Matthew 21:28 - The Parable of the Two Sons

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Jesus gives this parable about two sons who are asked to go out to the vineyard, who are these two sons that he’s describing? Is this parable someone in the old testament?
  1. ‘What is your opinion? A man had two sons. He went and said to the first, "My boy, go and work in the vineyard today. 29. He answered, “I will not go,” but afterwards thought better of it and went. 30. The man then went and said the same thing to the second who answered, “Certainly, sir,” but did not go.31. Which of the two did the father’s will?’ They said, ‘The first.’
 
Jesus gives this parable about two sons who are asked to go out to the vineyard, who are these two sons that he’s describing? Is this parable someone in the old testament?
  1. ‘What is your opinion? A man had two sons. He went and said to the first, "My boy, go and work in the vineyard today. 29. He answered, “I will not go,” but afterwards thought better of it and went. 30. The man then went and said the same thing to the second who answered, “Certainly, sir,” but did not go.31. Which of the two did the father’s will?’ They said, ‘The first.’
There are obviously a lot of meanings to this parable… first as a personal morality narrative. Second, we might look at the first son as the gentiles and the second as the jews, with Jesus highlighting the idea that those gentiles who would eventually turn to the new covenant after rejecting the old would be doing His will. This wouldn’t be entirely unreasonable, considering that we can look at the parable of the prodigal son in a similar manner.

A lot of parables have multiple meanings. It’s part of what makes the faith so awesome.
 
There are obviously a lot of meanings to this parable… first as a personal morality narrative. Second, we might look at the first son as the gentiles and the second as the jews, with Jesus highlighting the idea that those gentiles who would eventually turn to the new covenant after rejecting the old would be doing His will. This wouldn’t be entirely unreasonable, considering that we can look at the parable of the prodigal son in a similar manner.

A lot of parables have multiple meanings. It’s part of what makes the faith so awesome.
I thoroughly agree! Amen.

I see your picture - are you in the states? and where did you serve? I was watching CNN last night on Libya and I hear that three (?) dozen correspondents are held up in Rixos hotel. The broadcasters are saying that it will take months before everything is calm down - I just wonder who will replace their leader.
 
The chief priests and elders were challenging Jesus’ authority and Jesus said he would answer them if they answered his question. Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men? They didn’t want to be trapped in an answer so they said they didn’t know. Then Jesus explains about John’s authority in the parable. The first son represents sinners who repented after John preached. The second son was Israel’s leaders who refused John’s message. He came in righteousness and those who followed him did the fathers will.
 
The chief priests and elders were challenging Jesus’ authority and Jesus said he would answer them if they answered his question. Was the baptism of John from heaven or from men? They didn’t want to be trapped in an answer so they said they didn’t know. Then Jesus explains about John’s authority in the parable. The first son represents sinners who repented after John preached. The second son was Israel’s leaders who refused John’s message. He came in righteousness and those who followed him did the fathers will.
Question - about sin then and this is about repentance, its about wanting to understand this. We know that in the garden of Eden both Adam and Eve were given only one commandment to follow verses the commandments at Mt Sinai - the 10 statements (commandments). In both books - Genesis and Exodus, God told Adam "but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die.” and in Deuteronomy 30:15 “See, I set before you today life and prosperity, death and destruction.” (blessing and a curse— Deuteronomy 30:19) Jeremiah 21:8

In the garden, after Eve bites of the fruit she hands it over to Adam- the statement said “Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked”. O.K - here’s the question and also another question about understanding the above verse (see: John 9:41, Jesus said, “If you were blind, you would not be guilty of sin) , we know (also) that there are degrees of sin that causes pain and also punishment to us and even blindness and death to the soul, its like a dead man walking - yet, we’re physically alive but spiritually dead, 'what does it mean that the eyes of both them were open?”. The sin of disobedience in the garden, caused them to be exiled (assuming that the sin that each commitmented was death -now both would have to wait for the redemption - Christ) but on the other end, were those who upheld the law, Pharisees and the Sadducees (and reading from Deuteronomy) it tells us that they disobeyed the law?? The strong punishment seems to be on the leaders of Israel, if I’m understanding this verse, because they did not recognize the day of (not only) of the redemption but also they did not recognize the Messiah. The Sanhedrin (72 in counsel) were leaders from the days of Moses, that he had elected them from out of the twelve tribes - only we know that there were more tribes than listed - 20 tribes (I think). All of these men were given - the Spirit of the Lord, same as Pentecost. (see Exodus 24:9-11, and Numbers 11:16-30). I take it that the punishment - is worse because Christ is acknowledging who will enter the kingdom of Heaven because the sinners recognized Him as being the Christ- their redeemer and the law givers did not.

