Is the "Real Presence" real?

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What do you mean by a “spiritual body?” The terms are contradictory.
I thought Catholics were supposed to be better acquainted with the Bible nowadays, but it seems St Paul didn’t know what he was talking about.
 
I thought Catholics were supposed to be better acquainted with the Bible nowadays, but it seems St Paul didn’t know what he was talking about.
According to the text of First Corinthians, man, in whom concupiscence prevails over the spiritual, that is, the “animal body” (1 Cor 15:44), is condemned to death. He should rise, however, as a spiritual body, man in whom the Spirit will achieve a just supremacy over the body, spirituality over sensuality. It is easy to understand that Paul is here thinking of sensuality as the sum total of the factors limiting human spirituality, that is, as a force that “ties down” the spirit (not necessarily in the Platonic sense) by restricting its own faculty of knowing (seeing) the truth and also the faculty to will freely and to love in truth. However, here it cannot be a question of that fundamental function of the senses which serves to liberate spirituality, that is to say, of the simple faculty of knowing and willing proper to the psychosomatic *compositum *of the human subject.
Just as one speaks of the resurrection of the body, that is, of man in his true corporeal nature, consequently the spiritual body should mean precisely *the perfect sensitivity of the senses, their perfect harmonization with the activity of the human spirit *in truth and liberty. The animal body, which is the earthly antithesis of the spiritual body, indicates sensuality as a force prejudicial to man, precisely because while living—“in the knowledge of good and evil”—he is often attracted and impelled toward evil.
Pope John Paul II
 
I believe what Jesus tells us in the entire Bread of Life discourse. We cannot separate what He says earlier from the last part.

It is true that in John 6 Jesus says:
  1. So Jesus said to them, "Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you have no life in yourselves.
  2. "He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.
  3. "For My flesh is true food, and My blood is true drink.
  4. "He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood abides in Me, and I in him.
Jesus indeed tells us that if whoever eats His flesh and drinks His blood has eternal life. He also says that we have no life in ourselves unless we do so. What does He mean by eating and drinking?

Jesus says much more in the discourse than just these 4 verses and we must accept as true what He tells us there as well in the above verses.

Jesus tells us:
  1. Jesus said to them, "I am the bread of life; he who comes to Me will not hunger, and he who believes in Me will never thirst.
Jesus tells us that if we come to Him we will never hunger and if we believe in Him we will never thirst. I think that He is clearly speaking about spiritual hunger and thirst here, since we still become physically hungry and thirsty. What would normally relieve hunger and thirst? Eating and drinking. But Jesus doesn’t say that: He says coming to Him we will never hunger and believing in Him we will never thirst. He equates coming and believing to eating and drinking.

Jesus goes on to say:
  1. “For this is the will of My Father, that everyone who beholds the Son and believes in Him will have eternal life, and I Myself will raise him up on the last day.”
and:
  1. "Truly, truly, I say to you, he who believes has eternal life.
Jesus is promising that if we believe in Him we will have eternal life. He says nothing about eating and drinking here. So Jesus has made several unconditional statements.
  1. That is we believe in Him we will have eternal life.
  2. That if we eat His flesh and drink His blood we will have eternal life.
  3. Unless we eat His flesh and drink His blood we will not have eternal life.
If eating and drinking are taken literally, and not as being the same as believing, then statement 1 and 3 contradict each other. He promises life if we believe but then tells us we can’t have it unless we also eat and drink. Given the whole context, Jesus is continuing to equate coming and believing with eating and drinking as He started doing in verse 35. If this meaning is given to eat and drink in the second and third statements they do not contradict each other and we can believe everything Jesus tells us in the whole discourse. That this is the correct view is emphasized by looking at the implication of taking statement 2 literally. If He means it literally He is tell us that all we have to do is go to a Catholic Mass and receive the Eucharist even though it is done illicitly. He puts no condition on His statement so that it would not even require faith. Surely He can not mean that, but if we take Him as speaking literally, and believe Him as we must, this is what He is telling us.

Jesus is really present spiritually and is received by taking part in faith.
 
He promises life if we believe but then tells us we can’t have it unless we also eat and drink.
That is because it is both!!! We need to believe **and **partake.

