Good point. I do not know what life was really like in Judah during Jesus day. I may have read about it, but “knowing” by living in that culture of that time is simply not possible. So, yes, I am probably missing some contextual reference, known to the Jews of that time, understood by the Jews of that time, but never explicitly stated anywhere. That is one of the problems in reading the Bible today. We cannot really understand what we are reading if we are not aware of the historical and cultural contexts. And in some cases, we may never know. I will just have to accept the fact that in this case, I will simply never know for sure.
To lighten things up a bit, I once asked a Priest after Mass, when this passage was read, to explain, since he had not mentioned it during his homily. He couldn’t answer the question, although he tried, and ended the discussion by saying, jokingly, “Maybe Jesus just had a bad hair day.” There are lots of us who will never know the answer – at least to our satisfaction.
Interestingly, I googled around and found this quote by a noteworthy Protestant scholar:
“The other miracle is the cursing of the barren fig tree (Mk. xi 12 ff.),
a stumbling block to many. They feel that it is unlike Jesus, and so someone must have misunderstood what actually happened, or turned a spoken parable into an acted miracle, or something like that. Some, on the other hand, welcome the story because it shows that Jesus was human enough to get unreasonably annoyed on occasion.
It appears, however, that a closer acquaintance with fig trees would have prevented such misunderstandings. ‘The time of the fig is not yet,’ says Mark, for it was just before Passover, about six weeks before the fully-formed fig appears.
The fact that Mark adds these words shows that he knew what he was talking about. When the fig leaves appear about the end of March,
they are accompanied by a crop of small knobs, called taqsh by the Arabs, a sort of fore-runner of the real figs.
These taqsh are eaten by peasants and others when hungry. They drop off before the real fig is formed.
But if the leaves appear unaccompanied by taqsh, there will be no figs that year.** So it was evident to our Lord, when He turned aside to see if there were any of these taqsh on the fig-tree to assuage His hunger for the time being, that the absence of the taqsh meant that there would be no figs when the time of figs came**. For all its fair foliage, it was a fruitless and a hopeless tree.” (Bruce,
Are The New Testament Documents Reliable? [Intervarsity Press; Downers Grove, Ill, fifth revised edition 1992], pp. 73-74; bold emphasis ours)
This is interesting and makes sense.
- Jesus was hungry, so there had to be something to eat on it - it would be just as absurd to look for food on a barren tree as to curse it for not having food.
- To say “it was not the time for figs” doesn’t mean there was no food on it, but rather no RIPE figs. There could have been unripe figs or edible buds.
- Some have pointed out Song of Solomon 2:13 notes “The fig tree forms its early fruit,” indicating some kind of pre-ripened figs.
So thus when Jesus saw many leaves on it but no signs (edible buds) of fruit to come, He “cursed” the tree as a symbolic act of the Jews putting on show but having no intention or indication of good fruit to follow.
It’s all about the edible buds.
