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These passages leave no doubt that Mohammed denied the doctrine of the Trinity and that he conceived it to be, or affirmed it to be, a species of tritheism consisting of God, Mary and Jesus Christ. [Whether Mohammed had a correct idea of the Trinity and deliberately put forth this travesty of the Christian idea, we will consider later.] The commentaries interpret the Koran as follows: Zamakhshari on 4:169 remarks, “The story received among Christians is that God is one in essence and three persons, (akanim) the person of the Father, the person of the Son and the person of the Holy Spirit. And they verily mean by the person of the Father, the Being, and by the person of the Son, knowledge, and by the person of the Holy Spirit, life. And this supposes that God is the third of three, or, if not, that there are three gods. And that which the Koran here refers to is the clear statement of theirs, that God and Christ and Mary are three gods and that the Christ is a child (walad) of God from Mary.” For proof he then quotes Surah 5:116, and adds: “And it is universally known concerning Christians that they hold the deity and humanity of Christ as regards his father and mother.” From this it is evident that Zamakhshari had a more correct idea of the doctrine of the Trinity than did Mohammed and that after offering a modal trinity as the creed of Christians he covers up the Koran mistake by asserting, without proof, that the trinity was a triad of Father, Son and Mother. (Vol. I. of the Kishaf, p. 241.) Beidhawi (on 4:169) remarks: “Jesus is called the Spirit of God because He makes the dead to live or quickens hearts.” On the following verse he is doubtful; “Either God is the third of three gods or is a triad of Father, Son and Holy Spirit.” (Vol. I., p. 319.) He, too, avoids a real explanation of the gross misstatement in the Koran that Mary is one of the persons of the Trinity. The Jilalain (Vol. I., p. 278) prove that Jesus cannot be God, “because He has a spirit and everything possessed of a spirit is compounded (murakkib and God is absolutely without compounding, arrangement (tarkib), i.e., simple.” He says the Trinity consists of “Allah and Jesus and His mother.” (The Moslem Doctrine Of God, Samuel M. Zwemer, 1905, p 80)
It is interesting to note that the charges against Christians of looking upon the Virgin Mary as the third person of the Trinity is made in the last of all the Suras:- O Jesus, Son of Mary, hast thou said unto mankind 'Take me and my mother as two Gods beside God? ’ He shall say: ‘Glory be unto Thee! it is not for me to say that which I know to be not the truth.’ Sura Al-Ma’idah (v) 116. Whether Muhammad knew better or not is uncertain, but, however that may be, this is his parting accusation. He could have ascertained the true facts of the case, for on Christian monuments found by Dr. B. Glaser in Yemen, the Sirwah inscription opens with the words, ‘In the power of the all-Merciful and His Messiah and the Holy Ghost.’ (Zwemer, Islam, p. 21.) To say the least, Muhammad here made a serious mistake, which it is difficult to reconcile with the verbal inspiration of the Qur’an. (The Historical Development Of The Qur’an, Edward Sell, 1869-1932, p 172)
bible.ca/islam/islam-bible-koran-errors-catholic-mariolatry-trinity-father-son-mary.htm
It is interesting to note that the charges against Christians of looking upon the Virgin Mary as the third person of the Trinity is made in the last of all the Suras:- O Jesus, Son of Mary, hast thou said unto mankind 'Take me and my mother as two Gods beside God? ’ He shall say: ‘Glory be unto Thee! it is not for me to say that which I know to be not the truth.’ Sura Al-Ma’idah (v) 116. Whether Muhammad knew better or not is uncertain, but, however that may be, this is his parting accusation. He could have ascertained the true facts of the case, for on Christian monuments found by Dr. B. Glaser in Yemen, the Sirwah inscription opens with the words, ‘In the power of the all-Merciful and His Messiah and the Holy Ghost.’ (Zwemer, Islam, p. 21.) To say the least, Muhammad here made a serious mistake, which it is difficult to reconcile with the verbal inspiration of the Qur’an. (The Historical Development Of The Qur’an, Edward Sell, 1869-1932, p 172)
bible.ca/islam/islam-bible-koran-errors-catholic-mariolatry-trinity-father-son-mary.htm