and desires.

The same goes from the initial beliefs for the Hebrews who tought that rewards and punishments from God applied in this life only and the dead were just uncoscious beings. Some Jews (like the Sadducees) still believed that in Jesus’ time.
 
That sounds like a pretty good description of nothing to me. Shapeless, colourless, formless… Height infinite?
Certainly nothing physical; that’s for sure. What?..Do you happen to “believe” that meaningful statements only apply to physical things?😃 What a surprise! You seem to think that because we cannot measure something that there for it doesn’t exist.That’s not science. That’s positivism, which is a philosophical belief that attempts to rationalize things according to physical principles alone.

Do me a favor. If you are going to do science, then do real science. And if you going to support a philosophical belief as being factual, than show us a good metaphysical reason why we should agree with you instead of presenting a scientific theory. Positivism is not a scientific theory.

In fact…scratch that. Instead, learn the difference between the scientific method and positivism. Once you have done that please, pretty please with sugar on top, get back to me.
 
Certainly nothing physical; that’s for sure. What?..Do you happen to “believe” that meaningful statements only apply to physical things?😃 What a surprise! You seem to think that because we cannot measure something that there for it doesn’t exist.That’s not science. That’s positivism, which is a philosophical belief that attempts to rationalize things according to physical principles alone.

Do me a favor. If you are going to do science, then do real science. And if you going to support a philosophical belief as being factual, than show us a good metaphysical reason why we should agree with you instead of presenting a scientific theory. Positivism is not a scientific theory.

In fact…scratch that. Instead, learn the difference between the scientific method and positivism. Once you have done that please, pretty please with sugar on top, get back to me.
Oh my, you have put a lot of words in my mouth.

Postivism, Utilitarianism, ism, ism, ism… I’m not a philosopher, as I’ve said several times now. Apart from in a political sense, I don’t know anything about isms…
 
Funnily enough, I think that people who denigrate the Scientific method that led to the invention of the very computer they are typing on and the delivery of the electrical energy that runs it are extremely ungrateful.

Fact: The Universe started off very tiny and is now very large, to wit: It exploded.

Provided that it really happened.

I would treat a lot of historical evidence with extreme scepticism. Historians make many claims that are basically opinions. The Inca’s sacrificed humans to appease their God! Did they? How do we know that they weren’t executions of criminals or a cull of people with a contigious disease? We have an unfortunate tendency to pick an explanation that seems suitable and then work around it rather than accepting that we just don’t know things.

Good evening to you…
“denigrate the scientific method”? What are you talking about? I read a great deal of history that can be fact checked. Documents are declassified all the time.

I study the history of technology, just who should I be grateful to?

God bless,
Ed
 
Well there are still a lot of questions about the origin of the universe.

Some scientists reject the big bang theory (although the alternate theories are not very popular).

Also you got it wrong about God. God is not the answer to the HOW but to the WHY.

Why is there something instead of nothing? Science cannot answer such question and I doubt it never can… since it can investigate ONLY what is and nothing else.

So science will (perhaps) answer how the universe developed with some certainty (and it partly has) or even explain how the big bang came to be (that is a big maybe) but still it will never be able to answe WHY there is something, it goes above the scope of science itself.

The God as ‘feel good placebo’ is quite a common argument from the new-wave atheists… but it is quite flawed.

Observing Christianity (but also many other religions, big and small, old or very old) fear of death (unlike many atheists think) is not a main factor for believing in God or gods.

An example is the Ancient Greek polytheistic religion:
they had a lot of gods, but still death was an undesireble condition for the Greek. There was usually no great reward or punishment them for them (except for th few who wnt into the Elysium or the Tartarus… but most of them did not accordin to their beliefs), but it was just a continuation of life but without passions and desires.

The same goes from the initial beliefs for the Hebrews who tought that rewards and punishments from God applied in this life only and the dead were just uncoscious beings. Some Jews (like the Sadducees) still believed that in Jesus’ time.
The old How not Why argument. Why do you believe it makes sense? Have you heard of Evolutionary Psychology? There is no why. All you need is a planet with “the building blocks of life,” a little water, and the right distance from a star, and poof, life. Happens all the time. Spontaneous, kinda like snowflakes. After billions of years, bags of chemicals get brains, and build computers.

