The idea of mediator in the Bible is not comprehensible outside of the context of the covenant relationship between the nation of Israel and God.
Point blank… Moses was a mediator between God and man.
Now as all the people witnessed the thunder and lightning, the blast of the shofar and the mountain smoking, they became afraid and trembled. So they took up a position farther away and said to Moses, “You speak to us, and we will listen; but do not let God speak to us, or we shall die.” Moses answered the people, “Do not be afraid, for God has come only to test you and put the fear of him upon you so you do not sin.” So the people remained at a distance, while Moses approached the dark cloud where God was. (Exodus 20:18-21)
The people did not want to hear from God directly so Moses went to speak to God on behalf of the people. Moses took God’s messages to the people brought the people’s answer back to God and so forth. Moses went back and forth between the people and God bringing God’s laws to the people and bringing the poeple’s answer back to God. Moses was mediator of a covenant between God and man.
The NAB puts the passage above under the heading “Moses Accepted as Mediator” and this is the context under which we must understand the title
mediator in the Bible.
The covenant between Israel and God was not perfect. It was a preparation for the perfect covenant mediated by Jesus Christ.
For there is one God.
There is also one mediator between God and the human race,
Christ Jesus, himself human,
who gave himself as ransom for all.
(1 Timothy 2:5)
Moses was only a man, and so he could not be the perfect mediator of a perfect covenant between God and man. Moses could not perfect represent God’s plan to the Jews because Moses was himself only a man.
Jesus is a better mediator than Moses because Jesus is both God and man. Jesus is the perfect mediator between God and man because Jesus is both God and man.
Notice the passage above from 1 Timothy. It mentions “One God” and then “Himself human”. BAM! Right there is the hypostatic union, the fusion of God and man in Christ Jesus. Jesus is the perfect mediator of the perfect covenant because only he can perfectly respresent both God and man - only he is both God and man.
Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred which redeems them from the transgressions under the first covenant.(Hebrews 9:15)
This is the covenant theology of the mediator.
Every covenant in the Bible was sealed with an oath, a shared meal, and a sacrifice and the new covenant mediated by Christ Jesus is no different. We give an oath at baptism and renew it every Easter, we share the Eucharistic meal, and Jesus is the sacrifice. We also sacrifice ourselves in our good works.
This is what the term mediator means in the Bible, and it has little to nothing to do with Mary’s mediation of grace. Jesus mediates a
covenant between God and man and by his sacrifice won the grace we all need for salvation, but Mary mediates the
appliation of the
benefits of that covenant - grace. Grace is distributed by Mary according to God’s will. Mary alone is Full of Grace. Mary alone distributes that grace.
It appears to me that Mary was created a certain way, as the Church teaches in that by a singular grace was created without original sin, and that certain way also continues after the birth of Jesus. This “certain way” isn’t passive but is an active modality, and is not something added but is inherent.
In bringing us the Grace of God that is Jesus, She also continues this role because that is who She was created by God to be. This is how I see this “Mediatrix of all Graces” moniker applied to Her, not only something She did but it being who She is and was created to be.
Earnest’s post is extremely important. Mary made Christ present in the world and that did not stop after she gave birth. It was who she was created to be, to make Christ - grace himself - present in the world. She did so actively 2000 years ago and does so today, in our lives.
Every drop of grace from every prayer comes to us, won by Jesus on the Cross, distributed to us through Mary. Every conversion of every sinner comes through Grace handed to that sinner by Mary. Every bit of sanctifying grace from every confession comes to us through Mary.
And Mary’s mediation of grace is not inconsistent with Christ’s singular mediation between God and man, as Moses the mediator clearly shows.
-Tim-