Jesus said that he is, but in the beginning of the Gospel of John, he claims to not be Elijah. So, did John the Baptist just not realize hew as Elijah, or what?
I tripped over that one some years ago. I think John is denying being the messiah, he isn’t really denying being “Elijah”. If John had admitted being Elijah (which he isn’t physically, and Jesus says
if you will accept it, he is Elijah.) the scribes/Pharisees would have possibly have believed him to be claiming to be the Messiah. The culmination of of their questions is the clue there – they want to know the nature of the Baptism. Also, don’t forget John had a miraculous birth only months apart from Jesus, his Father was an Aaronite (High priestly line), etc. He was quite a candidate…
John would later send his disciples to see Jesus and ask his identity – not because John didn’t know who Jesus was at that point – but because his disciples weren’t making the transition over to Jesus. They seemed to think John was the endpoint of prophecy. In Jesus’ reply to John’s disciples, he invokes the prophecy of Isaiah in agreement with John’s description of himself, and also correcting John’s disciples by showing that he, Jesus, was the one opening the eyes of the blind, making the lame walk, etc…
Notice also the question about Jesus’ identity: Matth 16:14 – Whom do people say that the son of man is?
But they said Some John the Baptist, and others say Elias, and others…
But in that line, they don’t mention Messiah…and Peter’s profession is unique in its detection of the nature of the messiah – the Son of the living God.
So, realize, there is uncertainty about the meaning of Elijah with respect to the messiah.
Again in Matthew 17:10 the disciples ask “Why do the scribes say that Elias must come first?”
Jesus answers “Elias indeed
shall come, … and is come” or Mark 9:12, “Elias
also is come…”
So Jesus is illustrating that the prophecy concerning Elijah may have more than one fulfillment.
Notice John the Baptist quotes Isaiah.
Luke 1:23 – "I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness, make straight the way of the Lord,
as said the prophet Isaias.
Isaiah 35:8 And a path and a way shall be there, and it shall be called the holy way:
the unclean shall not pass over it, and this shall be unto you
a straight way, so that fools shall not err therein.
The way in the desert was the way of the Exodus, historically. It is known most strongly for being a wandering in the desert for 40 years. That is, it wasn’t straight… and this was on account of fools who refused to change their ways of sin. The new way was not to be a repeat of the desert, but a correction and new creation of it.
Then Isaiah preaches the voice of that path:
Isaia 40:3 The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.
Then immediately after discussing the crossing of the sea from Egypt. eg: the baptism into Moses. Isaiah says:
Isaiah 43:19 – “I will make a way in the wilderness and rivers in the desert.”
But Isaiah is also the one who prophecies about the messiah, and the virgin with child to Achaz. It isn’t possible for John to cite this without indicating he was a forerunner of the messiah… and Jesus himself.
But Isaiah says nothing about Elijah anywhere so what is it that made the scribes and Pharisees and Jesus suspect and attribute this role to John in the first place?
I don’t think it is that John didn’t know who he himself was – for he correctly cites prophecy about himself. I think the crux is that different people held different views about what “being” Elijah meant – and John did NOT want the interpretation the Pharisees and Scribes were thinking to be attributed to him.
On the other hand, Jesus is broadening the mind of his disciples about the meaning of what Being Elijah means. There is a way in which John acts as Elijah once did or is said to do.