Matt 16:18 and 2nd grade grammar!

  • Thread starter Thread starter martino
  • Start date Start date
Status
Not open for further replies.
John 17 3 said:
Matthew 16:18

A survey of patristic writings show that 17 of the early church fathers felt the passage means that the church was built on Peter. This includes Origen and Jerome.

A second view of the church fathers was that the church was built on all the apostles, not simply upon Peter. But a majority of the 45 of the church fathers felt that these words are to be understood of the Faith which Peter had confessed, that is, that this Faith, this profession of faith, by which we believe that Christ is Son of the living God, is the eternal and immovable foundation of the Church.

This is by far the more common interpretation, and it is attested to by the Eastern church fathers Gregory of Nyssa, Cyril of Alexandria, Chrysostom, Theodoret, and Theophylact. It is supposed by such Western fathers as Hilary, Ambrose, Augustine, and Gregory the Great.

That the rock was Peter would not be fully espoused until Siricius, bishop of Rome, in 385 wrote a letter to the bishop Himerius of Tarragona, Spain, arguing for the primacy of Peter.

Though it is a faulty hermeneutical argument, the interpretation that Christ is the Rock does not take away from the third interpretation, held by most of the fathers, that it is upon Peter’s confession that the church rests. In fact some feel that both views are acceptable. Hence Dionysius the Carthusian gives the two interpretations as equally expressing the meaning of the words, saying, "And upon this rock, that is, upon the firmness and foundation of his Faith (i.e., upon that of Peter], or upon this Rock which thou hast confessed, that is Myself, the chief-corner-stone, the lofty mountain of which the Apostle says other foundation can no man lay.

But one of the major rules of biblical interpretation is that there is almost always just one meaning for a given passage. It would be rare for two very distinct ideas to be embedded in one sentence or short paragraph.

**The weight of early church history points to the fact that most church fathers believed that Christ’s statement in regard to the rock has to do with Peter’s confession of who Jesus really is. It is upon that confession that the church will be built. **
:yup:

This letter that this is based on (that the majority of the Early Fathers were of the opinion that Peter was not the Rock) is a forgery. I would like to see who these 45 Church Fathers are. Please give me their quotes. We will try to find a quote saying they did believe in the Petrine ministry.
 
I’m interested in who those 45 early Church Fathers were along with thier dissenting quotes as well. It’s rather difficult to dispute a claim that doesn’t have substance.

SG257
 
40.png
Aris:
This letter that this is based on (that the majority of the Early Fathers were of the opinion that Peter was not the Rock) is a forgery. I would like to see who these 45 Church Fathers are. Please give me their quotes. We will try to find a quote saying they did believe in the Petrine ministry.
Note that he only dropped the Church Fathers’ names. He did not even supply us with any of their quotes as an example.
 
Well, MARTINO,
I see that to be an non-catholic you must first fail your 2nd grade grammar test!

Eph 2:19 Now therefore you are no more strangers and foreigners; but you are fellow citizens with the saints, and the domestics of God, 20 Built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone: (Oops, Paul forgets to uses ROCK for Christ. Just uses a piddly STONE!)

Peter is simply given the position of ROCK, Pierre, Cephas, when Christ is no longer on the earth.
Really? YES:
Jn 21:
…FEED my Lambs…Feed My Sheep…Feed My Sheep!
One of those “feed”'s is actually greek for RULE.

NOW we understand. But We do not believe anyway!
Ok.
“He who does NOT believe shall be condemned!”

Some just find it tooo irresistible to avoid playing hi-risk poker with their souls.
 