God bless,
Ed
 
Postivism, Utilitarianism, ism, ism, ism… I’m not a philosopher, as I’ve said several times now. Apart from in a political sense, I don’t know anything about isms…
Yet you make many positivistic assumptions. O well.
 
Do you happen to “believe” that meaningful statements only apply to physical things?
I don’t see any evidence that there are any non-physical things (that do not emerge from physical things).
You seem to think that because we cannot measure something that there for it doesn’t exist.
Things that do not manifest in a measurable way are indistinguishable from things that do not exist.

Atheist – at least the ones I know in my daily life – aren’t claiming to “do science.” Science gives us information about the world, and on the basis of that information, we can evaluate claims.
 
I don’t see any evidence that there are any non-physical things (that do not emerge from physical things)…
I am assuming from your statement that you accept the existence of non-physical things. You infer the non-physical because you perceive its expression through physical events. But the idea that non-physical things “emerge” from physical things, is a non-scientific belief that you have included which really doesn’t have any evidence to back it, since you first assume without any evidence that because you “perceive” the non physical through physical processes that therefore physical processes are the ultimate cause of non-physical things. I see no evidence of that. In fact, my experience of freewill and my ability to imagine and abstract things from reality, strongly suggests if not proves to me that my intellectual will cannot ultimately be a nature event; despite my dependence on a brain to think. Assuming the very least, i see a relationship between the non-physical and the physical. In any case, i have good reason to think the non-physical things exists, for the simple reason that we cannot logical relate a natural event to an intellectual event; despite superficial appearances.
 
In fact, my experience of freewill and my ability to imagine and abstract things from reality, strongly suggests if not proves to me that my intellectual will cannot ultimately be a nature event; despite my dependence on a brain to think. Assuming the very least, i see a relationship between the non-physical and the physical. In any case, i have good reason to think the non-physical things exists, for the simple reason that we cannot logical relate a natural event to an intellectual event; despite superficial appearances.
Like you said, peer reviewed studies containing examples of thought occurring without a brain are very hard to come by… I’d be willing to wager that is because thought is physical and is dependent on a complex brain for emergence…
 
I am assuming from your statement that you accept the existence of non-physical things. Thoughts, for example, are non-physical, but they are entirely dependent on physical brains. At least, that’s what it seems like from the evidence. If you think otherwise, you’ll have to provide evidence of thought happening without a brain – if you want to convince me
But the idea that non-physical things “emerge” from physical things, is a non-scientific belief that you have included which really doesn’t have any evidence to back it
 
Good afternoon, Sir or Madam, whichever the case may be :).
Funnily enough, I think that people who denigrate the Scientific method that led to the invention of the very computer they are typing on and the delivery of the electrical energy that runs it are extremely ungrateful.
I’m glad you mentioned that. I woke up about 0330 this morning. My conscience wanted my attention :o.

To give credit where it belongs, the empirical viewpoint remains essential in the laboratory.

Also, it turns out I have my own standards of measure for social, religious and such other non -Science topics, to determine the truth or falsity of statements, which I apply. I admit that this is a crude form of falsification.

I would like to apologize for troubling you about this, and to thank you for your courtesy and patience.