Your strange conclusions are not supported by 2000 years of Apostolic interpretation.
 
To say that really present cannot mean spiritually present is to betray a belief that only the material is real. Interesting.
 
To say that really present cannot mean spiritually present is to betray a belief that only the material is real. Interesting.
Jesus is spiritually present to us in a number of ways: through the indwelling of grace, by his spiritual presence when two or more are gathered in his name, in the proclamation of scripture. These are ways of spiritual presence, (spiritual here meaning not material or physical.) Yet Jesus also promised us his body and blood as our food, and then delivered upon that promise in the Eucharist at the Last Supper.

It is something of a scandal for Jesus to make his one sacrifice of himself present in the Eucharist, both spiritually and corporeally. Yet it is also something of a scandal for the Eternal Word, the Second Person of the Trinity, to take upon himself a human body and soul. God being born of a woman, God living as a man, God suffering and dying, is the scandal of the Incarnation. Which is more difficult, for the Second Person of the Trinity to take on a human body, or for him to make himself present under the appearances of bread and wine?
 
That is because it is both!!! We need to believe **and **partake.

Your strange conclusions are not supported by 2000 years of Apostolic interpretation.
Jesus tells us that if we believe in Him we have eternal life. He puts no restrictions on this. It is flat out statement that belief equals eternal life.

However if He is speaking literally in verse 53 He is contradicting this statement because He tells us that we can only have eternal life if we eat and drink. I believe everything He says so I cannot take verse 53 as literal.

My interpretation is perfectly in line with Augustine’s Homilies on John. And to forestall protests, I am speaking only of his interpretation of John 6, not what his view on the Real Presence might be.
 