40.png
Milliardo:
Note that he only dropped the Church Fathers’ names. He did not even supply us with any of their quotes as an example.
Amen!
And now for our protestant infallible interpreters:
ALL from PROT. or Non-Cath. sources, and I could give a ton more:
1)The Easton’s bible dictionary (Protestant) tells us"Jesus at once recognized Simon, and declared that hereafter he would be called Cephas, an Aramaic name corresponding to the Greek Petros, which means ‘a mass of rock’ …It is he who utters that notable profession of faith at Capernaum (John 6:66-69), and again at Caesarea Philippi (Matt. 16:13-20; Mark 8:27-30; Luke 9:18-20). This profession at Caesarea was one of supreme importance, and our Lord in response used these memorable words: 'Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church."
Code:
 2)The Pocket Bible Dictionary  (Protestant) says   "Pe'ter (Rock), Syriac,CEPHAS (Rock)... His original name was Simon or Simeon but when he was called to the apostleship the Lord gave him the name Peter (CEPHAS) Matthew.16:18, with a prophetic reference to   what he should do and be for the church."

 3)The Bible Encyclopedia (Protestant) tells us"Note that Christ did not speak to the disciples in Greek. He spoke Aramaic, the common language of Palestine at that time. In that language the word for rock is Cepha, which is what Jesus called him in every-day speech   (note that in John 1:42 he was told, "You will be called Cephas").   What Jesus said in Matthew 16:18 was thus: "You are Cepha, and   upon this Cepha I will build my Church."

 4)The Bible Cyclopedia, 1914 (Protestant) says"Peter.   Of Bethsaida on the sea of Galilee. The Gr. For Heb. Cephas,   "rock."..... As "Simon" he was but a   hearer; as Peter or Cephas he became an apostle and the   *foundation rock of the Church*. (Matt. 16:18-19)" 

 5)The Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Bible (Protestant),  Vol. II, p. 1815 says"The Aramaic word for   ‘rock’ is Cepha, and this is without a doubt the word that Jesus used in reference to Peter. In the early Aramaic-speaking Church P. (Peter) was not doubt called ‘Cephas.’...Abundant evidence in the New Testament shows that Peter acted as the head of the apostles during the earthly life of Christ as well as after Christ’s ascension into Heaven;" ...He is the first to publicly profess his faith in Christ, and on this occasion, at Caesarea Philippi, Christ promises him the   primacy in His Church (Mt 16:16-19), a promise fulfilled after Christ’s resurrection when Peter makes a threefold protestation of his undying love for Him (Jn 21,15ff), to atone for his three-fold denial of Him (Mt 26:69-75)."

 6)Dictionary of Biblical Literacy, p. 415   (Protestant) "Peter. Greek ‘Petra’, Aramaic   ‘Cephas’, ‘Rock.’ the name Christ gave to Simon   Bar-Johnah." 

 Cont....
 
7)The Harper’s Bible Dictionary, p. 777 says “The name ‘Peter’is the Greek word for ‘rock’ (petra) and translates an Aramaic name (Cepha’) that also means ‘rock.’ …Peter’s emergence as a leader among Christ’s disciples is reflected in the story found in Matt. 16:18-19 that Christ bestowed the name ‘rock’ on Simon as a sign of his future role as upholder and interpreter of the traditions established by Christ… Peter is credited with being a leader among the disciples during Christ’s ministry…Christ elicits a threefold protestation of love, corresponding to the threefold denial, from Peter before commissioning him to feed Christ’s sheep. These passages suggests that Peter’s leadership among the disciples in the post-Easter church was based on his having been the first disciple to see the risen Lord (e.g., Luke 24:34; Mark 16:7?). … The overall picture of Peter as one of the chief leaders responsible for an expanding Christian mission, first to Jews, then to interested Gentiles, is confirmed by the picture of Peter in Acts 1-15.”
Code:
  8)The New World Dictionary-Concordance to the New American Bible p. 527 (Protestant) says "Peter. Simon or Simeon, which is the Greek form of the name, was son of Jonah.... From Christ he received the name of   Cepha, an Aramaic name which means rock, translated into Greek by the word Petros   (Gal. 2:7, 8)...The power entrusted to Peter is further specified as the power to tie and loose, which, in accordance with the use of the expression in the Jewish tradition, comprises the power to declare something prohibited or licit, or to impose or dispense from, an obligation. This power must be in the context of the power that Peter received, namely authority in the service of the community as it tended towards its eschatological end as expressed in the previous metaphor." 