I try to restrain my gratitude first to God, then to the people (engineers get the theory to work), then for my pets, rather than to machines and devices.
Although, I have sweet talked my old car, to get it to perform, until I had to junk it. 😃

Anyway, I hope I don’t spend another four hours on just this thread.
And, away we go.
Fact: The Universe started off very tiny and is now very large, to wit: It exploded.
Well, it looks like it exploded, to our present instrumentation, so that’s all we can go with, at present.
Provided that it really happened.
Yes.
Like many other lay people, I tend to mix up an hypothesis with faith. Although, I can see both sides of that, because the hypothesis tends to lend some credibility to the theory.
I would treat a lot of historical evidence with extreme scepticism. Historians make many claims that are basically opinions. The Inca’s sacrificed humans to appease their God! Did they? How do we know that they weren’t executions of criminals or a cull of people with a contigious disease? We have an unfortunate tendency to pick an explanation that seems suitable and then work around it rather than accepting that we just don’t know things.
True, especially since previous practice has been that the conqueror wrote the history. 😛
To my limited knowledge, the German and Japanese accounts after WWII was the first time both sides wrote and published histories of the same conflict. It could have happened before, but I haven’t seen it.

I really with you, about anthropological claims for what the evidence from their digs really mean.
Some times, I stop and really wonder, just how alien the pyramids, or Mojen Daro, or Zimbabwe, or the Anasazi ruins really seem, when compared to our culture and technology; now, I don’t mean ET alien, I mean how alien one set of humans can really be to another, and both sets native to the same planet or even continent.

I enjoy conversing with you.
Good evening to you…
 
True, especially since previous practice has been that the conqueror wrote the history. 😛
To my limited knowledge, the German and Japanese accounts after WWII was the first time both sides wrote and published histories of the same conflict. It could have happened before, but I haven’t seen it.

I really with you, about anthropological claims for what the evidence from their digs really mean.
Some times, I stop and really wonder, just how alien the pyramids, or Mojen Daro, or Zimbabwe, or the Anasazi ruins really seem, when compared to our culture and technology; now, I don’t mean ET alien, I mean how alien one set of humans can really be to another, and both sets native to the same planet or even continent.

I enjoy conversing with you.
I’ve enjoyed it too… 🙂
 
Moonstruck888
You want me to explain over a hundred years of particle physics research in a couple of sentences? If you are familiar with particle physics, you know that is impossible.
I want you to forget particle physics and answer the question: what does the creation of matter have to do with angular momentum and the conservation of mass energy? If you know something that I don’t, I’d like to know? I suspect that your particle physics twaddle is nothing more than obfuscation.
Surely you know how matter and antimatter can be formed by colliding high energy photons? Type in matter formation or baryongenesis into Google and you’ll get more reference material than you can possibly read.
I looked up “matter formation”, nothing there about angular momentum. What’s with the “baryongenesis” clue, I realized that what you meant was baryogenesis a mechanism I am familiar with and it has nothing to do with matter formation; it is a hypothetical theory that purports to explain the asymmetry of matter and antimatter, not the creation of matter.
The Higgs Boson is Hypothetical at the moment, but given the reliablility of the standard model, I would give the Higgs Field more credence than your shapeless, sizeless, colourless, soundless, odourless, massless God.
You are certainly entitled to assume more credence for the Higgs Boson (sometimes referred to as the God Particle) than for God; but it is still a BELIEF and isn’t that the subject of this thread: science grounded in faith? What about the continuous space answer, any comment on that?
And no, scientists don’t believe that. The Large Hadron Collider cannot even come close to generating enough energy to create a Higgs Boson, not by several orders of magnitude
Well they certainly have hope that the Higgs boson shows up, but if it doesn’t then the Higgs boson will continue to be a scientific BELIEF that enhances the contention that there are scientific theories based on faith.
Now, if you are as familiar with particle physics as you claim, you will know that the discovery of EVERY sub atomic particle has been the result of research into plugging mathematical inconsistencies in theory.
If you are implying that the inconsistencies in the model showed up before certain particles were discovered, it is true for some, but not for EVERY sub-atomic particle. Not so for the electron (1891); the proton (1918); the neutron (1932); the muon (1936); kaons (1950), and others. They precededthe mathematical inconsistencies.
If you leave dark energy out of it, you have already answered your own question. Type 1a Supernovae have settled the question of whether the Universe is going to collapse or die a thermodynamic death, and it seems to be the latter.
If you are saying that: the type 1a supernovae confirm that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate which confirms the second law of thermodynamics that predicts a heat death, I’d have to agree with your round–about-way of making your point. Why not be more precise (scientific) and say the second law of thermodynamics predicts the heat death of the universe, period? Adding in the superfluous observation of type 1a supernovae is simplyconfusing. Even without the acceleration of the expansion rate a simple expansion will do the job.
Dark matter is hypothetical at the moment and is irrelevant to this
But dark matter is a scientific BELIEF that gives testimony to the contention that science (not all, of course) is based on faith. You will concede that won’t you?
Yes, I can tell you that, but first you tell me why you don’t just use google to obtain the information? That is what computers are for and this seems unpleasantly like some kind of silly test.
I was just testing your ability to answer a scientific question succinctly. You failed, and I don’t expect to find any value in engaging you in further discussion.
Correct. Until these ideas have supporting evidence, they are the sole provenence of philosophers.
Hmm! For some reason or another I thought all of the items in my list are legitimately called “science” and that they are theories and abstractions considered as science by scientists. Have you any idea how much effort, time, and money has been expended by 100’s and 100’s of PhD’s in Physics on string theory in the last 60-years? And you, a mere Scotch Technician (or do you have an engineering degree?) consign them to the dust bin of Philosophy. Yikes! I am bailing on this discussion.
How can you be truly searching for knowledge if you start with the premise that God exists instead of the question does God exist?
The question: “Does God exist? cannot be answered with a yes or a no; therefore the only way that I can see to produce epistemological knowledge is to start with the premise “God exists” then construct a model that gives a plausible explanation of HOW God might exist without contradicting any of our current scientific knowledge. The two kinds of knowledge exist at separate levels. I feel sorry for those that think that knowledge exists only at the scientific level; they are experiencing an incomplete life.
I am an engineer, and engineering is applied science
Yes engineering is an applied science, but it isn’t science and you should know the difference.