Again, the spiritual is not seperate from the physical, therefore the glorified body and blood of Jesus is not some invisible thing that we cannot see or touch. You are somehow saying that it is. The early christians said that the eucharist is the same felsh and blood that died on the cross. I would say that is pretty literal and truly present, not just an invisible presence.
The spiritual is absolutely separate from the physical. The physical existence of this world is not the same as the next. Paul tells us we cannot inherit the Kingdom of GOD as flesh and blood. You keep wanting to equate a physical body of this life with a spiritual body in the after life.
Are you referring to jesus not being flesh and bone? Scripture is certainly clear on that point.
I’m not saying Jesus wasn’t flesh and bone. He certainly was in this life. The Bible doesn’t teach us that a spiritual body in the after life is flesh and blood.
As far as the Eucharist being bones, nerves and the like, i have never read church teaching claiming this. You will have to show me otherwise.
I’ll have to find where I read it for you. But this has been my point all along. I’ve seen this argued many times on this forum that this is exactly what is happening.
God is not limited to time and space, therefore he can easily make the bread transfigure into His flesh and blood(glorified) without the taste or appearance in our limited senses.
You are getting confused at what glorified means in this context. Jesus being glorified refers to HIS conquering death and being resurrected plain and simple. It doesn’t refer to a new body type. The resurrected body is a spiritual body and is not the same as the one that hung on the cross.
No different than if God were to say “you are a fire hydrant” and you still look like a human being in everyway and behave like one. Yet if He wanted you to visibly change into what you actually are, you would certainly look and behave exactly like a fire hydrant, spouting water and all, and cease to be anything resembling a human. This is what he does with the Eucharist and even changes it visibly to be actual heart tissue and blood now and then through the ages.
How can it be heart tissue and not also be nerves and bone?? You’re contradicting yourself here compared to your response from above.
I am not confusing John 6 with the last supper at all.
Let’s read it.
I’ve done this so many times but OK.
51"(BZ)I am the living bread that (CA)came down out of heaven; if anyone eats of this bread, (CB)he will live forever; and the bread also which I will give (CC)for the life of the world is (CD)My flesh."
52(CE)Then the Jews (CF)began to argue with one another, saying, “How can this man give us His flesh to eat?”
53So Jesus said to them, "Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of (CG)the Son of Man and drink His blood, you have no life in yourselves.
54"He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will (CH)raise him up on the last day.
55"For My flesh is true food, and My blood is true drink.
56"He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood (CI)abides in Me, and I in him.
57"As the (CJ)living Father (CK)sent Me, and I live because of the Father, so he who eats Me, he also will live because of Me.
58"This is the bread which (CL)came down out of heaven; not as (CM)the fathers ate and died; he who eats this bread (CN)will live forever."
Words to the Disciples
59These things He said (CO)in the synagogue as He taught (CP)in Capernaum.
60Therefore many of His (CQ)disciples, when they heard this said, “(CR)This is a difficult statement; who can listen to it?”
61But Jesus, (CS)conscious that His disciples grumbled at this, said to them, "Does this (CT)cause you to stumble?
62"What then if you see (CU)the Son of Man (CV)ascending to where He was before?
63"(CW)It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing; (CX)the words that I have spoken to you are spirit and are life.
64"But there are (CY)some of you who do not believe " For Jesus (CZ)knew from the beginning who they were who did not believe, and (DA)who it was that would betray Him.
65And He was saying, “For this reason I have (DB)said to you, that no one can come to Me unless (DC)it has been granted him from the Father.”
Peter’s Confession of Faith
66As a result of this many of His (DD)disciples (DE)withdrew and were not walking with Him anymore.
67So Jesus said to (DF)the twelve, “You do not want to go away also, do you?”
68(DG)Simon Peter answered Him, "Lord, to whom shall we go? You have (DH)words of eternal life.
69"We have believed and have come to know that You are (DI)the Holy One of God."
70Jesus answered them, “(DJ)Did I Myself not choose you, (DK)the twelve, and yet one of you is (DL)a devil?”
71Now He meant Judas (DM)the son of Simon Iscariot, for he, (DN)one of (DO)the twelve, was going to betray Him.
And so we see, Jesus was entirely literal, and never was symbolic in what He commanded. As far as vs. 63 where you think it means that jesus is only speaking symbolically, you are incorrect. Jesus is asking if this teaching makes them stumble(doubt in disbelief). he then differentiates between having faith only in things they see, which is of the flesh, and having faith in things not seen or able to be understood, which is of the Spirit.
Christ is not speaking of His flesh, for His flesh avails us everything, eternal life, specifically.
I’m not implying that this is where Jesus refers to the Eucharist symbolically. In verse 63 he is clarifying that the flesh means nothing plain and simple. So why eat it? We don’t. We don’t eat the Eucharist to receive eternal life. We believe in Jesus to have eternal life. Jesus is using this entire teaching to tell the Jews they have to believe (feed on HIM) to have eternal life. Not eat HIS flesh and blood. Jesus says if we don’t eat HIM (i.e. believe in HIM) we can’t be raised up on the last day. Again we don’t eat the Eucharist to be raised up. We believe to be raised up. We partake in the supper as an act of obedience to our faith. Notice Peter’s response states that they BELIEVE.
if by “spiritual” you mean that he is Truly present in what appears to be bread and wine, but is actually entirely His glorified flesh and blood, yes. Just as he transfigured water into wine, totally and entirely,
Roman Catholics always use the analogy of the water being turned to wine and this is invalid. Remember the water really turned into wine. It looked like it and smelled like it. It had all the properties of wine. Jesus didn’t say you are drinking water but really it is wine.
so He does so with His flesh and Blood through His chosen and ordained priests in succession with His apostles and the bishops that succeeded them. he commanded them to “do this in re -presentation(remembrance) of me”
the one sacrifice is presented everytime the words of consecration are spoken, just as Christ instructed them to do.read 1 cor 2:14 and chapter 3:4 to see what Jesus was speaking about concerning the flesh and spirit.
Show me where scripture states that only a priest can do this. As far as the scripture you need to stop trying to proof-text the Bible. It doesn’t work.