  9)A Dictionary of the Bible (Protestant) says �3   "Pe’ter,The Greek form of the Aramiac surname Cephas   meaning a rock, which Christ bestowed upon Simon or more properly, Symeon ...Peter ardor, earnestness, courage, vigor, and impetuosity of disposition marked him from the first as the leader of the disciples of Jesus. He is always named first in the lists of the apostles (Matt. x 2; Mark iii 16; Luke vi 14; Acts i 13). In the more intimate circle of the most favored three disciples, he is likewise always named first...The period of leadership in the church, as exhibited in the earlier chapters of The Acts. During these years Peter justified his surname, and fulfilled the prophecy that on him should the edifice of the church be raised (Matt. 16:18). It was by his   hold and strong hand that the church was lead in every step."
 
Then there is the infamous GANG of 3 that gave you Prot’s your 27 books that you so dearly love to interpret infallibly:
Pope Damasus I
Code:
 "Likewise it is decreed . . . that it ought to be announced that . . . the holy Roman Church has not been placed at the forefront [of the churches] by the conciliar decisions of other churches, but has received the primacy by the evangelic voice of our Lord and Savior, who says: 'You are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it; and I will give to you the keys of the kingdom of heaven . . . ' [Matt. 16:18-19]. The first see, therefore, is that of Peter the apostle, that of the Roman Church, which has neither stain nor blemish nor anything like it" (Decree of Damasus 3 [A.D. 382]).

 **Jerome**

 "'But,' you [Jovinian] will say, 'it was on Peter that the Church was founded' [Matt. 16:18]. Well . . . one among the twelve is chosen to be their head in order to remove any occasion for division." (Against Jovinian 1:26 [A.D. 393]).

 **Jerome**

 "I follow no leader but Christ and join in communion with none but your blessedness [Pope Damasus I], that is, with the chair of Peter. I know that this is the rock on which the Church has been built. Whoever eats the Lamb outside this house is profane. Anyone who is not in the ark on Noah will perish when the flood prevails" (Letters 15:2 [A.D. 396]).

 **Augustine**

 "If the very order of Episcopal succession is to be considered, how much more surely, truly, and safely do we number them [the bishops of Rome] from Peter himself, to whom, as to one representing the whole Church, the Lord said, 'Upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not conquer it.' Peter was succeeded by Linus, Linus by Clement . . . In this order of succession a Donatist bishop is not to be found" (Letters 53:1:2 [A.D. 412]).
Keep on playing your hi-risk poker with your souls. Too much Fun, isn’t it?
 
I haven’t gone through every post because there are something like ten pages to this thread! Hopefully my question hasn’t been asked before. I am really sincere in this question.

When I was a Protestant I learned that Jesus was building the church on Peter’s confession. The problem I always had was why does Jesus even say Thou art Peter, if he is building the church upon Peter’s previous words. That doesn’t make sense. Didn’t Peter know his own name? Why would Jesus in mid sentence just remind Peter of his name? I mean if the Protestant translation of the text holds up, then a modern day reading could go something like this.(My own words)

Very good Peter. Only God could have told you this. By the way you’re Peter-just in case you forgot your own name, and on your previous statement I build my church.

The only way that the Protestant view could stand up would be if Jesus thought Peter was a complete idiot and had to be retold his name. So, why from a Protestant view did Jesus remind Peter of his name, what was the point?
 
40.png
deb1:
I haven’t gone through every post because there are something like ten pages to this thread! Hopefully my question hasn’t been asked before. I am really sincere in this question.

When I was a Protestant I learned that Jesus was building the church on Peter’s confession. The problem I always had was why does Jesus even say Thou art Peter, if he is building the church upon Peter’s previous words. That doesn’t make sense. Didn’t Peter know his own name? Why would Jesus in mid sentence just remind Peter of his name? I mean if the Protestant translation of the text holds up, then a modern day reading could go something like this.(My own words)

Very good Peter. Only God could have told you this. By the way you’re Peter-just in case you forgot your own name, and on your previous statement I build my church.

Peter didn’t forget his name, Jesus was just using a play on words. “You are ***petros ***and upon this Petra I will build my church.”

