Yes, clearly, genetics cannot tell us anything about the soul. I was wondering what the basis was for Granny’s assertion that Adam was the first human person, or for the claim I often hear that “all humans and only humans have an immortal soul.”
The statements need to be analyzed first. The idea the Adam was the first human is tantamount to saying there was in fact a first human, which makes sense on the level of common descent and speciation. What must be unique in the appearance of man defined as a “rational animal” is that “human” so understood cannot come about partially; there cannot be a “missing link” between brute animal and rational animal that is partially human. Being “human”, by its very nature, is an all or none phenomenon in evolutionary history.
There is no reason to think, in response to their natures appropriately considered, that non-humans are possessed of immortal soul, as if “dogs go to heaven” because their soul supposedly survives death of the body.
Hence, this brings one back to original philosophical considerations about the nature of the soul and the different kinds of soul.
Soul is the principle of life and the organizing principle of the material substrate that becomes an organism or body, all under the direction of this animating principle. It is what differentiates non-living matter from matter possessed of life. This difference is not found strictly within matter itself, but rather in the organizing and animating principle of matter. Of things possessing life, only humans, by their nature of possessing intellectual powers and free will, must have have a soul that by its very nature is simple and undivided (immaterial and spiritual), etc. is not subject to generation or corruption.
A full analysis of the natures of the different kinds of soul appears to present problems regarding recent interpretations of genetic information. The answer between the conflict, whether that conflict is real or apparent, is not found by disregarding what is known philosophically about soul and claiming that science “trumps” the issue. That sort of answer may be satisfactory for the science fundamentalist, but philosophers in the tradition of the
philosophia perennis know that their doctrines stand solidly on dianoetic analysis.