The word used in the Greek for remembrance is Amnesis. This word means memorial. To literally stop what you are doing and meditate on the event or situation you are recalling. Jesus wants us to see the bread and wine as HIS body and blood, which I do, then do it in amnesis (remembrance/memorial) of HIM.
Maybe we are. jesus truly gives us His flesh and blood(glorified). he was in a glorified state of body when he approached Thomas, and still is today. he gives us that same Flesh and blood at every mass. just as the same few fish and loaves were multi located, so is the flesh and blood of our Saviour. they were never multiplied, thy were multilocated, the very same fish and loaves they started with.So too is the Body and Blood of Jesus, all voer the earth, all the time at every single mass every moment of every day. “give us this day, our daily bread.” he IS the Bread of Life which we can eat of and not die, as He stated.
Our daily bread does not refer to Jesus. It refers literally to the food we eat. And again you are mis-using the word glorified to describe Jesus body. The body he presented to Thomas and the others was only to demonstrate that he was the risen man that was crucified. Don’t think that Jesus is still sitting in Heaven with those wounds on HIS body. If he wanted to show them to us he could. But that’s not how HE exists.
If you are mixing up the terms 'body, blood, soul and divinity" in your understanding, this does not mean we are eating nerves, bones and the like. God can make that possible though, he can do anything, he is not limited to time and space or anything for that matter as we are.
Yes GOD can do anything.
My point exactly, they ate the manna in the desert, and lived for the rest of their earthly life, but it did not give them eternal life. It was a foreshadowing of the Bread of life that was to come, and that was fulfilled in Jesus Christ. He in a much greater way gives us His flesh to eat and His blood to drink for eternal life(john 6:54) if you do not eat His flesh and drink his blood you have no life within you. And yes, we believe in jesus, and we also do as he commands through obedience, because obedience is necessary for salvation. Jesus said we must eat his flesh and drink his blood for eternal life john 6:54 and I believe him.
No again we don’t eat and drink his flesh and blood for eternal life. We believe in HIM for eternal life. We obey HIS request to partake in the supper to remember HIS sacrifice on the cross. Not to get eternal life.
show me a Christian who did not believe this in the first 1500 years of Christianity, show me their writings, their church etc and their teachings according to scripture. thank you. ignatius of antioch in 110 ad made it very clear that they believed this.
The Apostles themselves as they wrote in the Didache that it was spiritual. I think many of the early church fathers are taken out of context when you quote just a snippet of their writings. You are badly mis-interpreting Ignatius as well. Do you realize what he is saying about not confessing that the Eucharist is the flesh of Christ? He’s accusing people of not believing and being divided. Notice he states there is one cup to show our unity of HIS blood. Meaning we are united in HIS sacrifice.
RESPONSE
sure!
ps 14:4
Is 9:18-20
Is 49:26
Mic 3:3
2 sam 23:15-17
Rev 17:6, 16
these are all examples of someone 'eating the flesh" in symbolic ways and not literallly. it means to persecute or assault the person. that would mean that jesus would be telling us to persecute and assault him for eternal life in john 6:54
that would be rediculous.
Ahh no they’re not. Again you’re badly misinterpreting what these verses are saying.
i hope you read this carefully, as i am not going to explain these things again. you can grab a catechiosm and rea dthe aearly fathers for confirmation on what the church has always taught, until the invention of sola scriptura by Luther.
peace, justin
Justin I don’t expect you to explain it again as your explanation is nothing more than the official Roman Catholic position on these issues. Maybe you should read carefully what I wrote because I’m not going to explain it again.

PEACE
 
Yes.

In the Catholic understanding of the Eucharist, the bread is gone, the wine is gone, only the appearances remain. And under the appearances of each single piece of the Eucharist, Jesus remains whole and entire.
Ok I’m good to this point:)
What do you mean by a “spiritual body?” The terms are contradictory. Spirit is not matter and does not occupy time or space. Bodies are material, and are extended in time and space.
Not contradictory. What type of body do we have in Heaven? Let’s start there so we can get on the same page.
Jesus has a glorified body. He has a spirit and a body combined. But a glorified body is not immaterial; it is still a material body.
But not flesh and blood like we have now.
We do not chew on the body of Jesus, we chew on the appearances of bread and wine, which are appearances only, not inhering in any substantial object. Beneath those appearances, Jesus remains whole and entire, body and blood, soul and divinity.
If a spiritual body still has material as you say, then Body, blood, soul, and divinity implies that there is a true physical presence that you are chewing on. If you are actually chewing the bread and drinking the wine but Jesus is underneath as material then you would taste it and see it. Given that you don’t it’s spiritual. I think the problem is your description gets confused with an earthly fleshy bloody existence. Given that Leviticus 17 prohibits us from eating the blood of any living thing, we certainly cannot literally be eating Jesus blood. This is contradictory. This is what the Jews had a problem with. They could not recognize that Jesus was not referring to eating HIM as in, “come up here and take a bite out of my flesh”. This is what they were grumbling about. He wanted them to get passed that and believe in HIM. That’s the whole point of John 6.

