For my Christian Brothers and Sisters who are not Catholic on this forum:
Excommunication is scriptural. It is explicitly stated by Our Lord and implicitly mentioned by St. Paul.
First Our Lord: (Mth 18:16-18)
"If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother.
But if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that every word may be confirmed by the evidence of two or three witnesses.”
This next verse is pivotal – read closely (Mth 18:17):
“If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church; and if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.”
Christ next states the following (Mth 18:18)
“Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”
One must ask yourself what Church is Christ referring to that casts out or ‘treats as Gentile’. What Church has the authority to cast out one of its members? Who bestows
such authority? If the Church is an invisible body of believers as many Protestants believe, then how would they be cast out from something invisible? And how would you be able to recognize what they are being cast out? Without authority or a type of
authority who would pronounce the judgment that they are not listening to the Church?
Which Church is not being listened to?
As basic doctrinal Protestantism holds, the ‘sola scriptura’ or the scripture alone is the sole authority. There is no ‘Church authority’ per se since one can diverge over scriptural
interpretations. As such, there really is no authority to cast one out or to be able to claim a Church authority since the basic tenets only holds to scriptural authority. We see this many times that among different Protestant congregations a member will change Churches from one denomination or one protestant congregation to another. And since, everyone holds to only a scriptural authority a person can argue of diverge with their pastor of different theological points and not feel they are jeopardizing their soul.
Here is the important point I’m trying to make. Whatever Church Christ is referring to in
Mth 18:17 must have the authority to treat one as ‘Gentile’ or ‘Taxcollector’ – in Jewish terminology to cast out. This Church must be able to define itself as something definite and visible to be able to recognize members from non-members; otherwise there is nothing to be cast out from. Also this Church must possess a real authority give from God. Christ reiterates on the very next verse the one he stated directly to Peter.
“Verily I say unto you, Whatsoever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.” (Mth 18:18)
Christ is reiterating what he tells Peter in Mth 16. The power to ‘loose and bind’. So we can safely state that Christ communicates to the Apostles the Church. Whatever Church
that Christ establishes must have Apostolic authority to ‘loose and bind’. If it does not, then it has no power to cast out. There is only one Church for the past 2000 years which
claims the apostolic succession of Peter. This Church unlike others claims an authority was given to her by God called ‘infallibility’. That is in her official teachings Peter will always teach the Truth about God. Here is a list of sucessors from Peter listed below:
List of Papal Sucession from the Apostles:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_popes
So one has to ask themselves upon what authority did Luther claim to found a Church – which has systematically different doctrines and beliefs than the one which has existed for 1500 years? If the Church is invisible body of believers, as to my knowledge Luther seemed to claim later on in his life, then how would he be able to cast out others when he denied the basic tenets of ‘Church Authority’ to begin with?
Now on to St. Paul and excommunication see 1 Cor 5:
(here is what he says in reference to a man who is having sexual relations with his Father’s wife in the Church in Corinth)
1 Cor 5:4-5
“In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ,
To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.”
1 Cor 5:13
But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person.
In essence, Paul is stating that when the Church is ‘gathered together’ or praying together to cast out this man who is doing evil for the salvation of his soul. To put him away which is the same language used in the OT for casting out someone in your community.
So Paul is claiming an authority upon which to do this. Note that Paul goes to the Apostles after his conversion to receive such authority even after he is struck with blindness and has the mystical experience; his next action is to seek out the apostles.
What is true reformation of the Church?
True reformation of the Church begins with yourself. The difference between Martin Luther and many great saints is that the saints reformed the Church within. They suffered for
Christ’s mystical body the ‘Church’ and were even persecuted by her members. St. Francis is a shining example who reformed the entire Church and rebuked others by his life and preaching.
My invitation to all my Christian brothers and sisters is this:
Don’t be afraid. Come into the Catholic Church. It is a beautiful Church with perfect doctrine and flawed members. We have saintly people like Mother Teresa, JPII, Saint Franis, St. Augustine, St. Max Kolbe, St. Faustina and many great witnesses. Don’t throw out the apostles and Christ because of Judas.
God love you