According the the Catholic Encyclopedia at the back of my Bible which was published in 1952 there were four distinct types of Mass.
- Pontifical Mass is celebrated solemnly by a bishop assisted by a priest, a deacon [or deacons], and a sub-deacon. From the Introit to the Offertory the celebrant remains at his throne, and at the end of Mass he says the Last Gospel while returning to his throne or to the vestry.
- *Solemn Mass *is sung by a priest assisted by a deacon and sub-deacon, acolytes and a choir. Incense is used after the introductory prayers and before the Lavabo.
- Sung Mass or Missa Cantata [commonly called high Mass in the United States] is sung by the priest with the assistance of a choir, but without deacon and sub-deacon. Incense is not used except by special indult.
- Low Mass is celebrated without music, the entire Mass being said by the priest instead of being sung. Servers or altar boys are the only assistants.
It is interesting to note that the use of incense was not the universal norm but required a special indult.
I fail to understand how some can say that the same four types of Mass are not celebrated in the OF of the Mass. The first three are celebrated every Sunday at our Cathedral when the Bishop is not visiting another parish in the diocese. It is very obvious what type of Mass is being celebrated. The same in my regular parish. The early Mass on Sunday is most definitely a Low Mass while the later one is a Miss Cantata. Whether said in Latin or in the vernacular, they are still the same types of Mass.