It’s the same as when I say I’m feeding on the word of GOD. I don’t eat the Bible to feed on GOD’s word. I read it. Likewise I don’t eat Jesus flesh and blood to get eternal life and be raised up on the last day. I believe in HIM. That’s called Faith.

PEACE
 
The Word of God is the Word of God. The Logos. God the Son. The Word made flesh. It is theology. It is truth. Read St John AGAIN.
John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. Again the use of the word logos is philosophical.
Yet Christ has St Thomas touch His wounds so that he knows it is a real physical body–Jesus Christ the God-man risen from the dead.
Exactly. To prove that He was the risen Christ.
So you believe that it is His Body and Blood—but you do not believe it. :whacky:
No maybe it’s just above your understanding. When I look at the bread I see Jesus. When I look at the wine I see Jesus blood. I remember HIS sacrifice. But I don’t think I am physically putting HIM in my mouth and chewing on HIS bones and drinking HIS blood.:dts:
Paul indicates that the resurrection body will be new and “spiritual” (but still a physical body).
I think you need to read 1 Cor 15 again. 🤷
No I think you need to re-read it. The physical body is not the flesh and blood that we have now. That flesh and blood cannot enter the kingdom of GOD.
 
Not contradictory. What type of body do we have in Heaven? Let’s start there so we can get on the same page.
In heaven we have a glorified body, the same kind of body that Christ has. A glorified body is a physical body, composed of matter, but not subject to the limitations that we currently have. Are you saying that God eliminates all matter, including our bodies, when we get to heaven? Our bodies were important enough that God the Son took one for himself.
If a spiritual body still has material as you say, then Body, blood, soul, and divinity implies that there is a true physical presence that you are chewing on.
A true physical presence yes, but not a presence that we can touch or influence. All we can influence are the appearances of the bread and wine.

Catholics also believe that Jesus’ body is not multiplied in the Eucharist. Each person receiving communion receives the one and only Jesus, in his entirety. Since we can touch only the appearances of the bread and wine, Jesus is not chewed or cannibalized in any way; He always remains whole and entire.
 
The spiritual is absolutely separate from the physical. The physical existence of this world is not the same as the next. Paul tells us we cannot inherit the Kingdom of GOD as flesh and blood. You keep wanting to equate a physical body of this life with a spiritual body in the after life.

I’m not saying Jesus wasn’t flesh and bone. He certainly was in this life. The Bible doesn’t teach us that a spiritual body in the after life is flesh and blood.

I’ll have to find where I read it for you. But this has been my point all along. I’ve seen this argued many times on this forum that this is exactly what is happening.

You are getting confused at what glorified means in this context. Jesus being glorified refers to HIS conquering death and being resurrected plain and simple. It doesn’t refer to a new body type. The resurrected body is a spiritual body and is not the same as the one that hung on the cross.

How can it be heart tissue and not also be nerves and bone?? You’re contradicting yourself here compared to your response from above.

I’ve done this so many times but OK.

I’m not implying that this is where Jesus refers to the Eucharist symbolically. In verse 63 he is clarifying that the flesh means nothing plain and simple. So why eat it? We don’t. We don’t eat the Eucharist to receive eternal life. We believe in Jesus to have eternal life. Jesus is using this entire teaching to tell the Jews they have to believe (feed on HIM) to have eternal life. Not eat HIS flesh and blood. Jesus says if we don’t eat HIM (i.e. believe in HIM) we can’t be raised up on the last day. Again we don’t eat the Eucharist to be raised up. We believe to be raised up. We partake in the supper as an act of obedience to our faith. Notice Peter’s response states that they BELIEVE.

Roman Catholics always use the analogy of the water being turned to wine and this is invalid. Remember the water really turned into wine. It looked like it and smelled like it. It had all the properties of wine. Jesus didn’t say you are drinking water but really it is wine.