Yppop
 
Moonstruck888 I want you to forget particle physics and answer the question: what does the creation of matter have to do with angular momentum and the conservation of mass energy? If you know something that I don’t, I’d like to know? I suspect that your particle physics twaddle is nothing more than obfuscation.
I looked up “matter formation”, nothing there about angular momentum. What’s with the “baryongenesis” clue, I realized that what you meant was baryogenesis a mechanism I am familiar with and it has nothing to do with matter formation; it is a hypothetical theory that purports to explain the asymmetry of matter and antimatter, not the creation of matter.
Actually, I’ve seen it spelled both ways and I knew that which ever one I picked you would pick the other. Tom-ay-to, Tom-ah-to.

Now do you know what a Baryon is? Do you know how much matter as we know it there would be in the Universe if the Electroweak phase transition hadn’t occurred?

Without the weak nuclear force, you can’t change the flavour of a Quark. Without the electromagnetic force, you don’t have stable energy levels in atoms. Without angular momentum and mass energy being conserved, everything in the Universe would fly apart instantaneously, you and I included… No angular momentum conservation, no matter… No pun intended…
You are certainly entitled to assume more credence for the Higgs Boson (sometimes referred to as the God Particle) than for God; but it is still a BELIEF and isn’t that the subject of this thread: science grounded in faith?
It isn’t really an assumption as such if it is grounded in a working theory. It is a hypothetical construct, I accept that, but to call it a belief is a little disingenuous, and it most certainly is relevant to the subject of whether science is grounded in belief.
What about the continuous space answer, any comment on that?
No comment.
Well they certainly have hope that the Higgs boson shows up, but if it doesn’t then the Higgs boson will continue to be a scientific BELIEF that enhances the contention that there are scientific theories based on faith.
The reason scientists are going to such great lengths to find it is to settle that question. That is hardly a matter of faith, but one of investigation.
If you are implying that the inconsistencies in the model showed up before certain particles were discovered, it is true for some, but not for EVERY sub-atomic particle. Not so for the electron (1891); the proton (1918); the neutron (1932); the muon (1936); kaons (1950), and others. They preceded the mathematical inconsistencies.
Alright, let me rephrase. The reason sub atomic particles, from the Neutrino up, were discovered is because they were needed to make the difference in angular momentum before and after particle interactions equal to zero.