I understand what sin does - and also how sin can affect us with God. However, what I don’t understand is --the blindness and the hardness of heart. When the Israelites where waiting for the redemption in Egypt - scripture reads that the Israelites were oppressed (edit) - meaning harden. "7 The Lord said, “I have indeed seen the misery of my people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their slave drivers, and I am concerned about their suffering. " When Moses spoke with God, he needed something to convince them that the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, was about to deliver them from the hands of the Egyptians - hard pressed the people might oppose him - the deliverer. Also, meaning - send someone else to do the job. When we lose hope and have very little faith - do we become blinded to the delivery of God’s answer to us? Would we be guilty as well? We know about the law givers - in the Woe statements because they were to lead the people to the redeemer (Messiah) - once they recognized him as an authority. However, the position (they took) was not to see (by prophecy) the redemption or the redeemer - which would have been catastrophic to both the people (on delivering the message and to the Israelite themselves, like in the days of Moses) - the blind leading the blind - What a blindness this was!

Blessing and thank you for responding,
Mary
 
the next verse,

Luke 19:

41As he approached Jerusalem and saw the city, he wept over it 42and said, “If you, even you, had only known on this day what would bring you peace—but now it is hidden from your eyes. 43The days will come upon you when your enemies will build an embankment against you and encircle you and hem you in on every side. 44They will dash you to the ground, you and the children within your walls. They will not leave one stone on another, because you did not recognize the time of God’s coming to you.”

Again, blessings
Mary
 
the system lost my first attempt at a reply.

the ignatius study bible says that the sons refer to those who do and do not heed the message of John the Baptist.

The New Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (which is an extensive list of cross references in the Bible) lists Is 1:16-19 or thereabouts and a couple examples in Ezekiel 18. Both of the latter have people who do and do not heed God’s word.
 
the system lost my first attempt at a reply.

the ignatius study bible says that the sons refer to those who do and do not heed the message of John the Baptist.

The New Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (which is an extensive list of cross references in the Bible) lists Is 1:16-19 or thereabouts and a couple examples in Ezekiel 18. Both of the latter have people who do and do not heed God’s word.
Read all of Ezekiel 3:

24 Then the Spirit came into me and raised me to my feet. He spoke to me and said: “Go, shut yourself inside your house. 25 And you, son of man, they will tie with ropes; you will be bound so that you cannot go out among the people. 26 I will make your tongue stick to the roof of your mouth so that you will be silent and unable to rebuke them, for they are a rebellious people. 27 But when I speak to you, I will open your mouth and you shall say to them, ‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says.’ Whoever will listen let them listen, and whoever will refuse let them refuse; for they are a rebellious people.
 
Question - about sin then and this is about repentance, its about wanting to understand this. We know that in the garden of Eden both Adam and Eve were given only one commandment to follow verses the commandments at Mt Sinai - the 10 statements (commandments). In both books - Genesis and Exodus, God told Adam "but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die.” and in Deuteronomy 30:15 “See, I set before you today life and prosperity, death and destruction.” (blessing and a curse— Deuteronomy 30:19) Jeremiah 21:8

In the garden, after Eve bites of the fruit she hands it over to Adam- the statement said “Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked”. O.K - here’s the question and also another question about understanding the above verse (see: John 9:41, Jesus said, “If you were blind, you would not be guilty of sin) , we know (also) that there are degrees of sin that causes pain and also punishment to us and even blindness and death to the soul, its like a dead man walking - yet, we’re physically alive but spiritually dead, 'what does it mean that the eyes of both them were open?”. The sin of disobedience in the garden, caused them to be exiled (assuming that the sin that each commitmented was death -now both would have to wait for the redemption - Christ) but on the other end, were those who upheld the law, Pharisees and the Sadducees (and reading from Deuteronomy) it tells us that they disobeyed the law?? The strong punishment seems to be on the leaders of Israel, if I’m understanding this verse, because they did not recognize the day of (not only) of the redemption but also they did not recognize the Messiah. The Sanhedrin (72 in counsel) were leaders from the days of Moses, that he had elected them from out of the twelve tribes - only we know that there were more tribes than listed - 20 tribes (I think). All of these men were given - the Spirit of the Lord, same as Pentecost. (see Exodus 24:9-11, and Numbers 11:16-30). I take it that the punishment - is worse because Christ is acknowledging who will enter the kingdom of Heaven because the sinners recognized Him as being the Christ- their redeemer and the law givers did not.

I understand what sin does - and also how sin can affect us with God. However, what I don’t understand is --the blindness and the hardness of heart. When the Israelites where waiting for the redemption in Egypt - scripture reads that the Israelites were oppressed (edit) - meaning harden. "7 The Lord said, “I have indeed seen the misery of my people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their slave drivers, and I am concerned about their suffering. " When Moses spoke with God, he needed something to convince them that the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, was about to deliver them from the hands of the Egyptians - hard pressed the people might oppose him - the deliverer. Also, meaning - send someone else to do the job. When we lose hope and have very little faith - do we become blinded to the delivery of God’s answer to us? Would we be guilty as well? We know about the law givers - in the Woe statements because they were to lead the people to the redeemer (Messiah) - once they recognized him as an authority. However, the position (they took) was not to see (by prophecy) the redemption or the redeemer - which would have been catastrophic to both the people (on delivering the message and to the Israelite themselves, like in the days of Moses) - the blind leading the blind - What a blindness this was!