Show me where scripture states that only a priest can do this. As far as the scripture you need to stop trying to proof-text the Bible. It doesn’t work.

The word used in the Greek for remembrance is Amnesis. This word means memorial. To literally stop what you are doing and meditate on the event or situation you are recalling. Jesus wants us to see the bread and wine as HIS body and blood, which I do, then do it in amnesis (remembrance/memorial) of HIM.

Our daily bread does not refer to Jesus. It refers literally to the food we eat. And again you are mis-using the word glorified to describe Jesus body. The body he presented to Thomas and the others was only to demonstrate that he was the risen man that was crucified. Don’t think that Jesus is still sitting in Heaven with those wounds on HIS body. If he wanted to show them to us he could. But that’s not how HE exists.

Yes GOD can do anything.

No again we don’t eat and drink his flesh and blood for eternal life. We believe in HIM for eternal life. We obey HIS request to partake in the supper to remember HIS sacrifice on the cross. Not to get eternal life.

The Apostles themselves as they wrote in the Didache that it was spiritual. I think many of the early church fathers are taken out of context when you quote just a snippet of their writings. You are badly mis-interpreting Ignatius as well. Do you realize what he is saying about not confessing that the Eucharist is the flesh of Christ? He’s accusing people of not believing and being divided. Notice he states there is one cup to show our unity of HIS blood. Meaning we are united in HIS sacrifice.

Ahh no they’re not. Again you’re badly misinterpreting what these verses are saying.

Justin I don’t expect you to explain it again as your explanation is nothing more than the official Roman Catholic position on these issues. Maybe you should read carefully what I wrote because I’m not going to explain it again.

PEACE
Jesus has a glorified Body, he is not pure spirit. we partake of that actual glorified body.

if i am badly misinterpreting these verses, then every single church did the same for the first 1500 years, and that is impossible.

did you read john 6? jesus specifically said that whoever eats His flesh and drinks His blood has eyernal life and he will raise them on the last day, he who does not…has no life within him.

simple.
 
Jesus has a glorified Body, he is not pure spirit. we partake of that actual glorified body.

if i am badly misinterpreting these verses, then every single church did the same for the first 1500 years, and that is impossible.

did you read john 6? jesus specifically said that whoever eats His flesh and drinks His blood has eyernal life and he will raise them on the last day, he who does not…has no life within him.

simple.
So if an atheist goes to a Catholic Church and receives the Eucharist does he have eternal life? After all, he has eaten the body and blood and everyone who…
 
So if an atheist goes to a Catholic Church and receives the Eucharist does he have eternal life? After all, he has eaten the body and blood and everyone who…
Ah, but as Paul told the Corinthians, to eat and drink unworthily has nearly the opposite effect, in their case even causing physical sickness and death for some.

The atheist would truly consume the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Christ (this is why Catholics are horrified when we see things like consecrated Hosts being offered for sale on eBay), but his spiritual disposition would determine whether he receives the grace of the sacrament or commits a grave sacrilege.

Usagi
 
1323 "At the Last Supper, on the night he was betrayed, our Savior instituted the Eucharistic sacrifice of his Body and Blood. This he did in order to perpetuate the sacrifice of the cross throughout the ages until he should come again, and so to entrust to his beloved Spouse, the Church, a memorial of his death and resurrection: a sacrament of love, a sign of unity, a bond of charity, a Paschal banquet ‘in which Christ is consumed, the mind is filled with grace, and a pledge of future glory is given to us.’"135

1333 At the heart of the Eucharistic celebration are the bread and wine that, by the words of Christ and the invocation of the Holy Spirit, become Christ’s Body and Blood. Faithful to the Lord’s command the Church continues to do, in his memory and until his glorious return, what he did on the eve of his Passion: “He took bread. . . .” “He took the cup filled with wine. . . .” The signs of bread and wine become, in a way surpassing understanding, the Body and Blood of Christ; they continue also to signify the goodness of creation. Thus in the Offertory we give thanks to the Creator for bread and wine,154 fruit of the “work of human hands,” but above all as “fruit of the earth” and “of the vine” - gifts of the Creator. The Church sees in the gesture of the king-priest Melchizedek, who “brought out bread and wine,” a prefiguring of her own offering.155

