If a layperson lives in a diocese in which orthodoxy is squashed and the “spirit of vatican 2” prevails - what are the guidelines for challenging the bishop (if any) ?
Should we just remain silent and do our own thing? Or do we have a duty to vocally defend orthodoxy? I’d rather not rest on my own opinion or on the opinions of others, but on the opinions of the Church. Anyone have any good references?
Canon 212 of the 1983 Code is useful here:
*Can. 212 §1. Conscious of their own responsibility, the Christian faithful are bound to follow with Christian obedience those things which the sacred pastors, inasmuch as they represent Christ, declare as teachers of the faith or establish as rulers of the Church.
§2. The Christian faithful are free to make known to the pastors of the Church their needs, especially spiritual ones, and their desires.
§3. According to the knowledge, competence, and prestige which they possess, they have the right and even at times the duty to manifest to the sacred pastors their opinion on matters which pertain to the good of the Church and to make their opinion known to the rest of the Christian faithful, without prejudice to the integrity of faith and morals, with reverence toward their pastors, and attentive to common advantage and the dignity of persons.*
This is an important canon, because it establishes the right to enter into dialogue with the hierarchy. However, as other respondents have pointed out, this requires caution because many of the complaints made about pastors are offered in ignorance of the actual latitude and decision-making powers possessed by bishops and their priests. Hence the appeal to knowledge, competence, and prestige being considered before a dialogue develops.
Because canons never exist in isolation, its worth reading all of canons 208-223 on the rights and obligations of the faithful generally:
vatican.va
/archive/ENG1104/__PU.HTM
and the rights and obligations of lay people specifically in canons 224-231:
vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__PV.HTM
I’d agree with the points made regarding the public nature of any such dialogue. All people deserve charity, and canon law reminds us of this on several occasions, especially with regard to our bishops. It may be empowering to envisage ourselves as Jesus cleansing the temple and so make use of equally loud and strident methods, but if we’re going to adopt such techniques we need to be very sure of the ground on which we walk. I think its helpful to imagine the difficulties of our bishops in balancing many needs and wants, sometimes mutually exclusive of each other, and recognise that they need our prayers to support them in their teaching and pastoral roles.