Blessing and thank you for responding,
Mary
You are welcome and blessings to you. If I understand you correctly, we would be guilty. We must learn from the unfaithful of Israel and pray for faith always.
 
Jesus gives this parable about two sons who are asked to go out to the vineyard, who are these two sons that he’s describing? Is this parable someone in the old testament?
  1. ‘What is your opinion? A man had two sons. He went and said to the first, "My boy, go and work in the vineyard today. 29. He answered, “I will not go,” but afterwards thought better of it and went. 30. The man then went and said the same thing to the second who answered, “Certainly, sir,” but did not go.31. Which of the two did the father’s will?’ They said, ‘The first.’
I agree with other posters on this but I think it could apply to anyone who simply does the right thing in any case-regardless of their proclamation of faith. Likewise we probably all know those who profess faith but live like they have none.

I like St John of the Cross’s statement, "At the evening of life we shall be judged on our love."
 
the system lost my first attempt at a reply.

the Ignatius study bible says that the sons refer to those who do and do not heed the message of John the Baptist.

The New Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (which is an extensive list of cross references in the Bible) lists Is 1:16-19 or thereabouts and a couple examples in Ezekiel 18. Both of the latter have people who do and do not heed God’s word.
Hi Crumpy,

Sorry if I cut you off short. Yes, this passage would refer to the sons and daughters of Israel because Jesus was being confronted by both the Pharisees and the Sadducees - as the passage is teaching a lesson (and it usually begins with, “Moses wrote for us…”)- which is common among a teacher and a student of the Torah. If you read Luke 20, all, you’ll see the back and forth questions - Moses said…and Jesus answers, and then Jesus questions them on the law - and then they begin to think…So, cool! so very very cool!

The parable in Matthew (Luke and Mark - don’t carry this parable together), starts out with "What is your opinion? about two sons who are asked to tend to the vineyard (which the vineyard in the Bible often means Israel and in John 15:1-8, Jesus calls himself the true vine and says his father is the vine dresser who cares for the vineyard.) Next, in the under current of the parable, the lesson gives a edge toward the Messiahship - as in, who do they say I am. (Mark 8:27) as Jesus points the question toward the law givers - doesn’t he? Just in the passage prior to this parable (in Matthew) - the question was asked about John the Baptist, “John’s baptism–was it from heaven, or from men?” The entire chapter reflects the emotions ( aurora persona) of the “The Authority of Jesus” (The Authority of Jesus Questioned)

The parable grabs you - right off the bat - symbolically. The naming of the Messiah - a declaration and his authority which from my understanding the law givers can not play a roll in the determination, a prophet would. So Matthew - hits the mark. But wasn’t Matthew geared within his book - on reflecting Moses, as Luke has a tendency to hit toward the prophet Samuel. If that’s so, then the two sons - would then be Moses and Aaron. Why - I brought up the story of the Exodus, was to illustrate that the Israelites were so hard pressed that they gave up on the Messiah coming. Again, the Israelites suffered years of bondage, Moses was just a little over whelmed at being chosen to lead them out of Egypt with God’s help (Exodus 3:6-14) - asking God to choose someone else - but yet "went". As Moses spoke with God, he needed something to convince them that the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, was about to deliver them from the hands of the Egyptians - hard pressed the people might oppose him - the deliverer.

Coming back with this question, again- and giving another example, is seen in the book of Kings, between Samuel and Saul- Saul and the people had to wait till the seventh days for Samuel’s blessing. The prophet Samuel promised to come and offer the sacrifice and to pray for God’s blessing before the Israelite fought the Philistines. Saul and the people waited till the seventh day; as they looked for Samuel, but they did not see him coming. Toward the end, Saul became very impatient, didn’t wait any longer, he then commanded the people to bring the offering, and he would then offer the sacrifice himself, without waiting for Samuel…What happened? He will soon take away the kingdom from thee, and give it to a better man.

Blessing
Mary
 
I agree with other posters on this but I think it could apply to anyone who simply does the right thing in any case-regardless of their proclamation of faith. Likewise we probably all know those who profess faith but live like they have none.

I like St John of the Cross’s statement, "At the evening of life we shall be judged on our love."
St John of the Cross - I’ve read up a little on and he’s right.
 
You are welcome and blessings to you. If I understand you correctly, we would be guilty. We must learn from the unfaithful of Israel and pray for faith always.
We (include me, also) how many times I have really messed up- badly. You know, when giving advice to someone, it’s something that you have personally gone through yourself and don’t want to repeat. You really have to close your eyes when others are going through it - that feeling of…I can’t watch this. As many times as you may give advice to people, who are close to you, it really is up to them to listen and to take the advice/message in.

It is “all” in the listening and the reliability of the person who’s talking - or writing. The previous post was not a lecture - it really was a question about that type of sin - when we don’t listen to God. It seems to be very severe…and the punishment is very bad.

Blessings
Mary
 
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