1334 In the Old Covenant bread and wine were offered in sacrifice among the first fruits of the earth as a sign of grateful acknowledgment to the Creator. But they also received a new significance in the context of the Exodus: the unleavened bread that Israel eats every year at Passover commemorates the haste of the departure that liberated them from Egypt; the remembrance of the manna in the desert will always recall to Israel that it lives by the bread of the Word of God;156 their daily bread is the fruit of the promised land, the pledge of God’s faithfulness to his promises. The "cup of blessing"157 at the end of the Jewish Passover meal adds to the festive joy of wine an eschatological dimension: the messianic expectation of the rebuilding of Jerusalem. When Jesus instituted the Eucharist, he gave a new and definitive meaning to the blessing of the bread and the cup.

1335 The miracles of the multiplication of the loaves, when the Lord says the blessing, breaks and distributes the loaves through his disciples to feed the multitude, prefigure the superabundance of this unique bread of his Eucharist.158 The sign of water turned into wine at Cana already announces the Hour of Jesus’ glorification. It makes manifest the fulfillment of the wedding feast in the Father’s kingdom, where the faithful will drink the new wine that has become the Blood of Christ.159

1336 The first announcement of the Eucharist divided the disciples, just as the announcement of the Passion scandalized them: "This is a hard saying; who can listen to it?"160 The Eucharist and the Cross are stumbling blocks. It is the same mystery and it never ceases to be an occasion of division. “Will you also go away?”:161 the Lord’s question echoes through the ages, as a loving invitation to discover that only he has "the words of eternal life"162 and that to receive in faith the gift of his Eucharist is to receive the Lord himself.

ccc
 
The institution of the Eucharist

1337 The Lord, having loved those who were his own, loved them to the end. Knowing that the hour had come to leave this world and return to the Father, in the course of a meal he washed their feet and gave them the commandment of love.163 In order to leave them a pledge of this love, in order never to depart from his own and to make them sharers in his Passover, he instituted the Eucharist as the memorial of his death and Resurrection, and commanded his apostles to celebrate it until his return; "thereby he constituted them priests of the New Testament."164

1338 The three synoptic Gospels and St. Paul have handed on to us the account of the institution of the Eucharist; St. John, for his part, reports the words of Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum that prepare for the institution of the Eucharist: Christ calls himself the bread of life, come down from heaven.165

1339 Jesus chose the time of Passover to fulfill what he had announced at Capernaum: giving his disciples his Body and his Blood:

Then came the day of Unleavened Bread, on which the passover lamb had to be sacrificed. So Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and prepare the passover meal for us, that we may eat it. . . .” They went . . . and prepared the passover. And when the hour came, he sat at table, and the apostles with him. And he said to them, “I have earnestly desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer; for I tell you I shall not eat it again until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”. . . . And he took bread, and when he had given thanks he broke it and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.” And likewise the cup after supper, saying, "This cup which is poured out for you is the New Covenant in my blood."166
1340 By celebrating the Last Supper with his apostles in the course of the Passover meal, Jesus gave the Jewish Passover its definitive meaning. Jesus’ passing over to his father by his death and Resurrection, the new Passover, is anticipated in the Supper and celebrated in the Eucharist, which fulfills the Jewish Passover and anticipates the final Passover of the Church in the glory of the kingdom.

“Do this in memory of me”

1341 The command of Jesus to repeat his actions and words “until he comes” does not only ask us to remember Jesus and what he did. It is directed at the liturgical celebration, by the apostles and their successors, of the memorial of Christ, of his life, of his death, of his Resurrection, and of his intercession in the presence of the Father.167

1342 From the beginning the Church has been faithful to the Lord’s command. Of the Church of Jerusalem it is written:

They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers. . . . Day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they partook of food with glad and generous hearts.168
1343 It was above all on “the first day of the week,” Sunday, the day of Jesus’ resurrection, that the Christians met "to break bread."169 From that time on down to our own day the celebration of the Eucharist has been continued so that today we encounter it everywhere in the Church with the same fundamental structure. It remains the center of the Church’s life.