The only way that the Protestant view could stand up would be if Jesus thought Peter was a complete idiot and had to be retold his name. So, why from a Protestant view did Jesus remind Peter of his name, what was the point?
Look at the context:

In verse 13 Jesus asks his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?” Then in verse 15 Jesus asks his disciples, "Who do you say I am?" In verse 16 Peter answers for the disciples when he states, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God." In verse 17 Jesus responds, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for **this **(Peter’s statement, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”) was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven.” Verse 18, “And I tell you that you are petros, and upon this ***Petra ***I will build my church”. As we know ***petros ***is masculine and means a stone while Petra is feminine and means a large mass of rock. Now why would the writer, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit change gender and use a different word when referring to the same person in the same sentence? The answer:

"this rock" in verse 18 refers to the statement Peter had just made, "“You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” Now look at Jesus’ reply, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this (Peters statement) was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven. And I tell you that you are Peter, and on **this rock **( again, Peters statement, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”) I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.”

Scripture says that the church is ‘built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the chief cornerstone.’ (Ephesians 2:20)

‘For no one can lay any foundation other than the one already laid, which is Jesus Christ.’ (1 Corinthians 3:11)

It is crystal clear that the church is built upon Jesus Christ, not Peter!
👋
 
I was looking for an emocion that slapped it’s forehead, Homer Simpson style, but this is the best I could come up with. :banghead:

I guess it will have to do to express my frustration.

SG257

PS: deb1, you got it right!
 
John, I am sorely disappointed with your posts. TNT has quoted various Protestant sources; do you have any comment on them? You also said you have quotes from the early Church Fathers. We have to still wait on that. You keep on posting the same stuff, even if your own Protestant scholars disagree with your assessment.
 
John 17 3:
Look at the context:

In verse 13 Jesus asks his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?” Then in verse 15 Jesus asks his disciples, "Who do you say I am?" In verse 16 Peter answers for the disciples when he states, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God." In verse 17 Jesus responds, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for **this **(Peter’s statement, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”) was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven.” Verse 18, “And I tell you that you are petros, and upon this ***Petra ***I will build my church”. As we know ***petros ***is masculine and means a stone while Petra is feminine and means a large mass of rock. Now why would the writer, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit change gender and use a different word when referring to the same person in the same sentence? The answer:

"this rock" in verse 18 refers to the statement Peter had just made, "“You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” Now look at Jesus’ reply, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this (Peters statement) was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven. And I tell you that you are Peter, and on **this rock **( again, Peters statement, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”) I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.”

Scripture says that the church is ‘built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the chief cornerstone.’ (Ephesians 2:20)

‘For no one can lay any foundation other than the one already laid, which is Jesus Christ.’ (1 Corinthians 3:11)

It is crystal clear that the church is built upon Jesus Christ, not Peter!
👋
Your Infallible interpretation is a real thrill for us here at ignoranamousville.
How ever, the truth is
Christ INSTITUTED the ONE Church. It was Built upon that institution by Peter and the Apostles, under Peter’s Headship
via the command to :FEED…FEED…RULE…My sheep and lambs.
Unless you are the Vicar of Our Lord on Earth, it can only be Peter.
But like I said before, playing poker with your own authority, which is 0, is dangerous to the soul.

Now, you need to raid another garden, this patch was picked clean about 2000 years ago.
BTW:
Let us know when all the Prot Scholars AGREE with YOU.
Or, do they all agree with you now???
YES OR NO???
 
John 17 3:
Here we go again!

