This is an interesting question. Is it possible for the LDS church to fail? I believe that ParkerD said a few weeks ago that there is a “checks and balances” system in place that would prevent this (which apparently was not present in the early Church). This sounds like speculation though.
If agency allowed for the Great Apostasy to occur, does it not allow for another Apostasy to occur, in theory?
In
theory yes, it could fail; the reason why we believe it won’t is because it has been prophesied that it won’t. I will show you an interesting scripture. In the early days of the Church, when the principle of baptisms for the dead was revealed, the Lord commanded the saints to build a temple for that purpose; and He also told them that in the meantime, while the temple was being built, they could perform their baptisms for the dead outside the temple. That was a one-time exception to the rule that the Lord made while the temple was being built; after which no such exception should be allowed. He also told them that He would give them sufficient time to build the temple; and if they failed to build it after the allotted time, it would have serious consequences for the Church:
D&C 124:
32 But behold, at the end of this appointment your baptisms for your dead shall not be acceptable unto me; and if you do not these things at the end of the appointment ye shall be
rejected as a church, with your dead, saith the Lord your God.
33 For verily I say unto you, that after you have had sufficient time to build a house to me, wherein the ordinance of baptizing for the dead belongeth, and for which the same was instituted from before the foundation of the world, your baptisms for your dead cannot be acceptable unto me;
The most important lesson we learn from these verses is the importance with which the Lord views temple work for the dead. The most important work of the Church is saving the living; and next to that comes saving the dead. If it failed in that, it would fail as a Church. But a more serious question would be, if the Church had failed then, would God’s purposes have failed? Would the Restoration have failed? Would the prophecies have failed? I don’t think so. Only
they would have failed; but God’s purposes would have succeeded—with a different group of people if need be. God would have found Himself another people, in a different time and place, who would have been able to make it successful. The Restoration
had to take place—if not with those people, then with some others. Another related question should be, Would it be possible for the Church to fail
now? In
theory I suppose yes; but after overcoming so many obstacles, surviving through it period of greatest weakness, living on to build so many temples, redeeming so many dead, fulfilling so many prophecies, and being greatly strengthened to become a world-wide Church; the likelihood of its failing now I would say is near zero.