1344 Thus from celebration to celebration, as they proclaim the Paschal mystery of Jesus “until he comes,” the pilgrim People of God advances, "following the narrow way of the cross,"170 toward the heavenly banquet, when all the elect will be seated at the table of the kingdom.

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1345 As early as the second century we have the witness of St. Justin Martyr for the basic lines of the order of the Eucharistic celebration. They have stayed the same until our own day for all the great liturgical families. St. Justin wrote to the pagan emperor Antoninus Pius (138-161) around the year 155, explaining what Christians did:

On the day we call the day of the sun, all who dwell in the city or country gather in the same place.
The memoirs of the apostles and the writings of the prophets are read, as much as time permits.

When the reader has finished, he who presides over those gathered admonishes and challenges them to imitate these beautiful things.

Then we all rise together and offer prayers* for ourselves . . .and for all others, wherever they may be, so that we may be found righteous by our life and actions, and faithful to the commandments, so as to obtain eternal salvation.

When the prayers are concluded we exchange the kiss.

Then someone brings bread and a cup of water and wine mixed together to him who presides over the brethren.

He takes them and offers praise and glory to the Father of the universe, through the name of the Son and of the Holy Spirit and for a considerable time he gives thanks (in Greek: eucharistian) that we have been judged worthy of these gifts.

When he has concluded the prayers and thanksgivings, all present give voice to an acclamation by saying: ‘Amen.’

When he who presides has given thanks and the people have responded, those whom we call deacons give to those present the “eucharisted” bread, wine and water and take them to those who are absent.171

1346 The liturgy of the Eucharist unfolds according to a fundamental structure which has been preserved throughout the centuries down to our own day. It displays two great parts that form a fundamental unity:
  • the gathering, the liturgy of the Word, with readings, homily and general intercessions;
  • the liturgy of the Eucharist, with the presentation of the bread and wine, the consecratory thanksgiving, and communion.
The liturgy of the Word and liturgy of the Eucharist together form “one single act of worship”;172 the Eucharistic table set for us is the table both of the Word of God and of the Body of the Lord.173

1347 Is this not the same movement as the Paschal meal of the risen Jesus with his disciples? Walking with them he explained the Scriptures to them; sitting with them at table "he took bread, blessed and broke it, and gave it to them."174

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Yes Jesus did transform into a pure spiritual body. 1 Corinthians 15 states that flesh and blood cannot inherit the Kingdom of God. That the resurrected body is a spiritual body. Paul says Jesus is the last Adam and became a life giving spirit. What other type of body are you trying to suggest HE has?
What you’re referring to as a “spiritual body” may be the same thing we often call a “glorified body” – that is, Jesus’ body post-resurrection, when he could appear from nowhere and such.

Though Jesus’ body was obviously transformed, Catholics at least are careful to insist that it is still a body, and yes, still the same body that suffered on the cross and lay in the tomb. Likewise, though our own resurrected bodies will be different than they are now, they will still be bodies, and our bodies.

That may be the source of the confusion here. We would not call such a body “purely spiritual,” because “spirit” for us means something that is almost the opposite of “body.” God the Father and God the Holy Spirit are pure spirit, but the Son now and forevermore has a body, even if it is a body quite different from the earthly sort we are familiar with.

Does a post-resurrection body have bones and nerves and veins in the same way our bodies do now? I don’t know. But it is still in some sense the same body that died, was buried, and (in our case, though not Jesus’) decayed to dust.

Except for the word “spiritual,” though, we would agree with your assessment. It is Jesus’ post-resurrection glorified body that is present under the appearances of bread and wine. And that body is capable of being on every altar in the world at once and yet not being divided.

Usagi
 
Ah, but as Paul told the Corinthians, to eat and drink unworthily has nearly the opposite effect, in their case even causing physical sickness and death for some.

The atheist would truly consume the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Christ (this is why Catholics are horrified when we see things like consecrated Hosts being offered for sale on eBay), but his spiritual disposition would determine whether he receives the grace of the sacrament or commits a grave sacrilege.

Usagi
So in the same sentence Jesus doesn’t really mean whoever, but He does really mean His flesh and His blood? He puts no restrictions on the whoever.
 
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