Issac Asimov wrote an excellent book called “The Neutrino” that explains this in detail.
If you are saying that: the type 1a supernovae confirm that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate which confirms the second law of thermodynamics that predicts a heat death, I’d have to agree with your round–about-way of making your point. Why not be more precise (scientific) and say the second law of thermodynamics predicts the heat death of the universe, period? Adding in the superfluous observation of type 1a supernovae is simplyconfusing. Even without the acceleration of the expansion rate a simple expansion will do the job.
No. Thermodynamics only predicts the heat death of the Universe IF THE UNIVERSE IS EXPANDING AT SUCH A RATE THAT THERE IS INSUFFICIENT GRAVITY TO MAKE THE UNIVERSE COLLAPSE. Otherwise, the Universe would collapse into an unimaginably hot singularity again with precisely the same amount of energy as was released in the big bang.

The type 1a observations are therefore quintessential to the prediction.
But dark matter is a scientific BELIEF that gives testimony to the contention that science (not all, of course) is based on faith. You will concede that won’t you?
Dark matter is a hypothetical construct that may or may not exist. We must have evidence.
I was just testing your ability to answer a scientific question succinctly. You failed, and I don’t expect to find any value in engaging you in further discussion.
Yes, I thought as much. It wasn’t really a scientific question, it would merely have proved I can use Google.

The term multiverse was coined in 1895 by the American philosopher and psychologist William James
Hmm! For some reason or another I thought all of the items in my list are legitimately called “science” and that they are theories and abstractions considered as science by scientists. Have you any idea how much effort, time, and money has been expended by 100’s and 100’s of PhD’s in Physics on string theory in the last 60-years? And you, a mere Scotch Technician (or do you have an engineering degree?) consign them to the dust bin of Philosophy. Yikes! I am bailing on this discussion.
A mere Scotch Technician? Scotch is something you drink. As for my being “a mere technician” that is wild speculation on your part. Even if I were a “mere technician” I’d sooner you stick to my argument than make unwarranted assements of my career, which frankly is none of your business…

Oh, and yes, I think string theory is a waste of money. It is based on the notion that dimensions in a mathematical tensor actually equate to spatial dimensions in the Univerese. There is no evidence of that. String theory is just a clever way of arranging numbers and in a tensor a dimension is merely a quantity with variable magnitude…
 
The question: “Does God exist? cannot be answered with a yes or a no; therefore the only way that I can see to produce epistemological knowledge is to start with the premise “God exists” then construct a model that gives a plausible explanation of HOW God might exist without contradicting any of our current scientific knowledge. The two kinds of knowledge exist at separate levels. I feel sorry for those that think that knowledge exists only at the scientific level; they are experiencing an incomplete life.
At least we agree on something. Yes, Does God exist cannot be answered by science.
Yes engineering is an applied science, but it isn’t science and you should know the difference.
Of course I do. You cannot be an engineer without some relevant scientific knowledge though.
 
Actually, I’ve seen it spelled both ways and I knew that which ever one I picked you would pick the other. Tom-ay-to, Tom-ah-to.

Now do you know what a Baryon is? Do you know how much matter as we know it there would be in the Universe if the Electroweak phase transition hadn’t occurred?

Without the weak nuclear force, you can’t change the flavour of a Quark. Without the electromagnetic force, you don’t have stable energy levels in atoms. Without angular momentum and mass energy being conserved, everything in the Universe would fly apart instantaneously, you and I included… No angular momentum conservation, no matter… No pun intended…

It isn’t really an assumption as such if it is grounded in a working theory. It is a hypothetical construct, I accept that, but to call it a belief is a little disingenuous, and it most certainly is relevant to the subject of whether science is grounded in belief.

No comment.

The reason scientists are going to such great lengths to find it is to settle that question. That is hardly a matter of faith, but one of investigation.

