It CAN be done, just not likely (especially in today’s society). It also wasn’t being done before the Second Vatican Council. If it was, then there wouldn’t have been exhortation after exhortation from the Popes going back to Pope Saint Pius X pleading for people to fully, actively, and consciously participate in the Liturgy.
I think we can all agree that “active” participation doesn’t only mean outward movement. There is active participation even in the periods of sacred silence and in the proper periods of passive listening.
I did a little research into previous uses of that expression in papal and other ecclesial documents. The first papal usage was in 1903 by Pope St. Pius X, whose motto was “Omnia Instaurare in Christo” (To restore all things in Christ). He considered himself a pope of renewal. He issued one of the first documents of his pontificate, a motu proprio called
Tra Le Solicitudini, that is, “Among the Concerns.” This was a document on the renewal of sacred music. In it, the Holy Father states, “In order that the faithful may **more actively participate **in the sacred liturgy, let them be once again made to sing Gregorian Chant as a congregation.”
That’s what the term “active participation” meant when it was first used in a papal document & I agree with that. Even many years later, in the 40s, we had so many choirs who sang Gregorian Chant/Polyphany so beautifully…that many in the congregation did not join in.
In any case, the first use of actuosa participatio, i.e., active participation, referred exclusively to the restoration of the congregational singing of Gregorian Chant. In 1928, Pope Pius XI reiterated the point in his Apostolic Letter,
Divini Cultus. Nineteen years after that, in the Magna Carta of liturgical reform,
Mediator Dei, issued by Pius XII, is a beautiful & complete description of the Catholic Mass. It address both interior & exterior participation during the Mass, explains the difference between the priesthood of the ordained & the laity & tells us about private Masses. It should be a must read for all Catholics. The same term (active participation) was used re the singing of Gregorian Chant by the congregation.
vatican.va/holy_father/pius_xii/encyclicals/documents/hf_p-xii_enc_20111947_mediator-dei_en.html
.** So until the Second Vatican Council, the term “active participation” referred exclusively to the singing of Gregorian Chant by the people.**