Here are a few differences between Methodists and Catholics.
1.** Papacy**. While Methodism has a hierarchial structure, it considers only Christ as head of the church. Bishops are regarded more as administrators than bearers of some special God-given spiritual authority.
2. **Mary and Saints**. Methodists do not pray to Mary or the saints. As among other Protestants, Mary is honored, but not venerated.
3. **Clergy**. Clergy generally finish seven years of college, including three years at seminary. They do not need to attend a Methodist seminary, though 14 such seminaries exist, including Boston University, Duke, Emory, and SMU. (Methodists began several hundred colleges in the USA.) Roughly 10,000 women have been ordained - of the 40,000 or so pastors serving United Methodist parishes. Of the 50 or so US bishops, perhaps 10 are women, perhaps an equal number (or more) are African-American. These figures change regularly. Contrary to other postings, practicing homosexuals are not ordained. Clergy, of course, may marry. It is favored among most laity.
4. **Communion**. Communion normally is distributed at the altar, with those receiving often kneeling, sometimes in a line (intinction). Both the cup (grapejuice, not wine) and bread are distributed. Methodists do not believe in transubstantiation. Communion is important, but not nearly as central as in the RC tradition. The communion table welcomes all worshipers, regardless of denomination, who profess Christ.
5. **Social issues**. Methodists traditionally have been very interested in a better society. John Wesley forbid early Methodists owning slaves (although some in the South eventually did). The main Methodist bodies split over slavery in 1845, came back together in 1939. The leaders are often more liberal than the rank and file. The Council of Bishops, for example, will issue sharp statements against the Iraq War and such, while many members will support that war, etc. Abortion, ordination of gays, and gay marriage are three hot issues among Methodists. For years Methodists opposed drinking alcohol, smoking, and gambling - positions that have modified over the years, though most clergy and many laity would still avoid such activities.
A book could be written, but this is a primer to go along with what others may have written. Among prominent US Methodists today - for example - are George Bush, **** Cheney, Hillary Clinton, John Edwards and many in Congress. Methodists elsewhere include Mandela in South Africa and Thatcher in Great Britain The largest Methodist parishes in the world are in Korea, and there are several million Methodists in South America, Africa, Europe (especially England) and Asia. The World Methodist Council counts 80,000,000 'Wesleyans' around the world, not counting constituents who are not official members. Wesleyans would include a variety of other denominations, among them the Salvation Army, Church of the Nazarene and the Church of God.