The passage in question was written in Greek therefore it reads, “And I tell you that you are petros, and upon this ***Petra ***I will build my church”. As we know ***petros ***is masculine and means a stone while Petra is feminine and means a large mass of rock
No, here YOU go again!
Now, please show us ignoramouses WHERE in scripture PETROS is used for a stone… DOES LITHOS, LITHOI ring a bell?
Ready, we are waiting for Petros as a stone/pebble in Greek Scripture.
HOWEVER, if you cannot find Petros anywhere in Scripture that refers to a stone, pebble etc other than your novel idea in Matt 16, then I would expect you to admit it to all of us here.
Since you have volunteered your infallible Greek, this should be easy.
BTW:
IF CEPHAS means ROCK, did Christ ever use the Aramaic CEPHAS in reference to Peter? Ok, how about Paul using it?
Now, if He did, would He not be correcting your “stoney-pebble” thinking? Yes He would!
**BALL IN YOUR COURT.

ps I’m watching “Locusts” on TV (CBS). It reminds me of this thread.🙂

pps. Let me congratulate you John. You’ve lasted a month on this Forum. Most of them that hold your novelties last about 4 days.
**
 
I have been reading this thread with great interest,
and wanted to warn everyone that the very premise of the thread is shaky. Greek grammar and English grammar are different.
Word order is not very important in Greek.
(sentence order is).
The endings of words tie them together in the Greek, and also make it possible to read the sentences without punctuation (or spaces! for that matter).

Since the argument of the thread revolves on ‘this’ in the English, I thought laying out Peter’s profession and Jesus’ declaration would be of value to all involved.

As an aside the word βαρ in the passage is NOT Greek. It is Aramaic! Bar means ‘son of’.
In Greek ‘son of’ is `υιου (Huiou) 🙂

Mt 16:17 And Jesus answered him, "Blessed are you simon BarJonah for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but my Father who is in heaven … "

Everyone agrees that the ‘this’ referred to in passage Mt 16:17 is to Peter’s confession. The thread is concerned with the ‘this’ in passage Mt 16:18. What does it refer to?

Lets start with some basic Greek to untangle some confusion:

Mt 16:17
και αποκριθεις ο Ιησους ειπεν αυτωι Μακαριος ει Σιμων Βαρ Ιωνα οτι σαρξ και αιμα ουκ απεκαλυψεν σοι αλλ ο Παταρ μου `ο εν τοις ουρανοις

The underlined section is the clause – has not revealed [this] to you.
Notice I put this in brackets, because the Greek does not have the explicit word ‘this’ in that place. The confession is implied, not explicitly pointed at.

ουκ = begin NOT clause.

απεκαλυψεν = verb = απο( ε ) + καλυπ - σε - ν
= away + veil = reveal, σε=aorist tense
= unveiled / revealed
The sigmatic aorist tense probably means past tense, but isn’t really about when it ‘happened’ but rather what has happened.

σοι = singular you.

A literal translation would read:
… flesh and blood did not unveil for you, but my Father in heaven.

The literal translation explains some of the Patristic writings Chrysostom, etc.

Now, lets have all the grammar in the open for Mt16:18.
Sorry, this will be ugly:

Mt 16:18
καγω δε σοι λεγω `οτι συ ει Πετρος και επι ταυτηι τηι πετραι οικοδομησω μου την εκκλησιαν και πυλαι αιδου ου κατισχυσουσιν αυτης

The underlined portion is what everyone is interested in, but I am going to diagram everything the underlined portion depends on.

δε = ‘now/but/and’ a comparison in #0

#0 {καγ - ω = abbreviation for και εγω = and I
Code:
   σοι = for you (singular)
   λεγ - ω = * say  
 }
και
`οτι = because (starts a clause.)

#1{συ = you (singular)
ει = are (you singular)
Πετρ - ος = Peter / Rock masculine (direct object).
Code:
 και = and
 
 επι = on (above/over/upon)

2{ταυτ - ηι = this (ηι=feminine, singular Location )​

Code:
    τ - ηι = the (ηι=feminine, singular Location )
    πετρ-αι = rock (feminine/collective Location )
   }

οικο- δομ - η - σω = house-give/build (σω=I will) 
μου  = of mine/me
τ-ην = the (feminine object/predicate version)
εκ+κλησι-αν = out+calling(sing. fem. predicate)
} clause closed because new subject follows.
και = and
πυλ-αι = Gates ( αι = feminine plural, SUBJECT ).


I apologize for the length of that diagram, but I think everyone will benefit from having it laid out.
The sentence looks like:
{#0} and {#1 {#2} } and …

it is the endings which I have tried to offset with dashes to make discussion easier.

