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Catechism of the Catholic Church:
631 Jesus "descended into the lower parts of the earth. He who descended is he who also ascended far above all the heavens."476 The Apostles’ Creed confesses in the same article Christ’s descent into hell and his Resurrection from the dead on the third day, because in his Passover it was precisely out of the depths of death that he made life spring forth:
Paragraph 1. Christ Descended into Hell
632 The frequent New Testament affirmations that Jesus was “raised from the dead” presuppose that the crucified one sojourned in the realm of the dead prior to his resurrection.478 This was the first meaning given in the apostolic preaching to Christ’s descent into hell: that Jesus, like all men, experienced death and in his soul joined the others in the realm of the dead. But he descended there as Savior, proclaiming the Good News to the spirits imprisoned there.479
633 Scripture calls the abode of the dead, to which the dead Christ went down, “hell” - Sheol in Hebrew or Hades in Greek - because those who are there are deprived of the vision of God.480 **Such is the case for all the dead, whether evil or righteous, while they await the Redeemer: which does not mean that their lot is identical, as Jesus shows through the parable of the poor man Lazarus who was received into “Abraham’s bosom”:**481 "It is precisely these holy souls, who awaited their Savior in Abraham’s bosom, whom Christ the Lord delivered when he descended into hell."482 Jesus did not descend into hell to deliver the damned, nor to destroy the hell of damnation, but to free the just who had gone before him.483
634 "The gospel was preached even to the dead."484 The descent into hell brings the Gospel message of salvation to complete fulfilment. This is the last phase of Jesus’ messianic mission, a phase which is condensed in time but vast in its real significance: the spread of Christ’s redemptive work to all men of all times and all places, for all who are saved have been made sharers in the redemption.
635 Christ went down into the depths of death so that "the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live."485 Jesus, “the Author of life”, by dying destroyed "him who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and [delivered] all those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong bondage."486 Henceforth the risen Christ holds “the keys of Death and Hades”, so that "at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth."487
IN BRIEF
636 By the expression “He descended into hell”, the Apostles’ Creed confesses that Jesus did really die and through his death for us conquered death and the devil “who has the power of death” (Heb 2:14).
I do believe the official doctrine of the Catholic Church is that he descended into hell/hades (Acts 2:27), where he preached to those in prison who were awaiting him (1 Peter 3:19-20).637 In his human soul united to his divine person, the dead Christ went down to the realm of the dead. He opened heaven’s gates for the just who had gone before him.
Most of the time in the New Testament the distinction is made that “hell” usually refers to the place of the damned (Greek geenna). While the just in “prison” is usually referred to as Abraham’s bosom, and the Greek word “hades” can refer to either as it is simply the common place of the dead although it is usually translated as hell.
In 2 Peter 2:4 the Greek word tartaroō is used (as opposed to “hades” or “geenna”) and some translations translate it as the “lower hell” to specify the place of the damned as opposed to the “upper hell” (my words) which would be the prison of the just awaiting Christ. On the other hand it could also be expressing a deeper and worse punishment for the devils in this lower hell.
This is just my view and opinion which is open to correction, but it makes sense to me.
Usage of Hades blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G86&t=KJV
Usage of Geenna blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1067&t=KJV