Alright, let me rephrase. The reason sub atomic particles, from the Neutrino up, were discovered is because they were needed to make the difference in angular momentum before and after particle interactions equal to zero.

Issac Asimov wrote an excellent book called “The Neutrino” that explains this in detail.

No. Thermodynamics only predicts the heat death of the Universe IF THE UNIVERSE IS EXPANDING AT SUCH A RATE THAT THERE IS INSUFFICIENT GRAVITY TO MAKE THE UNIVERSE COLLAPSE. Otherwise, the Universe would collapse into an unimaginably hot singularity again with precisely the same amount of energy as was released in the big bang.

The type 1a observations are therefore quintessential to the prediction.

Dark matter is a hypothetical construct that may or may not exist. We must have evidence.

Yes, I thought as much. It wasn’t really a scientific question, it would merely have proved I can use Google.

The term multiverse was coined in 1895 by the American philosopher and psychologist William James

A mere Scotch Technician? Scotch is something you drink. As for my being “a mere technician” that is wild speculation on your part. Even if I were a “mere technician” I’d sooner you stick to my argument than make unwarranted assements of my career, which frankly is none of your business… As it happens, I do have a degree…

Oh, and yes, I think string theory is a waste of money. It is based on the notion that dimensions in a mathematical tensor actually equate to spatial dimensions in the Univerese. There is no evidence of that. String theory is just a clever way of arranging numbers and in a tensor a dimension is merely a quantity with variable magnitude…
 
I’ll need evidence that suggests that it is possible to have thoughts without a brain.
I don’t need to. In the reality, what you call dependence is really complementarity. In order for mind to interact with the physical world through physical means, the human mind as we know it requires an interface with a physical substance that caters for our mental needs in terms of interacting with the world of our sense perception. The brain needs a mind to think as a mind, otherwise it is just processes and information. Nothing more. That we process information with the brain and and interact with the world though the brain tells me that there is a relationship in which both substances compliment each other. The dependence you speak of is functional in its implication rather than existential; and the rule of functionality applies only in so far as the mind interacts with the physical world. We have no idea what happens to the mind when brain dies.

The fact is; Immaterial thoughts exist. This destroys absolute naturalism and undermines the superiority of idea that the laws of physics governs all, since we are dealing with something categorically different to physics. If the laws of physics is that which determines the possible existence of everything, then i would expect for there to be physical things only; since a physical effect is intelligibly proportionate to a physical cause, given that reality is fundamentally physical in nature. But it is evident to me that my ideas are not physical in origin or in substance since it is me that wills them and not some mindless atom. The atoms of my brain merely processes, translates, and executes the commands that i give it. Once the idea that all is physical is undermined, there really is no need for me to have any serious doubts in regards to the idea that a mind can exist with out the brain since they are so substantially different as to be complete opposites.

Again you are demanding scientific evidence. But lets think of this rationally. I can understand why a cog wheel turns another cog will; this is intelligible; because the effect is substantially proportionate to the cause. I can see why a computer works through physical events, because the intelligibility of the effect is substantially proportionate to the cause. I can see why a ball moves another ball when they collide, for similar reasons. But i see no substantial rational intelligible reason why i should think that physical events add up to the existence of that which is “non-physical”; and this is because they are so categorically and intelligibly different that their union points to something outside the normal events of physics; suggesting to me that a mind is an existing thing in its own right regardless of whether it expresses itself through physical phenomena or not. I perceive good reason to assume some form of dualism.

Also I can understand how a physical thing might be produced by a supreme mind, since at the very least we know from our selves that we can produce things with our imagination. It is true that we cannot personally manifest our ideas in to reality by thought alone, but we can certainly effect them as is made evident through the placebo effect. But the idea that a mind along with its thoughts is ultimately physical in its origins makes no sense to me at all; since it is not physical and has a degree of freedom from the rules that govern normal physical events. We are dealing with something else; a different aspect of reality entirely; a unity of two realities producing an effect, rather than one reality producing an effect. The idea of the mind emerging form that which is mindless; does not make any “physical” or “scientific” sense.
 
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