To be continued…*
 
John,

I can’t see the argument being of any use saying that ‘this’ confession and ‘this’ rock are the same ‘this’!.
The first one is just a figment of some translators imagination.

As far as everyone knowing that ‘Petros’ means movable rock, while ‘Petra’ means massive unmovable stone – No, I don’t know that.

I know that petros can mean a massive rock that a normal man could not lift – just like Petra. And I know that Petra can mean a movable rock just like Petros.
I can cite examples of this in Greek.

How do you prove that Petra in scripture is of the immobile variety? Where does this come from?
I have not been able to locate something that would prove this to be the case – and I am REALLY looking.

Are you are citing a tradition? (e.g. a dictionary).

-Thanks.
 
40.png
TNT:
Then there is the infamous GANG of 3 that gave you Prot’s your 27 books that you so dearly love to interpret infallibly:
Pope Damasus I

“Likewise it is decreed . . . that it ought to be announced that . . . the holy Roman Church has not been placed at the forefront [of the churches] by the conciliar decisions of other churches, but has received the primacy by the evangelic voice of our Lord and Savior, who says: 'You are Peter, and upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell will not prevail against it; and I will give to you the keys of the kingdom of heaven . . . ’ [Matt. 16:18-19]. The first see, therefore, is that of Peter the apostle, that of the Roman Church, which has neither stain nor blemish nor anything like it” (Decree of Damasus 3 [A.D. 382]).

Jerome

“‘But,’ you [Jovinian] will say, ‘it was on Peter that the Church was founded’ [Matt. 16:18]. Well . . . one among the twelve is chosen to be their head in order to remove any occasion for division.” (Against Jovinian 1:26 [A.D. 393]).

Jerome

“I follow no leader but Christ and join in communion with none but your blessedness [Pope Damasus I], that is, with the chair of Peter. I know that this is the rock on which the Church has been built. Whoever eats the Lamb outside this house is profane. Anyone who is not in the ark on Noah will perish when the flood prevails” (Letters 15:2 [A.D. 396]).

Augustine

“If the very order of Episcopal succession is to be considered, how much more surely, truly, and safely do we number them [the bishops of Rome] from Peter himself, to whom, as to one representing the whole Church, the Lord said, ‘Upon this rock I will build my Church, and the gates of hell shall not conquer it.’ Peter was succeeded by Linus, Linus by Clement . . . In this order of succession a Donatist bishop is not to be found” (Letters 53:1:2 [A.D. 412]).

Keep on playing your hi-risk poker with your souls. Too much Fun, isn’t it?
You’re pretty long-winded don’t you think?

I know I’m not playing poker with my soul because I place my trust in the hands of the only one who can save, Jesus Christ. You on the other hand, place your trust in your works, the church, the sacraments, Mary, rosaries, dead saints etc. It is you who are playing poker with a pair of deuces while I on the other hand have a Royal Straight Flush!

In Christ Alone!
 
John 17 3:
You on the other hand, place your trust in your works, the church, the sacraments, Mary, rosaries, dead saints etc. It is you who are playing poker with a pair of deuces while I on the other hand have a Royal Straight Flush!

In Christ Alone!
This belongs on another thread but nothing you say here in any way reflects the doctrine of the Cathoic Church. Where do you get these ideas? Did somebody tell you this, or did you just deduce it by what you think you see Catholics doing?

Catholics are saved by grace through faith in the blood of Jesus Christ, offered on the Cross.
 
John 17 3:
You’re pretty long-winded don’t you think?

I know I’m not playing poker with my soul because I place my trust in the hands of the only one who can save, Jesus Christ. You on the other hand, place your trust in your works, the church, the sacraments, Mary, rosaries, dead saints etc. It is you who are playing poker with a pair of deuces while I on the other hand have a Royal Straight Flush!

In Christ Alone!
Why don’t you start different threads on each of these items? It is easier to keep arguements straight that way, both for yourself and us.
 
Status
Not open for further replies.
Back
Top